U1

Question 1

what is the nervous system

Answer 1

system of receptors and effectors that allow us to detect and respond to stimuli in our environment

body’s communication system

Question 2

the 2 types of NS and which parts its responsible for

Answer 2

1. central nervous system
   - brain and spinal chord
2. peripheral nervous system
   - connects CNS to body

Question 3

what is PNS and the two parts?

Answer 3

nerves, carrying messages back and forth between the CNS and parts of the body outside of CNS

1. somatic
2. autonomic

Question 4

somatic NS

Answer 4

voluntary, conscious actions
sends sensory and motor info to CNS

Question 5

sensory neurons

Answer 5

moves sensory info TOWARDS CNS [AFFERENT FIBRES]

Question 6

motor neurons

Answer 6

moves instructions AWAY from CNS [EFFERENT FIBRES]

Question 7

autonomic NS and the 2 subdivisions

Answer 7

controls internal organs/glands automatically/unconsciously

1. sympathetic - prepares body for stress related activities
2. parasympathetic - returns body to routine

Question 8

purpose of sympathetic and parasympathetic?

Answer 8

both work together so body can respond appropriately to different situations.

Question 9

internal process ANS controls

Answer 9

Heart and breathing rates
Body temperature
Metabolism
The balance of water and electrolytes (such as sodium and calcium)

Question 10

2 key chemical messengers/ neurotransmitters

Answer 10

1. acetylcholine - inhibiting effect in parasympathetic
2. norepinephrine - stimulating effect in sympathetic

Question 11

sympathetic and parasympathetic work _________________

Answer 11

sympathetic and parasympathetic work in opposition to each other; S as a car accelerator and PS as the brakes.

for ex. sympathetic increases blood pressure and PS will stabilize/decrease it

Question 12

NS fun facts

Answer 12

1. more nerve cells in the human brain than stars in the Milky Way
2. Msgs from human brain travels through your nervous system at 200 mph
3. NS can’t function properly without enough potassium and sodium ions, and Vitamin B too.

Question 13

Neurons

Answer 13

The basic building block of the nervous system
- Uses chemical and electrical signals to send messages to other neurons and muscles

Question 14

label parts of the body

Answer 14

dendrites, cell body (soma), axon, myelin sheet, terminal branch of axon.

Question 15

body cell/soma

Answer 15

contains nucleus, is the life support centre

Question 16

dendrite

Answer 16

branches that RECEIVE msgs from other neurons

Question 17

axon

Answer 17

PASSES along msgs from soma to axon terminals