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2S LABMAN > U8: EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY MANAGEMENT > Flashcards

U8: EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Flashcards

1
Q

necessary to ensure accurate, reliable and timely testing

A

Equipment Management

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2
Q

This involves all analyzers, all instrumentation used for laboratory testing.

A

Equipment

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3
Q

This generally pertains to supplies such as those that we use for analytical runs, and office supplies.

A

Inventory

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4
Q

T/F: A laboratory automation platform has a lot of equipment or analyzers into one modular and scalable system.

A

T

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5
Q

This is composed of several modules or components, analyzers in one complex system

A

Modular

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6
Q

It can be just include one equipment, model or unit, but can also contain several equipment which we can make adjustments depending on volume of the tests coming inside the laboratory.

A

Scalar

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7
Q

T/F: Equipment management will always aim to aid medical technologists in a timely, accurate, and reliable testing of specimen.

A

T

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8
Q

T/F: Nowadays, the goal in the laboratory is to attain total automation of laboratory processes.

A

T

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9
Q

What will possibly be eliminated with total automation?

A

Operator, Operator Differences, Subjectivity

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10
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

helps to maintain a high level of?

A

laboratory performance

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11
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

This refers to being able to deliver the laboratory test results in an accurate or reliable, and timely manner.

A

high level of laboratory performance

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12
Q

Number of laboratory tests or specimens coming inside the laboratory for testing

A

Census

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13
Q

T/F: Even if the census is maintained, high level of laboratory performance is affected by good equipment management.

A

T

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14
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

reduces v____ in test results and improves the technologist’s
c________ in the a____ of testing results

A

variation, confidence, accuracy

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15
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

lowers r____ c_____, fewer repairs will be needed for a well-maintained instrument

A

repair costs

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16
Q

T/F: More repairs will be needed for a well-maintained instrument.

A

F ; fewer

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17
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

This is helpful in achieving the benefit related to repairs. It refers to the checking of equipment before anticipated problem occurs (feedforward control)

A

Preventive Maintenance Plan

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18
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

In this plan, you may see the signs and if the equipment will have downtime which will lead to elimination of possible repairs.

A

Preventive Maintenance Plan

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19
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

lengthens instrument l____

A

life

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20
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

reduces i_____ of s____ due to breakdowns and failures

A

interruption of services

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21
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

This is used when there are equipment breakdowns, malfunctions or failures. “Walang nagagawa”, worst case scenario in the laboratory.

A

Downtime

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22
Q

Good equipment management does not only focus on the integrity of the machine. It also considers what?

A

provisions for backup

it is not ensured na hindi masira ang equipment

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23
Q

Who operates the total lab automation?

A
  • Middleware
  • Software/Internal Software
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24
Q

What are the purposes of similar units?

A
  • Backup
  • To be able to respond to high demands in testing
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25
Q

This is the capability of the machines to release results, commonly expressed per hour.

A

Through put (?)

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26
Q

T/F: Similar units are preferred in the laboratory.

A

T

backup and maiiwasan ang complete downtime since one other unit is performing the same function

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27
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

increases s_____ for workers

A

safety

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28
Q

Benefits of Good Equipment Management

produces greater c_____ s_____

A

customer satisfaction

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29
Q

Equipment Management: Program Considerations

A
  • Selection and purchasing
  • Installation
  • Calibration and performance evaluation
  • Maintenance
  • Troubleshooting
  • Service and repair
  • Retiring and disposing of equipment
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30
Q

Criteria to consider:

  • Why and how will the equipment be used? The instrument should be
    matched against the service the laboratory provides.
  • What are the performance characteristics of the instrument? Is it sufficiently
    accurate and reproducible to suit the needs of the testing to be done?
A

Selecting equipment

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31
Q

Criteria to consider:

  • What are the facility requirements, including the requirements for physical
    space?
  • Will the cost of the equipment be within the laboratory’s budget?
  • Will reagents be readily available?
A

Selecting equipment

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32
Q

Criteria to consider:

  • Will reagents be provided free of charge for a limited period of time? If so,
    for how long?
  • How easy will it be for staff to operate?
  • Will instructions be available in a language that is understood?
A

Selecting equipment

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33
Q

Criteria to consider:

  • Is there a retailer for the equipment in the country, with available services?
  • Does the equipment have a warranty?
  • Are there any safety issues to consider?
A

Selecting equipment

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34
Q

Things to consider:

  • Is it better to purchase or lease equipment?
  • factor in repair costs
  • manufacturer should provide all of the necessary information to operate and
    maintain equipment
  • Consider savings that could be negotiated if the laboratory needs more than
    one piece of equipment
A

Acquiring equipment

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35
Q

Periodic payments are made, usually for 3 to 5 years.

