Typography

Question 1

Baseline

Answer 1

The invisible line on which characters sit

Question 2

Meanline

Answer 2

The invisible line on the x-height

Question 3

X-height

Answer 3

Distance between meanline and baseline, the height of a lowercase “x”, often more than half of the cap height

Question 4

Cap height

Answer 4

Distance from baseline to the top of uppercase letters like “H”

Question 5

Ascender

Answer 5

The part of a character that extends above the meanline

Question 6

Descender

Answer 6

The part of a character that extends below the baseline

Question 7

Serifs

Answer 7

Extra stroke at the ends of a character

Question 8

Stem

Answer 8

The vertical line of a “B”, often the main body of a letter

Question 9

Bar

Answer 9

The horizontal lines of an “e”, horizontal or diagonal lines of a letter which are open on at least one side

Question 10

Bowl

Answer 10

An open or closed circular line that creates an interior space, such as an “e” or “b”

Question 11

Counter

Answer 11

The inside of a bowl, negative space that is fully or partially enclosed area.

Question 12

Leg

Answer 12

The bottom stroke of a letter, such as the base of an “L”

Question 13

Shoulder

Answer 13

The curve at the beginning of a leg of a character, such as in an “m”

Question 14

Height of typeface

Answer 14

The vertical measurement of type. The point system is standard today.

Question 15

Point system

Answer 15

• 1 point = 1/72 inch
• 12 points = 1 pica
• eg. 8 picas = 8p

Question 16

Width of typeface

Answer 16

The horizontal measure, which is the body of the letter + a sliver of space that protects it from other letters

Question 17

Width proportions

Answer 17

Condensed, compressed, wide, extended

Question 18

Optical size of typeface

Answer 18

Different styles for different sizes of output coming from a type family

Question 19

Scale of typeface

Answer 19

The size of design elements in comparison to other elements in a layout as well as to the physical context of the work

Question 20

2 categories of type

Answer 20

Renaissance, Baroque, and Enlightenment periods in art & literature AND 20th & 21st centuries

Question 21

Type classification

Answer 21

Humanist/Old Style, Transitional, Modern, Egyptian/Slab Serif, Humanist Sans Serif, Transitional Sans Serif, Geometric Sans Serif

Question 22

Humanist/Old Style

Answer 22

Closely connected to calligraphy and the movement of hand

Question 23

Transitional

Answer 23

Sharper serifs and more vertical axis than humanist letters

Question 24

Modern

Answer 24

Thin, straight serifs, vertical axis, sharp contrast from thick to thin strokes

Question 25

Egyptian/Slab Serif

Answer 25

Heavy, slab-like serifs

Question 26

Humanist Sans Serif

Answer 26

Small, tilting counter in the letters, calligraphic variations in line weight

Question 27

Transitional Sans Serif

Answer 27

Uniform, upright character makes it similar to transitional sans serif

Question 28

Geometric Sans Serif

Answer 28

Built around geometric forms

Question 29

Type families

Answer 29

Roman form/Plain/Regular, Italic form, Small caps (capitals), Bold versions of traditional text fonts, Bold & italic

Question 30

Italic form

Answer 30

Used to create emphasis

Question 31

Small caps

Answer 31

Designed to integrate with a line of text, capitals that are slightly taller than the x-height

Question 32

Bold & italic

Answer 32

The counters need to stay clear and open at small sizes

Question 33

Bold versions of traditional text fonts

Answer 33

Meet the need for emphatic forms

Question 34

Superfamily

Answer 34

Consists of dozens of related fonts in multiple weights and/or widths

Question 35

What to do when mixing typefaces

Answer 35

Adjust the point size so that the x-heights align on the same line

Question 36

2 categories of numerals

Answer 36

Lining numerals, non-lining numerals/text/old style numerals

Question 37

Lining numerals

Answer 37

Take up uniform widths of space, enabling the numbers to line up when tabulated in columns which appear LARGE in text

Question 38

Non-lining numerals

Answer 38

Have ascenders and descenders, integrate visually with text

Question 39

Pandemic error

Answer 39

The use of straight prime or hatch marks (often called dumb quotes) in place of apostrophes and quotation marks

Question 40

Logotype

Answer 40

Uses typography or lettering to depict the name or initials of an organization in a memorable way

Question 41

Visual identity

Answer 41

Consists of colours, patterns, icons, signage components, and a selection of typefaces

Question 42

Ligature

Answer 42

Two or more letters are joined together to form one glyph

Question 43

Ear

Answer 43

A small stroke projecting from a letterform

Question 44

Leading / Linespacing

Answer 44

Thin strips of lead that separate the horizontal liens of type