umar Flashcards
learn umar (13 cards)
Who nominated Caliph Hazrat Umar?
Nominated by Abu Bakr and everyone accepted.
What happened during the Battle of Jasr?
defeat of jaban and narsi scare rustam
collect large army under bahman jadooya
shabaan 12 ah
armies meet at river bridge of boats
Abu Ubaidah decided to cross the river
Horses went out of control as they had never seen Persian Elephants
Ordered to cut howdahs to kill Persians
Elephants trampled so Muslim commanders died one by one
Bridge was also cut by a man from banu thaqif
4000 Muslims died
What happened at battle jalula
yazdgard hather forces at jalula
imp cuz iraq and azerbaijan
saad bin abi waqas wrote to umar
umar appoint hashim ibn uthba
30,000 troops
persians dig ditches to defend themself
seige for 7 months b4 surrender
What strategy was used in the Battle of Nahwand?
(Muslims) – led by Nu’man ibn Muqrin
(Persians) – led by Farrukhzad
What happened?
The Persians had a strong defensive position.
muharram 19
fight 2 days no win
Muslims pretended to retreat, tricking the Persians into leaving their fort.
Once the Persians came out, Muslims attacked and defeated them.
The Sassanian Empire collapsed.
Ended Sassanian resistance.
Persia became part of the Islamic world.
Called the “Victory of Victories” by Muslims.
noman died
What was the Battle of Yurmuk?
abu bakr sent 4 divisions first but then umar sent khalid bin waleed w 10,000
240,000 persians 36,000 muslims
muslims camp infront of romans no way out cuz river and mountain
no unify command of muslims so 4 =1
38 regiments
18 middle - abu ubaidah bin jarrah
10 right and left under shurahbeel and yazid
persians run into river
win
What was significant about the fall of Jerusalem?
Citizens surrendered on the condition that Hazrat Umar should come, leading to a treaty.
What was the outcome of the conquest of Egypt?
Fustat surrendered after a 7-month siege, and Alexandria was conquered after Heraclius died.
What led to the martyrdom of Hazrat Umar?
Firoz, a Persian slave, struck Umar with a dagger during morning prayer, leading to his death.
What administrative changes did Hazrat Umar implement?
Established Majlis-e-shura, judiciary, and introduced new taxes.
What was the role of a wali in Hazrat Umar’s administration?
Each province was placed under a wali who was the military and religious head.
What freedoms were granted to non-Muslims under Hazrat Umar?
Non-Muslims were given freedom, and the old, poor, and disabled were exempted from paying Jizya.
What infrastructure developments occurred during Hazrat Umar’s rule?
Built towns and roads.
describe what happened at namaraq
abu ubaidahs first battle against jaban
jaban captured by a muslim who did not recognise him and set free
persians who fled namaraq join narsi
muslims won