A

Lease Plans

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36
Q

Purchased or leased for
longer periods at reduced
rate.

A

Lease Plans

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37
Q

Periodic payments are made, without purchase option

A

Rental Plans

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38
Q

The equipment is returned, another rental is agreed or it is metered

A

Rental Plans

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39
Q

Acquiring equipment

wiring d_____, computer software information, a list of parts needed, and an o_____ m______ are provided

A

diagrams, operator’s manual

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40
Q

Acquiring equipment

Who will install the equipment, train staff as part of the purchase price?

A

The manufacturer

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41
Q

Acquiring equipment

This includes a trial period to verify that the instrument performs as expected

A

Warranty

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42
Q

Acquiring equipment

This can be included in the contract and, if so, whether maintenance is provided on a regular basis

A

Manufacturer’s maintenance

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43
Q

Acquisition of new equipment justifications

equipment can not be repaired or excessive cost of repair results in unacceptable delays

A

Replacement

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44
Q

Acquisition of new equipment justifications

volume increase justifies either automation or additional personnel

A

Increased Workload

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45
Q

Acquisition of new equipment justifications

reduction of operational expenses state primarily in terms of personnel and supplies

A

Cost reduction

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46
Q

Acquisition of new equipment justifications

better patient care

A

New and / or improved methodology

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47
Q

Priority of needs

needed immediately to maintain quality patient care

A

Essential

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48
Q

Priority of needs

as “essential” but greater leeway with regard to time of acquisition

A

Necessary

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49
Q

Priority of needs

means of reducing cost

A

Desirable

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50
Q

Priority of needs

means of improving general working condition

A

Others

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51
Q

This verify that all physical requirements (electrical, space, doors, ventilation and water supply) have been met

A

Installing equipment

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52
Q

Consider vendor’s responsibilities for installation should be confirmed in writing prior to beginning the installation process

A

Installing equipment

53
Q

checklist of the expected performance specifications should be developed, so that performance can be quickly verified as soon as the equipment is installed

A

Installing equipment

54
Q

Assign responsibility for performing the maintenance and operation programs

A

Getting equipment ready for use

55
Q

Develop a system for recording the use of parts and supplies.

A

Getting equipment ready for use

56
Q

Implement a written plan for calibration, performance verification, and proper operation of the equipment

A

Getting equipment ready for use

57
Q

Establish a scheduled maintenance program that includes daily, weekly and monthly maintenance tasks

A

Getting equipment ready for use

58
Q

Provide training for all operators

A

Getting equipment ready for use

59
Q

T/F: Only personnel who have been trained specifically to properly use the equipment should be authorized as operators

A

T

60
Q

Follow the manufacturer’s directions carefully when performing the initial calibration of the instrument

A

Equipment Calibration

61
Q

Calibrate the instrument with each test run, when first putting it into service

A

Equipment Calibration

62
Q

Determine how often the instrument will need to be recalibrated, based on its stability and the manufacturer’s recommendation

A

Equipment Calibration

63
Q

T/F: Prior to testing patient specimens, it is important to evaluate the performance of new equipment to ensure it is working correctly even without respect to accuracy and precision

A

F ; with respect

64
Q

This is needed to be evaluated for
the ability to detect disease and to determine normal and reportable ranges.

A

Test methods using kits or laboratory instruments

65
Q

Prior to testing patient specimens, it is important to evaluate the performance of new equipment to ensure it is working correctly with respect to accuracy and precision.

A

Performance Evaluation

66
Q

What are the parameters being tested to detect disease?

A
  • Sensitivity
  • Specificity
  • Positive and negative predictive value
67
Q

Selecting equipment

This refers to analytical characteristics like accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, strength against interferences.

