U1AOS1 - Metalanguage I Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
morpheme
A
smallest part of a word with meaning
2
Q
free morpheme
A
make sense by themself
3
Q
bound morpheme
A
cannot stand alone
4
Q
affixes
A
an additional element placed at the beginning, middle or end of a root to change meaning
5
Q
prefix
A
precede root
6
Q
suffix
A
follow root
7
Q
infix
A
within root
8
Q
root
A
forms the basis of a word
9
Q
stems
A
words which already contain affixes but to which more can be added
10
Q
derivational morphemes
A
when you use an affix and change the word meaning
11
Q
inflectional morphemes
A
when an affix added doesn’t change word meaning
12
Q
function words
A
have a grammatical function and little meaning alone
13
Q
content words
A
carry a majority of meaning
14
Q
noun
A
A person, place, thing, or idea
15
Q
common noun
A
A non-specific person, place, thing, or idea
16
Q
abstract noun
A
something unpreceivable from the five senses
17
Q
proper noun
A
a specific person, place, or thing
18
Q
concrete noun
A
a person or thing that exists physically
19
Q
uncountable noun
A
cannot be counted
20
Q
countable noun
A
can be counted
21
Q
compound noun
A
made up of two or more words
22
Q
collective noun
A
a word that names a group
23
Q
singular noun
A
a single person, place, thing, or idea
24
Q
plural noun
A
names more than one person, place, thing, or idea
25
verb
action word
26
transitive verb
An verb that has a direct object to receive the action
27
intransitive verb
does not have a direct object to receive the action
28
adjectives
describes a noun or pronoun
29
adverbs
describe verbs
| - strictly one word
30
interjections
convey emotion or sentiment
31
pronoun
used in place of one or more nouns
32
personal pronouns
to do with a particular person
33
indefinite pronoun
does not refer to a particular person, place, or thing
34
relative pronoun
used for nouns mentioned previously
35
intensive pronoun
emphasises a noun or another pronoun
36
demonstrative pronoun
points out a person, place, thing, or idea (This, That, Those, These)
37
interrogative pronoun
used to begin a question (who,whom,whose,which,what)
38
reflexive pronoun
pronoun that ends in -self or -selves
39
conjunction
joins words, phrases, and clauses in a sentance
40
coordinating conjunction
connects words, phrases, and clauses (FANBOYS)
41
subordinating conjunction
used at the beginning of a subordinate clause or dependant clause
- which is subordinating...
42
correlative conjunctions
used in pairs (both/and, either/or etc)
43
determiner
Positioned in front of nouns to add detail or to clarify
44
demonstrative determiner
this, that, these, those
45
article
determine which version of a noun the speaker is referring to
46
indefinate article
shows use of the general version of a noun
47
definite article
shows the sue of a specific version of a noun
48
possessive article
show ownership of something (usually a noun)
49
quantifier article
indicate how much or little of noun is being discussed
50
preposition
shows the relationship of a noun or a pronoun to some other word in a sentence (usually time or place)
51
auxiliaries
occur with a main verb and provide more info (not adverb)
52
primary auxiliary
to be, to have, to do
53
modal auxiliary
used to express mood or attitude
54
noun phrase
a phrase which contains a noun and other related words
55
verb phrase
a phrase which contains a verb and other related words
56
prepositional phrase
consists of a preposition, the object of the preposition and modifiers
57
adjective phrase
contains words functioning in a sentence together as an adjective
58
adverb phrase
contains an adverb and other modifiers
59
phrase
a group of words with a 'head' defining the function
60
clauses
consists of a subject and a verb
61
independent clause
can stand alone as a sentence
62
dependent clause
needs support, cannot stand alone
63
basic sentence elements
subject, verb, object
64
subject
a person or thing that is being discussed or described
| - usually noun or pronoun
65
verb
a word expressing an action, occurrence or state
66
object
a person or thing receiving the action of the verb
| - comes toward the end of a sentence
67
predicate
tells what the subject is or does
68
direct object
receives the action of the verb
69
indirect object
Comes before the direct object. Tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done.
70
complement
follows a linking verb, can rename a subject or give more information by modifying it
71
declarative
tell something, end with a period and give information about a topic or person
72
interrogative
A sentence that asks a question, end with question mark
73
exclamatory
expresses strong feelings, end with exclamation mark
74
imperative
commands, instructs or orders, end with periods or exclamation mark
75
simple sentance
contains only one independent clause, no dependent clause, expresses one idea
76
compound sentence
two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction
77
complex sentence
A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause
78
compound-complex sentence
at least one dependent clause and two or more independent clauses
79
coordination
join two independent clauses, ideas of equal importance, can be conjunction or conjunctive adverb
80
subordination
join independent and dependent clauses, ideas of differing importance, can be conjunctions or relative pronouns
81
fragments
a sentence lacking a complete independent clause lacking .... subject/verb or has an incomplete predicate ... lacking object or complement
- usually used for effect in written mode
82
modal verb
show likelihood, ability, permission, request, capacity, suggestions, order, obligation, or advice
83
adverbial
can be more than one word
- used to show movement throughout a text e.g. however
- refer to time and place // 'at midnight'
- 'by train' // shows how
