U1 - Living Environment

Question 1

Sampling technique for plants or slow-moving animals

Answer 1

Quadrat

Question 2

Sampling technique for ground dwelling insects

Answer 2

Pitfall trap

Question 3

How to make an experiment more reliable

Answer 3

Repeat multiple times and take an average

Question 4

Why do we sample randomly?

Answer 4

To avoid sample bias

Question 5

How is energy lost from a food chain?

Answer 5

Movement/ heat / undigested parts

Question 6

What is the source of energy of all food chains?

Answer 6

The Sun

Question 7

What are plants called in food chains?

Answer 7

Producer (they make their own food)

Question 8

What is the process by which plants produce food?

Answer 8

Photosynthesis

Question 9

What is an animal that only consumes plants?

Answer 9

Herbivore

Question 10

What is an animal that only consumes other organisms?

Answer 10

Carnivore

Question 11

What is an animal that consumes plants and organisms?

Answer 11

Omnivore

Question 12

What is the term for a bacteria or fungus that breaks down dead matter?

Answer 12

Decomposer

Question 13

What is the useful form of Nitrogen in the soil?

Answer 13

Nitrates

Question 14

What do plants turn nitrates into?

Answer 14

Protein

Question 15

When animal and plants die and decompose, what form of Nitrogen is released?

Answer 15

Ammonium

Question 16

What does ammonium get ‘fixed’ into by bacteria?

Answer 16

Nitrites, then nitrates

Question 17

How is carbon dioxide removed from the air?

Answer 17

Trees and plants carrying out photosynthesis

Question 18

What do plants store carbon as?

Answer 18

Glucose (or cellulose/starch)

Question 19

When plants and animals decomposed, their remains can be transformed by heat and pressure over millions of years. What is this resource?

Answer 19

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas)

Question 20

Process by which fossil fuels are burned in factories/vehicles

Answer 20

Combustion (burning in oxygen)

Question 21

The number of one species in an ecosystem

Answer 21

Population

Question 22

All the living species in the ecosystem

Answer 22

Community

Question 23

All the living and non-living factors of a habitat

Answer 23

Ecosystem

Question 24

The variety of species in an ecosystem

Answer 24

Biodiversity

Question 25

Consequence of adding too much fertiliser to fields (effect on water)

Answer 25

Eutrophication

Question 26

Formed when fertilisers enter water - this blocks out light

Answer 26

algal bloom

Question 27

This resource is used up in the water when bacteria feed off dead plants and animals

Answer 27

Oxygen

Question 28

A human impact caused by poaching

Answer 28

Species extinction / vulnerable species

Question 29

What is a INNS?

Answer 29

Invasive Non-Native Species (e.g. grey squirrel)

Question 30

Name another invasive species in the UK

Answer 30

Japanese knotweed Rhododendron American mink

Question 31

What is the effect of invasive species?

Answer 31

Outcompetes native species (sometimes to extinction)

Question 32

Name an abiotic factor

Answer 32

``` Light intensity pH Temperature Moisture Wind velocity ```

Question 33

How would you measure light intensity

Answer 33

Hold light meter away from body - sensor directed to the sun

Question 34

How would you measure wind speed?

Answer 34

Anemometer

Question 35

How would you measure soil or air temperature?

Answer 35

Thermometer

Question 36

How would you measure soil moisture?

Answer 36

A moisture meter/probe

Question 37

What is an indicator species?

Answer 37

A species whose presence or absence can show the quality of the ecosystem

Question 38

What is an SSSI

Answer 38

Site of Special Scientific Interest (for rare plants, animals or geological features)

Question 39

What can SEPA (Scottish Environmental Protection Agency) do?

Answer 39

- Protect against flooding - Monitor river/sea water quality - Help enforce environmental law

Question 40

What does the SNH (Scottish Natural Heritage) do?

Answer 40

- Educate people on environmental issues | - Conserve natural heritage