Understanding AWS Core Services Flashcards
1
Q
What are three methods for interacting with AWS core services?
A
- AWS Console
- AWS CLI
- AWS SDK
2
Q
The AWS Management Console is a ___________________________ and ______________________ based interface for interacting with most all of the 150+ AWS services. All major browsers and mobile operating systems are supported.
A
web, mobile app
3
Q
The AWS SDK is supported in what 9 languages?
A
- Java
- .NET
- node.js
- JavaScript (browser)
- PHP
- Python
- Ruby
- Go
9 C++
4
Q
What is Amazon EC2
A
Service that provides secure and resizable virtual servers.
5
Q
What is AWS Elastic Beanstalk?
A
Platform (PaaS) for scaling and deploying web apps and services across a specific list of technologies
6
Q
What is AWS Lambda?
A
Service that provides serverless computing capability.
7
Q
What is Amazon Route 53?
A
AWS Domain Name Service. It is a global service that can be used in a hybrid cloud environment.
8
Q
What is Amazon VPC?
A
Logically isolated section of the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you define
9
Q
What is AWS Direct Connect?
A
Cloud service solution that makes it easy to establish a dedicated network connection from your data center to AWS. This connection does not go over the public Internet.
10
Q
What is Amazon API Gateway?
A
Fully managed API management service that handles concepts like authentication, logging, and throttling for your API layer.
11
Q
What is Amazon CloudFront?
A
Amazon‘s global Content Delivery Network (CDN) service that enables your users to get content from a server that is closest to them. This is a global service.
12
Q
What is AWS Global Accelerator?
A
AWS networking service that routes traffic through the AWS global network, increasing the overall speed through optimizations by AWS.
13
Q
What is Elastic Load Balancing?
A
Service that enables you to distribute traffic across multiple targets (including EC2, ECS, Lambda).
14
Q
What is Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)?
A
Service that provides object storage for objects up to 5 TB in size - with no limit on the total storage
15
Q
What is S3 Glacier and Glacier Deep Archive?
A
Archive storage classes for Amazon S3. These are designed for objects you need to keep but don’t plan to access.
16
Q
What is Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS)?
A
Persistent block storage designed for use with a single EC2 server. It can scale to support petabytes of data and supports different volume types.
17
Q
What is Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)?
A
Fully managed NFS file system designed for Linux workloads with support for petabytes of data.
This service can be used in a hybrid cloud architecture.
18
Q
What is AWS Snowball?
A
Petabyte scale data transfer service where a physical device is delivered to your organization and returned by a local carrier then loaded into Amazon S3. This service can assist in data migration into the cloud from your data center.
19
Q
What is AWS Snowmobile?
A
Exabyte scale data transfer service where a ruggedized shipping container is sent to your office then loaded into Amazon S3. This service can assist in data migration into the cloud from your data center.
20
Q
What is Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)?
A
Managed pub/sub (publish / subscribe) messaging service. This can enable fan-out architecture with one message triggering multiple actions. This service is commonly used in a serverless architecture.
21
Q
What is Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)?
A
Managed message queue service. This can enable fault tolerant and serverless applications. This supports standard and FIFO (first-in first-out) queues. This service is commonly used in a serverless architecture.
22
Q
What do AWS Step Functions do?
A
Manage the orchestration of complex workflows which are defined using Amazon States Language. This service is commonly used in a serverless architecture.
23
Q
What is AWS CloudTrail?
A
Service that provides audit trail for all services used in an AWS account (across all interaction methods)
24
Q
What is AWS CloudFormation?
A
Managed service for launching infrastructure based on templates. This approach is known as infrastructure as code. CloudFormation also provides drift detection to know when infrastructure has veered from what is defined in the template.
25
What is AWS OpsWorks?
An infrastructure configuration management service that provides managed instances of Chef and Puppet. Used to automate the configuration and management of servers.
26
What is Amazon CloudWatch?
Monitoring and management service that integrates with most AWS services. It provides both metrics and alarms based on those metrics as well as logs
27
What does AWS Config provide?
Provides continual analysis of AWS resources to ensure they are meeting rules defined in the service
28
What is AWS Systems Manager?
A service that you can use to view and control your infrastructure on AWS.
Allows you to view operational data from multiple AWS services and automate operational tasks across your AWS resources.
29
What is AWS Control Tower?
System that launches a multi-account configuration based on AWS best practices
30
What is the Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS)?
Managed service for relational databases including support for MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Oracle, SQL Server, and Amazon Aurora
31
What is Amazon Aurora?
MySQL and PostgreSQL compatible database engine for RDS that was built for the cloud
32
What is Amazon Aurora Serverless for RDS?