A

Performance characteristics

68
Q

Selecting equipment

Usually found on package insert of machine, or reagent used in the machine, or operator’s manual. It is dependent on the test of analyzer.

A

Performance characteristics

69
Q

Selecting equipment

What is checked for precision?

A

Coefficient of Variation (equal or less than 2% for electrolytes)

70
Q

Selecting equipment

Usual parameters that we check:

A
  • Reproducibility
  • Accuracy
  • Precision
71
Q

Selecting equipment

Look for the Coefficient of Variation

A

Reproducibility

72
Q

Selecting equipment

Look for Coefficient of Correlation or Determination (R or R2)

A

Accuracy

73
Q

Selecting equipment

Where are reagents usually produced?

A

Other countries

74
Q

Selecting equipment

This refers to the time by which the reagents can be delivered to the country.

A

Lead time

75
Q

T/F: Always pick the reagents with shortest lead time.

A

T

76
Q

Selecting equipment

Buying the reagent for a higher price, but will be provided by the equipment. Upgraded by the manufacturer kasi hindi naman yan sayo !

A

Reagent tie up (?)

77
Q

T/F: Modern equipment is designed as plug and play.

A

T

78
Q

This includes:

  • preventive maintenance
  • provision for inventory
  • troubleshooting
  • repair of equipment
A

Maintenance plan

79
Q

Implementing an equipment maintenance program

comes before a failure, while the equipment is in operating condition

A

Preventive Maintenance

80
Q

Implementing an equipment maintenance program

applies to unscheduled maintenance, comes after the instrument has failed

A

Repair

81
Q

Implementing an equipment maintenance program

assurance that the instrument measures certain parameters within specified tolerance, considered part of preventive maintenance

A

Calibration

82
Q

Initial steps in implementing equipment maintenance program

assigning responsibility for providing o_____

A

oversight

83
Q

Initial steps in implementing equipment maintenance program

developing written p____and p______ for maintaining equipment, including r_____ m______ p_____ for each piece of equipment that specify the frequency with which all maintenance tasks should be performed

A

policies and procedures, routine maintenance plans

84
Q

Initial steps in implementing equipment maintenance program

developing the format for r_____, creating l___ and f___, and establishing the processes to maintain records

A

records, log and forms

85
Q

Initial steps in implementing equipment maintenance program

training staff on the u__ and m______ of the equipment, and ensuring that all staff understand their specific responsibilities

A

use and maintenance

86
Q

This includes measures such as systematic and routine cleaning, adjustment and replacement of equipment parts at scheduled intervals

A

Preventive maintenance

87
Q

T/F: Preventive maintenance should be performed at regular intervals: daily, weekly, monthly or yearly

A

T

88
Q

T/F: Preventive maintenance ensures that the equipment performs at maximum efficiency and will increase the lifespan of the equipment

A

T

89
Q

Preventive maintenance helps prevent:

A
  • inaccurate test results due to equipment failure
  • delays in reporting results
  • low productivity
  • large repair costs
90
Q

T/F: Laboratory should keep an inventory log of all equipment in the laboratory

A

T

91
Q

L___ should be updated with information on new equipment and include documentation of when old equipment is retired. This is under?

A

Log, equipment inventory

92
Q

Equipment Inventory

Each piece of equipment should have a record of:

A
  • instrument type
  • make and model number
  • serial number
  • date the equipment
  • new, used or reconditioned
  • manufacturer/vendor contact information
93
Q

Equipment Inventory

Each piece of equipment should have a record of:

A
  • presence or absence of documentation
  • spare parts
  • maintenance contract
  • warranty’s expiration date
  • specific inventory number (year of acquisition)
94
Q

Needed when the operator notices changes such as:
* drift in quality control or calibrator values
* obvious flaws in equipment function
* equipment fails to operate

A

Troubleshooting the equipment

95
Q

Questions to consider:

  • Is the problem related to a poor sample? Has the sample been collected and
    stored properly? Are factors such as turbidity or coagulation affecting
    instrument performance?
  • Is there a problem with the reagents? Have they been stored properly, and
    are they still in date? Have new lot numbers been introduced without
    updating instrument calibration?
A

Troubleshooting the equipment

96
Q

Questions to consider:

  • Is there a problem with the water or electrical supply?
  • Is there a problem with the equipment?
A

Troubleshooting the equipment

97
Q

If problems cannot be identified and corrected in-house, attempt to find a way to continue testing until the equipment can be repaired:

Arrange to have access to b_____ i________

A

Backup instruments

98
Q

If problems cannot be identified and corrected in-house, attempt to find a way to continue testing until the equipment can be repaired:

Ask the manufacturer to provide a r____i______ during repairs

A

Replacement instrument

99
Q

Samples must be sent to a nearby laboratory for testing in accordance with what administrative order for specimen referral?

