Types of Materials and properties Flashcards
What are 10 properties of materials?
Hardness- Withstand indentation, wear and scratching
Fatigue resistance - Ability to withstand impacts and constant exposure to forces
Toughness - Withstand impact without breaking
Strength - Withstand forces without bending or breaking
Tensile strength - The ability to withstand a puling force without stretching
Corrosion Resistance - Doesn’t rust or corrode due to chemical reactions
Brittle - Cannot bend or stretch without breaking
Stiff - It can hold its shape without bending
Ductile - Can be twisted and stretched out into a wire
Malleable - Can be formed into a variety of shapes and deform without cracking
Elasticity - Ability for a material to return to its original shape once forces deforming it are removed
What are thermosetting plastics?
Plastics that can only be formed once and will not soften when heated.
They have high melting points, brittle and good insulators
But can’t be recycled
What are 4 examples of thermosetting plastics and there uses?
Melamine-formaldehyde (MF)- Plastic table wear
Urea- formaldehyde (UF)- plug sockets
Epoxy resin (ER)- casting
Polyester resin (PR)- Hard hats
What are thermoplastics (or thermoforming)?
Plastics that soften on heating and harden when cooled. They can repeat this process many times.
They can be recycled
What are 4 examples of thermoplastics and there uses?
Acrylic (PMMA) - Card headlights, visors and baths
High density polythene (HDPE) - Washing-up bowls, pipes, bottles
Polypropylene (PP) - Children’s toys, food packaging film
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)- Window frames, cladding, guttering
What are common properties of polymers?
- Water Resistance
- Range of colours
- Durable
- Malleable
- Tough
- No corrosion
- Not thermally or electrically conductive
- Generally cost effective and easy to source
What are the properties of ABS?
- High rigidity and toughness (Impact resistant) over a long time
- Easy to machine (Malleable)
- Non-toxic and resistant to chemicals
- Cost effective
What are the properties of nylon?
- Low friction coefficient (self-lubricating)
- High melting point
- High tensile strength
- Not easily recycled
- Absorbs water
What are the properties of PVC?
- Flexible
- Chemical resistant
- Water and weather resistant
- Cost effective
- Can be clear/ translucent
What are the properties of Polypropylene?
- Lightweight
- Food-safe and resistant to chemicals
- Stiff and inflexible
- Scratches easily
What are the general properties of card?
- Variable strength that depends of thickness
- Low durability
- Not water resistant or paint resistant
- Low dimensional stability especially in certain directions
What are 3 types of card and there uses and properties?
Corrugated card- Boxes and crafting- strong and rigid
Carton Board- Boxes and models- Good compressive strength and moisture resistance
Paper and boards - Printing, construction and insulation- good insulators and high tensile strength
What are the properties of HDPE (High density polyethylene) and its weaknesses?
- High density resulting is strength and rigidity
- Impact resistant
- Resistant to water and changes in temperature
- Highly recyclable
- Easy to fabricate and complex shapes can be made
- Low price
Weaknesses
- Not good with high temperatures
- Not biodegradable
What are the properties of Stainless steel?
- Very strong
- Wear and corrosion resistance
- Ductile and easy to machined/ formed
- Aesthetic Appeal- shiny and metallic
- Recyclable
What is a manufactured board?
A piece of wood made from timber waste and adhesive. To improve aesthetics they are veneered and they are cost effective
