U world only Flashcards
1
Q
Malaria Prophylaxis
A
atovaquone proguanil
doxycycline
mefloquine
2
Q
malaria prophylaxis in pregnacy
A
mefloquine
3
Q
Methanol - symptoms besides metabolic acidosis
A
vision loss
optic disc hyperemia
4
Q
CML translocation
A
9,22
bcr-ab1
5
Q
CML decreased…. (what) activate
A
lap
6
Q
meds causing hearing loss
A
furosemide, aspirin, aminoglycoside
7
Q
ARDS - mechanism
A
decreased lung compliance
8
Q
molluscum contagiousum
A
flesh colored dome shaped papules
pox virus
9
Q
chronic corticosteroid use + bone pain mechanism
A
osteonecrosis/avascular necrosis of bone
10
Q
HIV esophagitis without thrush
A
CMV
11
Q
elastic pressure inversely prop to
A
compliance
12
Q
echinococus granulosus
A
liver cysts
sheep, dogs
13
Q
Ca oxalate crystals
A
ethylene glycol ingestions
treat with fomepizole
14
Q
fomepizole
A
treatment for ethylene glycol intox
15
Q
hard submandiubular or cervical lymph nodes ddx
A
head/neck cancer
16
Q
vaccination for asplenic pts - timing
A
2 weeks before or 2 weeks after
17
Q
asplenic pts vaccines
A
PCV 13,23 (repeat 23 5 years later and when 65)
h flu
meningococcal every 5
18
Q
RAAS activity
A
increasing angiotensin II levels
vasoconstriction of efferent > afferent glomerulr arterioles causing decrease RBF
increased NA reabsorption in collection tubule so decreased delivery to distal tubule
19
Q
plasma free metanephrines
A
pheochromocytome
20
Q
nitrate reduce
A
preload, LVEDV
21
Q
adrenal insuff - infectious causes
A
HIV, TB
22
Q
primary adrenal insuff
A
low cortisol, increased acth
23
Q
secondary adrenal insuff
A
low cortisol, low acth
24
Q
GGT in alcoholic hepatitis
A
increased
25
choricoarcinoma can spread to
lungs
26
ventilation =
TV x RR
27
myopathy with increased CK, normal ESR ddx
hypothyroidism
28
pounding heart sensation when laying on L sie
AR
| LV brought closer to chest wall
29
hashimoto - increased risk of
thyroid lymphoma
30
ehrlichiosis
tick borne acute febrile illness with AMS
31
ehrlichiosis treatment
doxy
32
spinal stenosis worse with
extension
33
macular degeneration
issues with fine visual accuity
straight lines appear wavy on grid test
drusen deposits in macule
34
IE in someone with recent UTI
enteroccoccus
35
hemolysis and haptoglobin
free hgb binds haptoglobin
| excess free hgb due to hemolysis it will bind haptoglobin and decrease it
36
complication of nephrotic syndrome
renal vein thrombosis
37
renal vein thrombosis symptoms
flank, abd pain, hematuria
38
renal vein thrombosis mechanism
loss of antithrombin III in urine
39
osteomyelitis from nail puncture - organism
pseudomonas
40
osteomalacia labs
decrease ca, ph (vit d low)
| increased PTH, alk phos
41
drug induced esophagitis causes
tetracycline, aspirin/nsaids, KCL, alderonate
42
dequerviran tenosynitis
common in new mothers
| pain on lateral side of wrist
43
chest tube placement in parapneumonic effusion
low ph, less than 7.2
| glucose less than 60
44
ischemic colitis - most common location
splenic flexure
| watershed area
45
ischemic colitis - labs
leukocytosis
46
nitrites in urine caused y
enterobacteriacea
47
macrocytic anemia in sickle cell dz
folic acid def
48
lung adenocarcinoma
non smokers
peripheral
solitary nodule
49
dark brown discoloration of colon with lymph follicles showing through
laxative abuse
50
flail chest
crush injury, more than 3 rib fractures
| unstable chest wall segment, paradoixcal motion with breathing
51
earliest renal sign associated with DM
glomerular hyperfiltration
52
acyclovir AE
crystal stone renal failure
53
polyp most likely to be malignant
villous adenoma
54
bacillary angiomatosis
angioma like growths on both skin and viscera
| prone to hemorrhage
55
angiodysplasia symptoms
anemia
painless rectal/gi bleeding
AS murmur: systolic at RSB
56