A

DOH AO 2007-027

100
Q

T/F: You should not use faculty equipment. Seek help from the manufacturer and place a note on the equipment so all the staff are aware that it is not in use.

A

T

101
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

Set up a procedure for s_______ s_______ that must be periodically performed by the manufacturer

A

Scheduling service

102
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

Some w______ require that repairs be handled only by the manufacturer

A

warranties

103
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

Repairs are best done by?

A

Biomedical engineer

104
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

Some large facilities have this, and perform equipment maintenance and repair

A

Biomedical service technicians inhouse

105
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

This should be scheduled to not interrupt the flow of work

A

Routine service

106
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

What is given to the laboratory by the biomedical engineer ahead of time?

A

Preventive Maintenance Plan

107
Q

This occurs when the instrument is: not functioning, not repairable, outmoded and should be replaced with new equipment

A

Retiring and Disposing of Equipment

108
Q

Fully retired equipment should be disposed in an appropriate manner so that it will:

A
  • not accumulate
  • Take up valuable space
  • Create hazard
109
Q

Retiring and Disposing of Equipment

S_____ any u_____ p___, particularly if the equipment is being replaced with another similar one

A

Salvage, Usable parts

110
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

Parts of the analyzer that you can save

A
  • reagent probes
  • Specimen probes
  • Cover of carousel
111
Q

T/F: Biosafety cabinets must be decontaminated first before disposal.

A

T

112
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

This is used for handling infectious/disease agents like bacteria, fungi, viruses.

A

Biosafety cabinets

113
Q

Service and Repair of Equipment

Decontamination of biosafety cabinets must be done for how many hours and what equipment?

A

24 hours, UV light

114
Q

Each major piece of equipment will have its own?

A

Equipment Maintenance Document

115
Q

Smaller, commonly used equipment such as centrifuges and pipettes may be managed with an?

A

Equipment maintenance document or manual that deals with all such equipments in the laboratory

116
Q

Equipment Maintenance Document

Step-by-step instructions for?

A

Routine maintenance

117
Q

Equipment Maintenance Document

Routine maintenance includes?

A
  • frequency of performance
  • How to keep records of maintenance instructions for carrying out function checks
  • How to record results
118
Q

Equipment Maintenance Document

Directions for?

A

Calibrating the instrument

119
Q

Equipment Maintenance Document

Guide for?

A

Troubleshooting

120
Q

Equipment Maintenance Document

Any required manufacturer’s?

A

Service and repair

121
Q

Equipment Maintenance Document

List of any specific items needed for?

A

Use and maintenance (spare parts)

122
Q

T/F: One equipment maintenance document is enough for each type or each model of equipment.

A

T

123
Q

This is the uninterrupted availability of reagents, supplies, and services is needed for efficient and cost-effective laboratory operations.

A

Purchasing and Supplies Inventory Management

124
Q

This pertains to things needed other than the analyzers like office supplies, reagents, etc.

A

Purchasing and Supplies Inventory Management

125
Q

Benefits of Purchasing and Supplies Inventory Management

Supplies and reagent are always?

A

Available when needed

The lab operates 24/7

126
Q

Benefits of Purchasing and Supplies Inventory Management

________ reagents are obtained at an appropriate cost.

A

High-quality reagents

127
Q

Benefits of Purchasing and Supplies Inventory Management

Reagents and supplies are not lost due to i_____ s____, or kept and used beyond expiration.

A

Improper storage

128
Q

Purchasing and Supplies Inventory Management can imply a good f______ system on levels of supplies.

A

forecasting

2S LABMAN (2 decks)

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