U4 Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is DEVELOPMENT?
Development is enduring growth and change that makes an individual better adapted to the environment.
How does development help?
It enhances the individuals ability to engage, understand & experience more complex behaviour, thinking and emotions.
What is the length of development?
It is a persons process over a lifespan, the change occurred, the behaviour and stability from birth to death.
Why is it important for Counsellors to know the stages of Development?
Provides
1. An explanation as to why people think and act the way they do
- It can be a baseline that indicates where r u? a person should be within their development
Eg what is considered normal
3.evidence for the interventions a counsellor chooses to conduct with their clients
How many HUMAM DEVELOPMENT THEORIES are there?
5
What are the 5 PERSONAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT THEORIES?
- Freud’s psychosexual theory
- Erickson’s pyschosocial stages
- Piaget’s Stages of cognitive development
- Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
- Learning theories
Which is more important… Nature vs Nurture?
Both are regarded is important in the modern counselling process.
Both factors of the clients upbringing need to be assessed within the counselling process.
What are the factors of NATURE?
-Physical Health
-Family History of conditions
Eg anxiety depression schizophrenia and substance abuse
-physiological biology, needs and drives
What are the factors of NURTURE?
- living environment
- support systems
- cultural factors
- education
- childhood history eg traumatic childhood events and behavioural models eg mother father
Is MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS known as HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY?
Yes
What is HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY based on?
It is based on the human capacity for creativity, growth and choice.
It argues that development is not dominated by unconscious forces.
What does it highlight for clients in the counselling process?
It highlights the clients strengths and their potential for change
Does Maslow’s theory focus more on ‘human motivation’ or ‘human development’?
Human motivation
What are the “Physiological Needs” first needs in maslow’s hierarchy pyramid?
Survival and physiological needs
- air
- food
- Sex
- sleep
- shelter
- water
What are the SAFETY AND SECURITY needs in Maslow’s Theory?
- Safety
- Security
What are the ‘BELONGING & LOVE needs’ in Maslow’s Theory?
- Social needs
- friendship
- family
What consists of the 4th level (ESTEEM NEEDS) of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
- Esteem
- Self Esteem
- confidence
- Achievement
What are the final needs that create a whole individual in Maslow’s theory? SELF ACTUALISATION NEEDS
- Self actualisation
- creativity
- problem solving
- authenticity
- spontaneity
Does Maslow’s H of Needs Theory assume that basic needs must be satisfied before higher needs can be met?
Yes
What results in PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS NOT being met?
Acute or chonic illness/death
What results in SAFETY AND SEC NEEDS NOT being met?
DEVIANT-
Addictions, delinquency, mental and behavioural disorders, crime often follows teens and early adulthood
What results in 3rd needs not being met?
Belonging love and social needs
The DEPENDANT
Mental disorders addictions co dependency
What is the result if ESTEEM NEEDS aren’t met?
Isolate self
Withdrawn into own world and career
Seeks recognition in inappropriate ways
What is the result if SELF ACTUALISATION NEEDs aren’t met?
Person remains unsatisfied and unfulfilled in life.
Drift from job to job
Guru to guru
