UL1 Pectoral/introduction To Axilla Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the confines of the mammary glands
Superficial fascia and into the the axilla/armpit
What do the suspensory ligaments do
Act as walls to sepparate the breast into 15-20 lobes that contain milk glands
How does milk drain
Duct
Via the lactiferous duct
What is a lobectomy
A procedure to remove a single lobe
What is the retromammary space
Clinical relavence
A layer of loose connective tissue separating the breast from the deep fascia that allows for movement of the breast
Tumors can invade the deep fascia and pastoralists major leading to fixation of the breast to the thoracic wall
What is the blood supply to the mammary gland
- Internal thoracic artery (from the subclavian)
- Lateral thoracic artery (axillary artery)
- Thoracoacromial artery (axillary artery)
Lymph drainage tot he mammary gland:
Anterior and Parasternal nodes
Anterior nodes drain the lateral breast and receive 75% of the lymph from the breast
Parasternal Nodes: drain the medial breast and receive 25% of the lymph from the breast
Pectoralis major O I N A
O:
clavicular head=clavicle
Sternocostal head=sternum and costal cartilages 1-6
I: lateral lip of the bicipital groove (intertubercular sulcus of humerous)
N: lateral+medial pectoral nerves (from brachial plexus)
A: medially rotate arm/adduct arm
Pecroralis minor O I A N
O: 3-5th ribs near cartilages
I: corocoid process of the scapula
A: depresses scapula: elevates ribs of origin to assist in respiration when the shoulder is fixed
N: medial pectoral
Serratus anterior O I A N
O: upper 8 ribs
I: medial border of the scapula
A: rotates scapula: draws scapula forward around the thoracic wall: holds the scapula against the thoracic wall
N: long thoracic (nerve to the serratus anterior)
Subclavius O I A N
O: 1st costal cartillage
I: inferior surface of the clavicle
A: anchors and depresses clavicle during upper limb movements
Winged scapula
Clinical correlation
Results from damage to the long thoracic nerve and the serratus anterior no longer holds the scapula to the thoracic wall
What does the claviopectoral fascia do
- Invests pectoralis minor and subclavius muscles
2. Protects underlying nerves of brachial plexus and axillary vessels
What structures pierce the claviopectoral fascia
- Cephalic vein
- Thoracoacromial artery
- Lateral pectoral nerve
Claviopectoral triangle contents, borders, and what protects it
Contents: cephalic vein and tip of the coracoid process of scapula
Borders: deltoid, pectoralis major, and the clavicle
Protected by: pectoral fascia
Posterior border of the axilla
- Scapula
- Subscapularis
- Insertion of latissimus dorsi
- Teres major
Lateral border of the axilla
- Intertubercular groove of he humerous
Medial border of the axilla
- Upper 4-5 ribs
- Intercostal muscles
- Serratus anterior muscle
Anterior border of the axilla
- Pectoralis major
2. Pectoralis minor
Axillary artery 3 divisions
1st: begins at the lateral margin of rib 1
2nd part lies underneath the pectoralis minor
3rd part ends at inferior margin of teres major
Branches of the axillary artery
1st part 1 branch
1st part branch 1: superior thoracic artery
Branches of the axillary artery
2nd part 2 branches
2nd part 1st branch: thoracoacromial artery
2nd part 2nd branch: lateral thoracic artery
Branches of the axillary
3rd part has 3 branches
3 part first branch
Subscapular artery which branches to the
1 circumflex scapular artery
2 thoracodorsal artery
2nd branch: anterior circumflex numeral artery
3rd branch: posterior circumflex numeral artery
Axillary vein location and branches
Located medial to the axillary artery
Branches into cephalic vein
Becomes the basilic vein in the arm
