ultrasound and imaging of the KUB

Question 1

layer of fat surrounding the fibrous capsule and fills up the area in the renal sinus

Answer 1

Perirenal fat

Question 2

fibroareolar sheath surrounding the kidney and perirenal fat

Answer 2

Renal fascia of Gerota

Question 3

fat that surrounds the renal fascia, more abundant
posteriorly and at the lower pole, fills up
paravertebral gutter and forms a cushion of kidney

Answer 3

Pararenal fat

Question 4

parts of the kidney

Answer 4

Cortex
medulla
Hilum

Question 5

2 parts of cortex

Answer 5

cortical arches

renal columns of Bertin

Question 6

a depression located in the middle of the concave side of the kidney where blood vessels, nerves and ureters enter and exits the kidney

Answer 6

Hilum

Question 7

25-30 cm in length and 2-8 mm diameter muscular tubes that extend from the kidney to the posterior surface of the urinary bladder

Answer 7

Ureter

Question 8

Membranomuscular sac which act as reservoir for urine

Answer 8

urinary bladder

Question 9

bladder neck in males is fixed by

Answer 9

puboprostatic ligament

Question 10

bladder neck in females is fixed by

Answer 10

pubovesicle ligament

Question 11

Also known as KUB x-ray

Answer 11

plain abdominal radiograph

Question 12

why is KUB sx-ray done after bowel cleansing

Answer 12

to adequately visualiz renal shadows

Question 13

what gives lucent outline to the kidneys

Answer 13

perirenal fat

Question 14

test of rena function

Answer 14

Intravenous Pyelogram or Excretory urography

Question 15

this type of imaging is usually done in OR setting

Answer 15

retrograde pyelography

Question 16

used to detect normalcy of ureter distoal to the level of the bifurcation

Answer 16

retrograde pyelography

Question 17

disadvantages of retrograde pyelography

Answer 17

Ascending infection
Perforation with hemorrhage
Post manipulative stricture or fibrosis

Question 18

used to deineate solid from cystic masses

Answer 18

ultrasound

Question 19

used to asses kidney size

Answer 19

ultrasound

Question 20

Assess organ vascularity, tumor vascularity and extension of tumors into the venous system

Answer 20

organ doppler

Question 21

Performed to evaluate the anatomy and physiology of the bladder and urethra

Answer 21

Voiding cystourethrogram

Question 22

VCUG is the most accurate method in demonstrating

Answer 22

vesicoureteral reflux

Question 23

Imaging of choice for the evaluation of hematuria and screening examination of the pelvocalyceal system

Answer 23

CT urogram

Question 24

optimal evaluation of the renal parenchyma with satisfactory assessment of the

Answer 24

collecting system, ureters and bladder

Question 25

what makes CT urogram a high quality diagnostic study

Answer 25

improved contrast and resolution and demonstration of soft tissues

Question 26

Substitute for CT when CT is equivocal or use of iodinated contrast agent is contraindicated

Answer 26

MR urogram

Question 27

MR urogram is effective in evaluation of the

Answer 27

uroepithelium

Question 28

MRI can characterize

Answer 28

extremely small renal cysts

Question 29

renal colic is caused by

Answer 29

obstructing ureteral calculus

Question 30

most common cause of acute flank pain

Answer 30

renal colic

Question 31

Classic appearance of ureterolithiasis

Answer 31

High attenuation stone within the ureter associated with proximal dilatation and distal contraction of the ureter

Question 32

urolithiasis is best seen at

Answer 32

IVp

Question 33

Detects most calculi regardless of calcium content

Answer 33

CT

Question 34

refleux grade 1

Answer 34

into a nondilated ureter

Question 35

reflux grade 2

Answer 35

into pelvis and calyces without dilatation

Question 36

reflux grade 3

Answer 36

mild to moderate ureteropelvocaliectasia with minimal blunting of the fornices

Question 37

reflux grade 4

Answer 37

moderate ureteral tortuosity and diatation of the pelvocayceal system

Question 38

reflux grade 5

Answer 38

Gross ureteropelvocaliectasia and ureteral tortuousity with loss of papillary impression

Question 39

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

Answer 39

CYSTITIS

Question 40

why is cystitis more common in women

Answer 40

Because of a shorter urethra

Question 41

radiologic finding is cystitis

Answer 41

thickened and irregular urinary bladder wall

Question 42

Chronic cystitis causes

Answer 42

irreguarity in the UB wall

Question 43

chronic cystitis forms

Answer 43

cellules and diverticua