Graves disease - what treatment can initially worsen eye symptoms
radioactive iodine
| destroyed thyroid cells release excess thyroid hormone which exacerbates eye symptoms
57
UC colonosocpy screening
1-2yr
58
multinucleated cells on tzanck smear
herpes
59
nonpurulent vesicles on fingers
herpetic whitlow
60
Paget's Disease of breast
- eczematous lesions on breast
- path: large cells with halo
- usually adenocarcinoma
61
mechanism of expthalamos
stimulation of orbital fibroblasts by anti-TSH receptor autoantibotides
orbital tissue expansion
62
scabies treatment
permethrin cream
63
osler weber rendu
teleangiectasis
epistaxis
AVMs
64
patellofemoral syndrome
young women
pain with squatting
patellofemoral compression test
65
patellar tendonitis
athletes, episodic
| pain and tenderness at inferior patella
66
osgood schlatter disease
adolescent/growth spurt
episodic
tender and tibial tubercle
67
low thyroglubin =
exogenous thyroid homrone
68
prinzmetal angia risk factor
smoking
69
prinzmetal angina treatmetn
ccb or nitrate
70
what drug prevents ventricular remodeling
acei
71
chalazion
nodular rubbery lesion
if it keeps returning, change of sebacious carcinoma
do histopath exam to rule out malignancy
72
dacrocystitis
infection of lacrimal gland
| s aureus or streptococc al
73
solitary brain metastasis -- treatment
resection
74
chronic scar that turns into non healing ulcer, think
SCC
75
periarticular ostepenia
RA
76
central retinal artery occlusion symptoms
painless loss of vision 2/2 embolus
77
central retinal artery occlusion treatment
occular massage and high flow o2
78
neuro symptoms in copd resp failure due to
co2 retention
79
exertional heat stroke
hot weather
temp greater than 104
collapse
ams/ards/dic
80
exertional heat stroke risk increased with
anticholinergics, antihistamines
81
water bottle shaped heart with clear lungs
pericardial effusion
82
non palpable maximal impuse
pericardial effusion
83
polycytehmia vera low levels of
epo
84
drug that increases chance of hypothermia
haloperidal, fluphenazol
85
beta cell tumor labs
increased c peptide levels
| proinsulin greater than 5
86
hidradenitis supprativa
also called acne inversa
axillary/inguinal regions
painful tender mass
87
caustic poisoning
salviation, mouth burns, severe pain
88
refractory hypokalemia possible treatment/cause
hypomagnesium
89
symptoms of MI + pulm edema
give furosemide
90
urine ph >7
proteus
91
exudative pleural effusion causes
infection: TB, PNA
malignancy
CTD
PE
92
gum hypertrophy
cyclosporine
93
hodgkin's lymphoma treated with chemo and radiation 20 years ago
chance of solid tumor malignancy
94
hyposthenuria
nocturia/impairement of kidneys ability to concentrate urine
| associated with SSD/SST
95
ankylosing spondylosis + SOA
restrictive lung dz due to decreased chest wall mobility
96
screening test for viriliaizng neoplasma
tesosterone and DHEAS
97
DHEAS made by
adrenals only
98
ovarian neoplasm - labs
increased tesosterone
| normal dheas
99
adrenal neoplasm (virilism) - labs
normal testosterone
| elevated DHEAS
100
foodborne illnes with vomiting
s aureus, bacillus cereus, norovisu
101
necrotizing pneumonia with pneumatocele think
s aureus
102
hep b screening based on
unprotected sex/needle use
103
hep c screening based on
blood transfusions before 1992
104
acute angle glaucoma symptoms
ha/nausea/eye pain
| mid-dilated pupil
105
acute angle glaucoma can be triggered by
decongestants
106
diagnosis of acute angle glaucoma
tonometry to measure IOP
| goinoscopy gold standard
107
electrical alterans
varifying amplitudes of QRS
108
trastuzumab toxicity
cardiotoxicity
109
liver mets
GI, lung, breast
110
retrophyargneal space is danger space because
drains into mediastinum
111
inconclusive fast exam
unstable, diagnostic peritoneal lavage
| stable, CT
112