An on-demand and auto-scaling version of Amazon Aurora that does not require managing the underlying infrastructure. This service is commonly used in a serverless architecture.
33
What is Amazon DynamoDB?
Fully managed NoSQL database service that has extremely low latency and scaling based on configuration. This service is commonly used in a serverless architecture.
34
What is Amazon Redshift?
Managed petabyte scale data warehousing solution on AWS
35
What is Amazon Redshift Spectrum?
Service for querying exabytes of data stored in Amazon S3
36
What is Amazon Elasticache
Fully-managed in-memory data store that supports memcached and Redis engines
37
What is AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)?
Service that enables you to move your data (from popular commercial and open source databases) easily onto the cloud. This service can assist in data migration into the cloud from your data center.
38
"___________ is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers.” - Amazon Web Services
EC2
EC2 provides virtual servers.
39
What are the four concepts that we need to know to launch an EC2 instance?
1. Instance Types
2. Root Device Type
3. Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
4. Purchase Option
40
An EC2 instance type defines the ___________, memory, and ________ _________
processor, storage type
41
What are the two root device types for an EC2 instance?
1. Instance Store - Storage that is physically attached to the host the virtual server is running on
2. Elastic Block Store - Storage that exists separately from the host the virtual server is running on
42
Which root device type provides ephemeral storage, and which root device type provides persistent storage?
Instance Store provides ephemeral storage, and EBS provides persistent storage.
43
What is an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)?
Template for an EC2 instance. Includes configuration, operating system, and data. There are many AMI available. They can be shared across accounts.
44
What are the 5 Amazon EC2 purchase options?
1. On-Demand
2. Reserved
3. Savings Plan
3. Spot
4. Dedicated Host
45
Which EC2 purchase option allows you to pay by the second for the instances that are launched?
On-Demand
46
Which EC2 purchase option allows you to purchase at a discount instances in advance for 1-3 years?
Reserved
47
Which EC2 purchase option allows you to leverage unused EC2 capacity in a region for a large discount?
Spot
48
What are the 3 EC2 Reserved Instance types?
1. Standard
a. Partial Up Front
b. All Up Front
c. No Up Front
2. Convertible
3. Scheduled
49
Which EC2 purchase option is similar in concept to reserved instances, supports compute with EC2, Fargate and Lambda, but does not reserve capacity?
Savings Plan
50
Which EC2 purchase option should you use if you have an instance that is consistent and always needed?
Reserved Instance (Standard or Convertible)
51
Which EC2 purchase option should you use if you have batch processing where the process can start and stop without affecting the job?
Spot Instances
52
" ______________ lets you run without _______________ or ________________ servers. You only pay for the compute time you consume. You can run code for virtually any type of application or backend service - all with zero administration." - Amazon Web Services
AWS Lambda, provisioning, managing
53
Elastic Beanstalk is a ___________________ as a service on AWS.
platform
54
What are the 8 supported application platforms for Elastic Beanstalk?
Java, .NET, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Docker
55
Scenario 1:
■ Sylvia’s company is in the process of moving multiple workloads into AWS
■ One workload is an application that will be leveraged for at least 5 more years
■ The organization is looking to be as cost efficient as possible for its EC2 usage
■ What EC2 purchase option should be chosen for this application?
All Upfront Reserved - 3 Years
56
Scenario 2:
■ Edward is looking to deploy his PHP web application to a virtual server
■ He doesn’t have experience managing EC2 instances on AWS
■ He needs the ability to scale this application to meet user demand
■ What is the best compute option for Edward based on these criteria?
AWS Elastic Beanstalk
57
Scenario 3:
■ Cindy’s company is transitioning to the cloud for its data processing workloads
■ These workloads happen daily and can start or stop without a problem
■ This workload will be leveraged for at least one year
■ What EC2 purchase option would be the most cost-efficient choice?
Spot Instances
58
What are three types of Elastic Load Balancers?
1. Application Load Balancer (ALB)
2. Network Load Balancer (NLB)
3. Classic Load Balancer (CLB)
59
Scaling up an instance type to a larger instance type with more resources is called ________ scaling
Vertical
60
"Scaling out" and adding additional instances to handle the demand of your application is called ________ scaling.
Horizontal
61
CloudFront utilizes AWS _______ locations, and supports both ________ and ________ content.
Edge, static, dynamic
62
■ Ellen’s company has an internal application that runs on an EC2 server
■ Currently there is downtime as demand is greater than capacity for the server
■ Ellen is trying to decide if she should use bigger servers or more servers
■ Which scaling approach would you recommend and what services should they use?
Horizontal scaling using elastic load balancer.
