Types of sport injuries Flashcards
(21 cards)
Hard tissue injuries
Damage in bones, joints or cartilage
Acute injuries
Occurs at a sudden moment in time
-Sudden injuries linked to traumatic event
-Commonly from the impact of an object or collision with a player or ground
Types of Acute Hard Tissue Injuries
-Dislocation
-Fracture
-Cartilage damage
Dislocation
When one bone is displaced from another
-Caused by force, pushing the joint past its ROM
-Subluxation is a partial dislocation, damaged ligaments
-If repeatedly stretched ligaments permanently lengthen, decrease joint stability
Fracture
A partial or complete break in the bone due to force
-Disformity and discoloration
-Incomplete=partial crack
-Complete=total break
Cartilage damage
A tear in articular or fibrocartilage within the joint
-Popping sensation
-Locking of joint
Soft tissue injuries
Damage to the muscles, tendons, or ligaments
Acute soft tissue injuries
-Sprain
-Abrasion
-Blisters
-Bruising
-Hematoma
-Concussion
Sprain
Ligaments have been stretched, twisted, or torn
Caused by: overreach, landing awkwardly, changing direction
Signs: swelling, pain around the joint, bruising
Grade 1: mild damage to ligament
Grade 2: partial tear in the ligament
Grade 3 full tear of ligament
Abrasion
A wound caused by superficial damage to the skin, no deeper than the epidermis
-Caused by scraping against a surface
E.g. falling on astroturf
Blisters
A pocket of fluid that forms from friction
-treatable with correct equipment and footwear
Brucing
Blood vessels that have ruptured
Hematoma
Localised congealed bleeding from ruptured blood vessels
Concussion
Traumatic brain injury resulting in disrupting brain function
-Caused by a blow to the head or body
-Bruising and bleeding to the brain
-Dazed
Chronic injury
Occur over a period of time
-An injury that slowly develops due to repeated stress or overuse
Osteoarthritis
Break down and loss of articular cartilage
-Joint swelling
-An acute injury known as posttraumatic arthritis can lead to OA
Chronic soft tissue injuries
-Shin splints
-Tendinosis
-Osgood Schlatters syndrome
Shin splints
The connection between the tendon and the periosteum becomes inflamed
-Repeated overuse, excessive overload
-Tenderness at a specific point
E.g. runners
Tendinosis
Deterioration of the tendon’s fibrous collagen
-Repeat overuse
-Tenderness & stiffness
Tennis elbow & achilles tendinosis
Tennis elbow
-Stenous overuse of tendons in the forearm
-Microscopic tears and pain
Achilles tendinosis
-Pain, tightness, and deterioration of tendon behind the ankle
-Common in long-distance runners
Osgood Schlatters syndrome
The patella tendon pulls on the front of the tibia where it attaches
-Common in young teenagers
-Flairs up in growth spurs
