UCBF 10a Flashcards
Assyria
A Mesopotamian world power in the second and first millennia BCe. Its capital cities included Ashur and Nineveh. The Assyrian empire conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel in 722 BCe and exiled its people.
Babylonian Exile
The forced relocation of some of the population of Judah, especially the elite, after the conquest by Babylonia in the early sixth century BCe. The exile ended with the permitted return to the land under Cyrus in 538 BCe.
Cyrus
King of Persia (559–530 BCe). He defeated Media in 550 and conquered most of the ancient Near East, including Babylonia, allowing the Jewish exiles in Babylonia to return to Judah in 538 BCe
Exile
The forced removal of a people from its land, and the community in which they lived in the foreign land.
Latter Prophets (Hebrew bible)
The canonical division of Nevi’im that includes the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets
The Nevi’im / Nebi’im (Hebrew bible)
The Prophets, the second division of the Hebrew Bible, subdivided into the Former Prophets and the Latter Prophets
Northern Kingdom
One of two major tribal groups that split off from the kingdom of Israel after Solomon’s death. This newly formed kingdom was itself called Israel, and in some texts also Ephraim, after its largest tribe: Benjamin.
Persian period
The era from 539 to 333 BCe, from Cyrus until Alexander.
Prophet
The Septuagint translation of nabi’ (“one who is called”), the standard Heb term for prophet. Synonyms include “seer,” “man of God,” and “visionary.”
Prophetic lawsuit
A literary form in the prophets and elsewhere in which the people are accused of breaking their covenant with God.
School of prophets
Term for the followers of a prophet, who preserved the prophet’s words and, it is presumed, applied them to new situations as they arose.
Babylonia
A Mesopotamian world power. It often competed against Assyria, which it conquered in 612 BCe. Its major city was Babylon (Akkadian “gate of the gods”). Its main god became Marduk. Babylonia destroyed Jerusalem in 586, and was conquered by the Persian king Cyrus the Great in 539.
Major Prophets (Hebrew bible)
A convenient title for the three longest prophetic books, Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel (in Christian Bibles, also Daniel); in contrast to Minor Prophets (see)
Minor Prophets (Hebrew bible)
The twelve shorter prophetic books from Hosea to Malachi, seen as a collection; also known as the Book of the Twelve
Southern Kingdom
One of two major tribal groups that split off from the kingdom of Israel after Solomon’s death. They forsaked their inheritance and created their own kingdom. The Kingdom of Judah – also known as the House of Judah.