constrictive pericarditis etiology
viruses
cardiac surgery
chest radiation
tb
113
stroke management in sickle cell pt
exchange transfusion
114
syphilis treatment
penicillin g
| doxy if allergeric
115
indicator of severe asthma attck
normal pco2
hypervenitiatlion would cause decreased pco2
so normal pco2 indicates airway obstruction or resp muscle fatigue
116
toxic adenoma scan
diffuse uptake only in nodule/adenoma
117
ckd anemia
due to epo def, normocytic
| when you supplement epo, surge of rbc production can cause iron def
118
emphysematus cholecysitis
secondary infection of gallbladder with gas forming bacteria
| occurs in diabetic males
119
trichinellosis - risk factors
undercooked meat, mexico
120
trichinellosis symptoms
intestinal stage followed my muscle stage
121
muscle stage of trichinellosis
splinter hemorrhages
myositis
perioorbital edema
eosinophilia
122
corneal vesicles and dendritic ulcers
herpes simplex keratitis
123
cherry vs strawberry angioma
adults - cherry
| strawberry - children
124
HA, nausea, dizziness
carbon monoxide poisoning
125
colloid =
albumin
126
terminal hematuria, think
prostate or bladder cause
127
whipple's dz
diarrhea
joint pain
lad
128
behcets
oral ulcers +
| genital ulcers, eye lesions/uveitis, nodules/erythem nodosum
129
avascular necrosis diagnosed with
MRI
130
temporal arteritis associated with
aortic aneurysm
| serial CXRs
131
charcot joint
deformed
| associated with nerve damage/neuropathy
132
hydroxychloroquine ae
retinopathy
| eye exams q6mo
133
SLE pt presenting with renal damage, next step
kidney biopsy
134
reactive arthritis treatment
NSAIDS
135
carcinoid syndrome associated with what deficiency
niacin
136
leukoplakia
smokeless tobacco
| can progress to squamous cell carcinoma
137
AFib: most common location of ectopic foci
pulmonary veins
138
Presbycusis
sensorineural hearing loss
| trouble hearing in crowded places
139
infective endocarditis and conduction abnormality, think
perivalvular abscess
140
hemochromatosis - cardiac consequences
restrictive or dilated cardiomyopathy
| conduction abnormalities
141
NSAID induced bronchospasm, what other finding
nasal polpys
142
Complications of Pancreatitis
ileus, pleural effusion
143
SIBO
small intestine bacterial overgrwoth
| diarrhea/bloating
144
SIBO can be associated with
scleroderma, surgeries
145
appendicitis pain
visceral - periumbicial
| somatic - right lower abdomen
146
zenker's diverticulum test
contrast esophagram
147
tropical sprue
chronic diarrhea
| can be associated with nutrient deficiences
148
tropical sprue biopsy
blunting of villi
149
antimitochondrial Ab
PBC
150
anti smooth muscle AB
autoimmune hepatitis
151
PBC treatment
UDA
152
HIV linear vs round ulcers
linear - CMV
| round - HSV
153
Gram positive aerobic branching bacteria
Acintomyces
| Pencillin
154
Acid fast, aerobic branching bacteria
Nocardia
| TMP-SMX
155
PCPtreatment
TMP-SMX
| + steroids if severe
156
necroitizing surgical site
cloudy gray d/c
paresthesia/anathesia around wound edge
hypotension/fever/tachy
157
Postop cholestasis occurs after
prolonged surgery with hypotension
massive blood less
excessive blood replacement
158
necrotizing fascitis
pain out of proprortional to physical exam
| history of trauma
159
hypopigmented plaque + muscle atrophy
leprosy
160
post-BMT pneumonitis + colitis
CMV
161
caustic ingestion is ingestion of
NaOH (lye)
162
caustic ingestion management
endoscopy
163
beta blocker overdose antidote
glucagon
164
ACL injury
popping sensation
| hemarthrosis
165
CI for succinylcholine use
hyperkalemia
| release of K can cause arrythmias
166
cyanide toxicity antidoe
sodium thiosulfate
| hydroxocobalmin
167
colon cancer screening if first degree relative
age 40 or 10 years before their onset
168
PPSV23 vs PCV 13 immunology
