U4 Study Guide

Question 1

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 1

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 2

Chemical bonds are what form of energy?

Answer 2

Potential energy

Question 3

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

Answer 3

All energy is moving to its lowest level. Entropy.

Question 4

Living cells can convert potential energy into what?

Answer 4

Kinetic energy

Question 5

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 5

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 6

If a phosphate is removed from ATP, the result is a lower energy _____ molecule.

Answer 6

ADP

Question 7

ATP is or is not a fuel.

Answer 7

is not

Question 8

All living things get their energy from the _____

Answer 8

Sun

Question 9

The _____ is the site of ATP production.

Answer 9

Mitochondria

Question 10

The average human uses _____kg of ATP per day.

Answer 10

40

Question 11

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose, obtained from the food we eat, into what molecule?

Answer 11

Pyruvic acid

Question 12

A substance that changes the reaction rate of a chemical, but is not used or changed is called a _____.

Answer 12

catalyst

Question 13

You should be able to identify the high energy bonds in a diagram of an ATP molecule.

Answer 13

Can you?

Question 14

The dark reaction takes place in _____

Answer 14

Stroma

Question 15

Light is what kind of energy?

Answer 15

Radiant

Question 16

The process of fermentation creates 4 ATP and what?

Answer 16

Lactic acid or alcohol

Question 17

The citric acid/Krebs cycle releases energy for what?

Answer 17

The attachment of a phosphate to an ADP

Question 18

ATP/ADP are used or recycled?

Answer 18

Recycled

Question 19

Fucoxanthins are brown pigments, therefore they absorb all but what color?

Answer 19

Brown

Question 20

The anaerobic process that takes place in your muscles produces what by-product?

Answer 20

Lactic acid

Question 21

A protein that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(n) ______?

Answer 21

Enzyme

Question 22

What do enzymes do in the Krebs/citric acid cycle?

Answer 22

Break molecules from a 6 carbon molecule to a 4 carbon molecule.

Question 23

Catalase breaks down what substrate?

Answer 23

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 24

The light reaction does or does not need light to work?

Answer 24

Does

Question 25

Enzymes are what type of biological molecule?

Answer 25

Protein

Question 26

In photosynthesis, the electrons of atoms in chlorophyll are raised to the next orbit by what?

Answer 26

Sunlight

Question 27

What is the hydrogen ion "holder" that stores hydrogen ions that are released during the citric acid cycle.

Answer 27

NAD

Question 28

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose, obtained from the food we eat, into 2, _____ carbon molecules.

Answer 28

3

Question 29

Glycolysis takes place where?

Answer 29

Cytoplasm

Question 30

How many ATP are formed from each glucose molecule?

Answer 30

38

Question 31

Respiration that takes place without oxygen is called _____.

Answer 31

Anaerobic

Question 32

When a cell breaks down glucose, they release what?

Answer 32

CO2

Question 33

The products of photosynthesis are what?

Answer 33

Oxygen and glucose

Question 34

A reactant in the Calvin Cycle is what?

Answer 34

Carbon dioxide

Question 35

The maximum number of ATP molecules produced by aerobic respiration is what?

Answer 35

38

Question 36

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid is called what?

Answer 36

Glycolysis

Question 37

The part of photosynthesis that has to have light is called what?

Answer 37

Light reaction

Question 38

The part of photosynthesis that does not need light is called what?

Answer 38

Dark reaction

Question 39

Another name for the use of light to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water is what?

Answer 39

Photosynthesis

Question 40

Do you know the metric system?

Answer 40

Yes or no.

Question 41

Do you know the fields of science?

Answer 41

Yes or no.

Question 42

Do you know the study guides from units 1, 2, and 3.

Answer 42

Yes or no.