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Radiographic Physics Exam 1 - Me > Types of Radiation > Flashcards

Types of Radiation Flashcards

1
Q

What is EMR?

A

Electromagnetic Radiation

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2
Q

What is primary with the production of x-ray?

A

EM - Electromagnetic energy

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3
Q

EMR energy is measured in what?

A

eV - electron volts

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4
Q

1000 eV = what?

A

1 kiloelectron volt (KeV)

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5
Q

EMR frequency is measured in what?

A

Hertz (Hz)

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6
Q

EMR wavelength is measured in what?

A

Meters (M)

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7
Q

X-ray has a ______ wavelength.

A

Very short

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8
Q

X-ray has a ______ frequency.

A

high

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9
Q

The rise and fall of a sine wave is called?

A

frequency

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10
Q

Form one peak to the next peak (or any like point) is called?

A

A cycle

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11
Q

The distance from one peak of the wave to the next peak is called?

A

wavelength

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12
Q

All EMR travel at what?

A

The speed of light

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13
Q

EMR have no _____ and travel in _____ called ______.

A

Mass
Bundles
Photons/quanta

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14
Q

Photons travel in what form?

A

wavelength

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15
Q

Photons have varying _____ and _____.

A

Wavelength

frequencies

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16
Q

Photons/EMR lose intensity with what?

A

Increase in distance

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17
Q

EMR/Photons are _______ or ________ depending on the ________.

A

Ionizing or nonionizing

wavelength

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18
Q

Ionizing radiation has enough energy to “knock out” what?

A

electrons

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19
Q

What must be done to remove and electron? It causes what?

A

Binding forces must be overcome

imbalance

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20
Q

Ionizing radiation has a _____ wavelength and ____ frequency

A

Very short

high

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21
Q

Wavelength and frequency are ________ related.

A

inversely

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22
Q

A short wavelength and high frequency has what?

A

High energy

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23
Q

What are two examples of EMR (short wavelength)?

A

X-ray

Gamma ray

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24
Q

Nonionizing radiation does not have the energy to do what?

A

Remove electrons

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25
Q

Nonionizing radiation has a _____ wavelength and a _____ frequency

A

Long

lower

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26
Q

Examples of nonionizing EMR (long wavelength) are:

A

Visible light
Infrared and ultraviolet light
Radio, TV, microwaves, and heat

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27
Q

What other radiation that is not on the electromagnetic but is ionizing?

A

particle radiation

28
Q

Particle radiation comes from what?

A

Decay of radioactive atom’s nucleus

29
Q

What types of particle radiation are there? Are they both ionizing?

A

Alpha and beta

yes

30
Q

Particle radiation is ____ penetrating than an x-ray.

A

less

31
Q

Particle radiation is more or less harmful than x-ray?

A

more

32
Q

Radon gas produces what type of particle radiation?

A

alpha

33
Q

How is radon gas harmful?

A

When inhaled

34
Q

Measuring ionizing radiation is called?

A

dosimetry

35
Q

Dosimetry is performed by what?

A

A dosimeter

36
Q

What measures ionizing radiation in the air and is used to determine intensity of gamma and x-ray?

A

Roentgen (or Coulombs/kg - SI UNIT)

37
Q

What is rad?

A

Radiation absorbed dose?

38
Q

What is the SI Unit for RAD?

A

Gray (Gy)

39
Q

This measures the amount of radiation in the tissue?

A

Radiation absorbed dose (rad)/ Gray (Gy)

40
Q

1/1000th of a rad is a

A

millirad

41
Q

Used mostly for the biological effects of radiation to specific organs and tissues.

A

rad

42
Q

What is “rem”?

A

Radiation equivalent man (mammal)

43
Q

What is the SI unit for rem?

A

Sievert (Sv)

44
Q

This is used for radiation detection in reporting exposure.

A

rem

45
Q

1/1000th of a rem is what?

A

A millirem

46
Q

100 mrem = what?

A

1 mSv

47
Q

100 rem = what?

A

1 Sv

48
Q

What is a type of dosimeter worn on clothing?

A

Film badge

49
Q

What measures the biological affect from delayed exposure?

A

rem or Sv

50
Q

What are the equal measures in US measurements?

A

1 R = 1 rad = 1 rem

51
Q

What are the equal measures in SI units?

A

1 C/kg = 1 Gy = 1 Sv

52
Q

What measures the quantity of radioactive material such as uranium?

A

Curie (Ci)

53
Q

Altogether the average person gets _____ each year.

A

360 mrads

54
Q

What 3 types of natural radiation are there?

A

Cosmic
Terrestrial (External terrestrial)
Internal

55
Q

Natural radiation makes up what percentage of our yearly exposure?

A

82%

56
Q

Cosmic radiation comes from what?

A

Sun and stars

57
Q

Cosmic radiation increases where?

A

Higher altitudes

The farther the latitude from the equator

58
Q

Terrestrial comes from what?

A

Soil, rocks and mountains

bricks, wallboard, and cement made from above

59
Q

What comes from the decay of uranium?

A

Radon gas

60
Q

Radon gas is what percentage of our natural exposure?

A

55%

61
Q

Most internal radiation comes from what?

A

Ingestion of water and food

62
Q

What are the natural radioactive substances found in living tissue?

A

nuclides

63
Q

Man made radiation makes up what percentage of our yearly dose?

A

18%

64
Q

What is the larges source of manmade radiation?

A

Diagnostic x-ray

65
Q

What type of man made radiation is used for scanning procedures for diagnosis and therapeutic radiation?

A

Nuclear medicine

66
Q

What are the 4 types of man made radiation?

A

Diagnostic x-ray
Nuclear medicine
Consumer products
Nuclear testing/reactors

Radiographic Physics Exam 1 - Me (3 decks)

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