U4 AOS2 Promoting global health (2) Flashcards
(36 cards)
Tabitha foundation Cambodia: Water source program
Provides safe, clean, and reliable water. The dry seasons of Cambodia leave Cambodians without clean water for up to 6 months, therefore this program builds three types of wells, with the well chosen depending on the type and quality of water available. Water scarcity in dry seasons causing food insecurity, and typically water is at a 3km distance. The provision of a well means that families can send children to school, attend to their crops and sell excess produce such as tomatoes even in the dry season generating income.
Tabitha foundation Cambodia: House building program
Encourages volunteer teams to travel to Cambodia to build houses for very poor families. Community elders help the Tabitha staff to choose the neediest families who own land where the house will be built and contribute a small amount towards building materials. This program is continuously beneficial as builders are able to earn income by working which helps to break the cycle of poverty, and a safe house and access to clear water provides protection and sanitation thus improving health and wellbeing.
List the types of aid
Bilateral, multilateral, and humanitarian or emergency aid;
Define emergency aid
The rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relive suffering, during and after human-made emergencies such as wars and natural disasters (such as a flood, tsunami, or earthquake).
What is the purpose of emergency aid?
To provide immediate relief in the area to effectively address needs by seeking to save lives, reduce suffering by meeting the needs of those affected.
Provide examples of emergency aid
Medical and emergency personnel, sanitation, medicine, food, clean water, and or temporary shelter.
Outline the characteristics of emergency aid
A short-term, rapid solution providing an immediate and initial response to ensure that the needs of those affected can be met through the provision of basic supplies.
Outline the strengths and limitations of emergency aid
S: Provides immediate relief, and ensures basic needs are met.
L: Rarely addresses long-term health issues, or the underlying cause of the health issues present, therefore it becomes unable to be a sustainable in the long-term.
Define bilateral aid
Aid that is given by the government of one country directly to the government of another country that usually happens between high-and low-income countries.
What is the purpose of bilateral aid?
To work with and provide other countries with the assistance they need to promote health and wellbeing at a sustainable economic growth and prosperity level through a consultative process. It builds relationships between countries to form strategic and political trade partnerships.
Provide examples of bilateral aid
At a small scale this can include immunization programs, and at a large scale this can include improving water supply through the provision of dams or irrigation systems.
Outline the characteristics of bilateral aid
A long-term focus on development that includes the provision of essential infrastructure such as providing electricity, improving water supplies, it has a focus on education such as building schools, or building civil society such as providing governance and support.
Outline the strengths and limitations of bilateral aid
S: Provides investments for projects which would otherwise have not been possible, and when aid is provided from one government to another it strengthens responsible and accountable government.
L: It may focus on urban areas and neglect rural villages where aid is mostly needed, and it may be taken by corrupt officials and redirected for their own use. Additionally, the goods and services provided to the receiving country are often products of the companies from the donating country, thereby favouring the economy of that country.
Define multilateral aid
Combines donations from international organizations such as the WHO, the UN or the World Bank and from a number of high-income countries and then distributes them to the recipients, who are usually middle- and low-income countries.
Outline the purpose of multilateral aid
Large-scale programs focused on global health nd wellbeing, and sustainable development. To reach and impact the lives of many lives. Provided to those most in need.
Provide examples of multilateral aid
Medical programs such as large-scale vaccinations to reduce the burden of disease such as polio.
Outline the characteristics of multilateral aid
Provided by international organisations such as the UN or World Bank, and it is funded by donations from a number of countries.
Outline the strengths and limitations of multilateral aid
S: Encourages cooperation and goodwill between nations, and due to combined funds, and greater impact is able to be generated enabling larger projects are able to be achieved.
L: Bureaucracy can delay funds from arriving, and it can be less cost effective as up to 30% is spent on administration costs.
Gender equality and empowering women and girls
Addressing the core issues such as gender equality and women’s empowerment that if abolished will lead to security, stability, and full health and wellbeing especially seen in the Indo-Pacific region.
Examples of Australia’s work in gender equality and empowering women and girls
Working with women and girls who have been the victims of violence, providing counselling and support, emergency housing and legal advice, in countries such as Papua New Guinea or Fiji.
Infrastructure trade facilitation and international competitiveness
Australia’s commitment to addressing the needs of inadequate infrastructure that affects trade opportunities and international competitiveness. Infrastructure such as reliable roads, energy, and transport all have the ability to foster sustainable economic growth and trade and investment opportunities.
Examples of Australia’s work in Infrastructure trade facilitation and international competitiveness
A focus on roads, including maintenance of existing roads and the construction of new roads, rail and airports. Microfinance to support the development of new businesses.
Effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies
Australia’s investment in building governance systems that positively influence the ability of governments to develop and implement good policy that allow citizens to have access to basic services to flourish therefore having a direct role in promoting stability and peace, encouraging economic growth, and poverty reduction.
Examples of Australia’s work in effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies
Increasing women’s leadership roles and political participation in municipal councils in Vanuatu.
