U1 LEC: INTRO TO CC

Question 1

This refers to the discipline involved in the selection, provision and interpretation of diagnostic testing that uses primarily samples from patients.

Answer 1

Laboratory Medicine

Question 2

This is a synonymous term to Clinical Laboratory.

Answer 2

Laboratory Medicine

Question 3

Importance of Lab Med

Answer 3

• Confirms a clinical suspicion
• Excludes diagnosis
• Assists in the selection, optimization, and monitoring of treatment
• Provides a prognosis
• Screening for disease in the absence of clinical signs and symptoms
• Establishes and monitor the severity of a physiological disturbance

Question 4

Sections in Abroad that are joint in the Philippines

Answer 4

• Toxicology
• Endocrine and Organ Function Testing
• Hemostasis and Thrombosis
• Identity Testing

Question 5

Sections in the Philippines

Answer 5

• Clinical Chemistry
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Drug Testing
• Microbiology
• Hematology
• Blood Banking / Transfusion Medicine
• Serology and Immunology
• Clinical Microscopy
• Cytology and Anatomic Pathology

Question 6

This is the laboratory section that performs qualitative and quantitative analyses of blood, urine, spinal fluid, feces, calculi and other materials.

Answer 6

Clinical Chemistry

Question 7

This is concerned with the analysis of body fluids.

Answer 7

Clinical Chemistry

Question 8

Manner of reporting for qualitative analysis

Answer 8

Present or absent

Question 9

Manner of reporting for quantitative analysis

Answer 9

Exact value

Question 10

4 Key Concepts of CC

Answer 10

• Accurate
• Precise
• Timely
• Relevant

Question 11

This is the branch of medical science that involves the analysis of biological material, usually body fluids, to provide diagnostic information on the state of the human body.

Answer 11

Clinical Chemistry

Question 12

This is the foundation of science that underlies biochemistry and pathophysiology.

Answer 12

Clinical Chemistry

Question 13

Clinical Chemistry is also known as?

Answer 13

Clinical Biochemistry or Clinical Pathology

Question 14

Importance of CC

Answer 14

indispensable for the determination of the nature of any diseases (which alters normal function)

Question 15

Roles of the MT

Answer 15

Deliver accurate and precise laboratory information in order to provide reliable laboratory results

Question 16

This refers to the checking of previous result of patient.

Answer 16

Delta Check

Question 17

This is the substance of interest being measured, and may be detected qualitatively or quantitatively.

Answer 17

Analyte

Question 18

Example of Blood Sugar

Answer 18

Glucose

Question 19

Example of Lipids

Answer 19

Cholesterol

Question 20

Example of Proteins

Answer 20

Albumin

Question 21

Example of NPNs

Answer 21

Creatinine

Question 22

NPNs stands for?

Answer 22

Nonprotein Nitrogen

Question 23

Example of Enzyme

Answer 23

ALT/AST (Alanine/Aspartate aminotransferase)

Question 24

Example of Hormones

Answer 24

Estrogen

Question 25

Example of Drugs

Answer 25

THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)

Question 26

This is an analytical instrument used to measure the intensity of light absorbed by a sample at specific wavelengths, providing quantitative data about the concentrations of substances within that sample.

Answer 26

Spectrophotometer

Question 27

What is being measured in a spectrophotometer?

Answer 27

Light transmitted

Question 28

This refers to how close a measured value is to the true value or standard.

Answer 28

Accuracy

Question 29

This refers to the consistency and reproducibility of sample analyzed multiple times and still yield similar outcomes.

Answer 29

Precision

Question 30

This refers to the ability of an analytical procedure to maintain original accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity over an extended period of time.

Answer 30

Reliability

Question 31

This refers to the ability to detect a disease.

Answer 31

Sensitivity

Question 32

This refers to the ability to detect a specific disease or pathogen.

Answer 32

Specificity

Question 33

These are standardized samples with known concentrations of analytes used to verify the accuracy and precision of analytical tests.

Answer 33

Control

Question 34

This helps in ensuring that thee testing process is functioning well and correctly.

Answer 34

Control

Question 35

Two types of control

Answer 35

Control Normal and Control Pathologic

Question 36

What control is higher than the Normal Control?

Answer 36

Control Pathologic

Question 37

Controls are checked before?

Answer 37

Shift or in the morning

Question 38

This is a known reference material or substance that is used to calibrate or validate laboratory instruments and assays.

Answer 38

Standard/Calibrator

Question 39

What material is run when the machine is introduced to a new reagent?

Answer 39

Standard

Question 40

This refers to the exact value of standard.

Answer 40

Primary Standard

Question 41

SRM stands for?

Answer 41

Standard Reference Methods

Question 42

T/F: SRM is based on the Primary Standard.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

This refers to any biochemical compound that is sufficiently altered in a disease to serve as an aid in diagnosis or prognosis.

Answer 43

Biochemical Marker

Question 44

This refers to any material coming from the patient's human body submitted to the laboratory for processing and testing.

Answer 44

Specimen

Question 45

Most common specimen in the laboratory

Answer 45

Blood

Question 46

Three Methods of Blood Collection

Answer 46

- Venipuncture - Capillary Puncture - Arterial Puncture

Question 47

Recommended site for venipuncture

Answer 47

Anticubital fossa

Question 48

Recommended vein for Venipuncture

Answer 48

Median Cubital vein

Question 49

Examples of tests done with Arterial blood

Answer 49

Arterial Blood Gas

Question 50

Common arteries for arterial puncture

Answer 50

- Radial artery (Wrist) - Femoral artery (Groin) - Brachial artery (Arm)

Question 51

Capillary puncture is also known as?

Answer 51

Fingerstick / heelstick puncture

Question 52

This is the liquid portion of unclotted blood and includes Fibrinogen.

Answer 52

Plasma

Question 53

This is the liquid component of clotted blood, and has no Fibrinogen.

Answer 53

Serum

Question 54

What liquid portion of the blood is mainly used in CC?

Answer 54

Serum

Question 55

This includes a numerical test value and label, which allows for precise interpretation of the quantity and context of the substance or property being analyzed.

Answer 55

Laboratory Result

Question 56

Key concepts of Laboratory Result

Answer 56

- Actual test value - Label

Question 57

The label is also known as the?

Answer 57

unit of measurement

Question 58

This is the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of symptoms.

Answer 58

Diagnosis

Question 59

This is an opinion based on medical experience, of the likely course of a medical condition.

Answer 59

Prognosis