23- t cell indep B cell rxn
| 13 - t cell dep B cell rxn (dep because its for kids)
169
low urine CL metabolic aklalosis
vomiting
| diuretic use
170
high urine cl metabolic alkalosis
excess MC
| RTA
171
acute hemolytic rxn within
1 hr
172
acute hemolytic rxn mechanism
ABO incompatibility
173
delayed hemolytic rxn within
2-10 d
174
delayed hemolytic rxn mechansims
anamestic antibody response
175
Warm AIHA
anti-IgG
176
Cold AIHA
anti-IGM
| mycoplasma
177
Lynch syndrome
HNPCC
| colon + endometrial cancer
178
hypercalcimea due to malignancy treatment
bisphosphonates
179
spinal cord compression management
MRI
IV glucocorticoids
consult
180
Solitary Brain Mets
Breast, Colon, RCC
181
Multiple Brain Mets
Lung, Malignant Metastasis
182
Febrile Nonhemolytic transfusion rxn
within 1-6 hrs
183
leukoreduced cells for
febrile nonhemolytic
184
irridated rbcs for
bmt pts
185
washed RBCs for
Iga def
allergic rbc rxn
AIHA
186
tumor lysis syndrome
increased K, Phos, UA
| decreased CA due to phos binding
187
paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria symptoms
hemolysis + thrombosis
188
contraindications to radioactiv eiodine
pregnancy
| severe ophthalmopathy
189
risk of untreated hyperthyroidism
bone loss
| cardiac arrhthmias
190
sildenafil + alpha blocker
give 4 hrs apart
191
leydig cell tumor
most common
| makes testosterone, sometimes estrogen
192
choriocarcinoma hormones
increase BHCG
193
seminomas hormones
usually none
| sometimes B-hcg
194
secondary hyperaldosteronism
RAS
Cushings
renin secreting tumors
195
most common cause of death in acromegaly
CVD
196
diabetics age 40-75
always on statin!
197
PTHrp
decrease PTH
| decrease 1,25 vit d
198
if you give B Blocker during Pheo crisis
unopposed stimulation of vascular alpha receptors
| increased BP
199
SFU side effects
wt gain, hypoglycemia
200
TZD side effects
wt gain, edema, chf
201
DPP-IV inhibitor
sitagliptin
| wt neutral
202
GLP-1 receptor agonist
exenatide
| wt loss
203
dermatofibroma
nontender, hyperpigmented, less than 1 cm
| dimpling in center
204
senile purpura due to
perivascular CT atrophy
205
PBC cutaneous manifestations
xanthesmas and xanthelasmas
206
lesion on lip, high ddx for
SCC
207
doxycycline AE
photosensitivity
208
frost bite treatment
rapid rewarming with warm h20
209
melanoma type of biopsy
excisional
210
ichthyosis vulgaris
dry and rough skin
211
curtain came down over eyes
retinal detachment
212
hordeloum or style
staphylococcal
| treat with warm compresses
213
vitreous hemorrhage
sudden loss of vision and floaters
common in diabetics
hard to visualize fundus
214
sympatheti cphtthalmia
spared eye injury
| due to hidden antigens
215
cataract symptoms
blurred vision and glare
216
acute glaucoma, avoid
atropine
217
BPH diagnosis
ultrasound
218
death in dialysis pts
CVD
219
urethritis with no organisms on gram stain
chlyamdiae
220
struvite stones
proteus
221
most common cause of kidney stones
calcium oxalate
222
calcium phosphate kidney stones
primer hyper PTH
| RTA
223
cystinuria
impaired aa transport
hexagonal crystals
urinary cyanide nitroprusside test
224
EPO side effects
worsenign HTN, HA, flu like syndrome, red cell aplasia
225
WBC casts
TIN
226
analgestic nephropathy
TIN or papillary necrosis
227
minimal change disease associated with
NSAIDS
| lymphoma (hodgkins)
228
acute kidney transplant rejection, treat with
IV steroids
229
recurrent pneumonia in one location
think anatomic obstruction
| order CT
230
sleep apnea acid base
decreased chloride due to bicarb retention
231
bronchoalveolar lavage best diagnoses
malignancy
| oppurtunistic infections
232
theophylline AE
arrythmias
cns - ha/seizures/insmonia
N/V
233
decreased DLCO
emphysema
| restrictive/fibrotic lung diseases
234
normal DLCO
chronic bronchitis
235
increased DLCO
asthma
