U3

Question 1

aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor inhibits peripheral conversion of L_DOPA to dopamine for parkinsons

Answer 1

carbidopa

Question 2

D2 agonist, D1 antagonist used for mild parkinsons or DA agonism in NMS

Answer 2

bromocriptine

Question 3

non-ergot DA receptor agonist selective for D2 used to delay L-DOPA tx

Answer 3

pramipexole

Question 4

COMT inhibitor to prolong t1/2 of carbidopa

Answer 4

entacapone

Question 5

used for movement disorders in huntingtons (reduces dyskinesias)… also adjunct to levodopa

Answer 5

amantadine

Question 6

GABAb agonist used for spasticity of ALS UMN symps

Answer 6

baclofen

Question 7

side-effects of antipsychotics

Answer 7

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) = muscle rigidity, cramps, tremors, fever, autonomic instability and cognitive changes

Question 8

antipsychotic that also causes arrythmias

Answer 8

thioridazine

Question 9

antipsychotic with fewer autonomic SEs (less sedation) of NMS but more extraphyramidal (parkinsonism)

Answer 9

haloperidol

Question 10

muscle relaxant used for malignant hyperthermia assoc with NMS

Answer 10

dantrolene

Question 11

D2 antagonist, 5H2 antagonist (allows DA to flow more freely in nigostrial pathway) for 2nd gen antipsychotic - risk of agranulocytosis but NO EPS, TD or catalepsy

Answer 11

clozapine

Question 12

direct muscarinic agonist used in cataract surgery b/c constricts pupils, causing inc aqueous outflow by spreading trabecular meshwork

Answer 12

pilocarpine

Question 13

antimuscarinic used to dilate pupils by paralyzing ciliary body when causing cycloplegia for eye exams

Answer 13

tropicamide

Question 14

separates 1st and 2nd order from 3rd order neuron dysfxn in Horner’s syndrom by releasing NE (pos dilation means 1st or 2nd order (bad sign))

Answer 14

hydroxyamphetamine

Question 15

a2 agonist that lowers intraocular pressure

Answer 15

clonidine

Question 16

diagnose postganglionic problem (abnormal pupil WON’T dilate)

Answer 16

paredrine

Question 17

diagnose pharmacologic problem (ie too many anti muscarinics/ cyloplegic agents) (abnormal pupil WON’T constrict)

Answer 17

pilocarpine

Question 18

MAO inhibitor (can’t oxidize Ne, 5-HT, DA) used for depression, anxiety etc… SE hypertensive crisis with tyramine-rich foods or serotonin syndrome (MAOI + SSRI)

Answer 18

tranylcyrpomine & phenelzine

Question 19

Tricyclic SEs

Answer 19

antimuscarinic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation esp with alcohol, seizures

Question 20

TCAs can cause cardiac arrhythmias, esp at OD –> give this

Answer 20

sodium bicarb

Question 21

SSRI that can cause serotonin syndrome with MAOIs

Answer 21

fluoxetine

Question 22

serotonin syndrome

Answer 22

hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, myoclonus, AMS, vitals

Question 23

SSRIs inhibit reuptake of

Answer 23

5_HT and some NE

Question 24

most potent hallucinogen is agonist at 5HT2A receptors, inhibiting raphe nuclei firing and increasing sensory input

Answer 24

LSD

Question 25

hallucinogen that has cross tolerance with LSD and psilocybin

Answer 25

mescaline

Question 26

dissociative anesthetic causes violent behavior and inexplicable psychoses

Answer 26

PCP

Question 27

inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 27

disulfiram

Question 28

causes acidosis with crystals in urine

Answer 28

ethylene glycol

Question 29

hits cannabinoid receptors and can be used as anti-nausea in chemo

Answer 29

THC

Question 30

endogenous cannabinoid

Answer 30

anandamide

Question 31

GABA agonist binds btwn a1 and y2 subunits for short term depression tx ( a benzo) with ceiling effect

Answer 31

lorazepam

Question 32

used for short term sedation ie flight

Answer 32

alprazolam

Question 33

benzo used to induce sleep

Answer 33

triazolam

Question 34

calming effect with short half life anesthesia

Answer 34

midazolam

Question 35

non benzo used to induce sleep at omega receptor

Answer 35

zolpidem

Question 36

MS tx that can cause mild anemia, inc LFT and some flu-like symps with minor irritation at injection site

Answer 36

avonex

Question 37

most NABs of all MS tx

Answer 37

betaferon

Question 38

MS tx that is myelin basic protein analog causes t cell apoptosis

Answer 38

glatiramer acetate

Question 39

used for acute MS attack

Answer 39

methylprednisone

Question 40

used for tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 40

valproate

Question 41

for headaches: the pre-triptan standard of acute migraine tx. 5HT agonist in trigem pathway, can cause nausea.

Answer 41

ergotamines

Question 42

Acute migraine tx, the standard. acute tx of cluster headaches and photophobia

Answer 42

triptans

Question 43

tension headache prevention, can cause weight gain

Answer 43

TCA (amitryptyline)

Question 44

migraine prevention

Answer 44

propanolol