63
Which S3 Non-Archival Storage Class is the default storage class and is used for frequently accessed data?
S3 Standard
64
Which S3 Non-Archival Storage Class will move your data to the correct storage class based on usage?
S3 Intelligent-Tiering
65
Which S3 Non-Archival Storage Class is used for infrequently accessed data with the standard resilience
S3 Standard - IA
66
Which S3 Non-Archival Storage Class is used for infrequently access data that is only stored in one AZ?
S3 One Zone Infrequent Access
67
What is the feature that can be enabled per bucket that allows for optimized uploading of data using the AWS Edge Locations as a part of Amazon CloudFront?
S3 Transfer Acceleration
68
Both S3 Glacier and Glacier Deep Archive are designed for _________ of data within S3 as a separate storage class.
archiving
69
What are the minimum days of storage for S3 Glacier and S3 Glacier Deep Archive?
90 days and 180 days, respectively
70
Data can be retrieved from __________ in minutes or hours, and from _____________ in hours.
S3 Glacier, S3 Glacier Deep Archive
71
For the S3 Glacier and S3 Glacier Deep Archive, you pay a fee _____ _____ __________.
per GB retrieved
72
S3 Glacier is over _____ times less expensive than an S3 Standard storage class, and S3 Glacier Deep Archive is over ______ times less expensive than an S3 Standard storage class.
5, 23
73
Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) is ______________ storage designed to be connected to a single ____________ instance that can scale to support __________ of data and supports multiple volume types based on need.
block, EC2, pedabytes
74
Which EBS volume type is a cost effective type designed for general workloads?
General Purpose SSD
75
Which EBS volume type is a high performance volume for low latency applications?
Provisioned IOPS SSD
76
Which EBS volume type is designed for frequently accessed data?
Throughput Optimized HDD
77
Which EBS volume type is designed for less frequently accessed workloads?
Cold HDD
78
Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) is a fully managed _____________________ file system designed to support ________________________ workloads.
NFS, Linux
79
AWS offers a a fully managed native Windows file system called _________.
Amazon FSx for Windows File Server
80
What are two large-scale data transfer services offered by AWS?
AWS Snowball and AWS Snowmobile
81
AWS Snowball offers _______ scale transfer, and AWS Snowmobile offers ________ scale transfer.
petabyte, exabyte
82
With AWS Snowball, a _______ ______ is delivered by AWS to your location.
physical device
83
With AWS Snowmobile, a _______ ______ _______ is delivered by AWS to your location.
ruggedized shipping container
84
Which data transfer service involves AWS setting up a connection to your network?
AWS Snowmobile
85
Which data transfer service involves you connecting the transfer device to your network and uploading your data?
AWS Snowball
86
Which data transfer service involves the transfer device being return by a local carrier?
AWS Snowball
87
Which data transfer service involves you loading the data onto the device?
AWS Snowmobile
88
Amazon RDS is a fully managed service for ________ databases.
relational
89
What are the 6 supported Amazon RDS platforms?
1. MySQL
2. PostgreSQL
3. MariaDB
4. Oracle
5. SQL Server
6. Amazon Aurora
90
"______________ is a MySQL and PostgreSQL-compatible relational database built for the cloud, that combines the performance and availability of traditional enterprise databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open-source databases.” - Amazon Web Services
Amazon Aurora
91
Amazon DynamoDB is a fully managed ___________________________ database service.
NoSQL
92
“DynamoDB can handle more than _______________ requests per day and can support peaks of more than ____________ requests per second.” - Amazon Web Services
10 trillion, 20 million
93
Amazon Elasticache is an in-memory data store that supports the ____________ and _____________ engines.
Memcached, Redis
94
What is the data warehousing solution that supports petabytes of data?
Amazon Redshift
95
What is the service that enables querying exabytes of data stored in S3?
Amazon Redshift Spectrum
96
■ Jennifer is an IT executive in a financial services company
■ They are transitioning their data warehouse to AWS for analysis
■ The data warehouse would need to support up to 2 PB of data
■ Which approach would you recommend for Jennifer?
Amazon Redshift
97
■ Sam is a DevOps engineer at a tech company
■ Sam needs to launch a MySQL database for a new web application
■ They need to have direct access to the virtual server that MySQL is running on
■ What approach would you recommend for Sam’s company?
Database on EC2
98
■ Frank is the CTO at a gaming company
■ They are trying to determine how to store real-time user analytics
■ They need low latency and the ability to scale to handle up to 1 million players
■ Frank wants to minimize the amount of time it takes to maintain the database
■ Which AWS approach would you recommend for Frank?
DynamoDB
99
Which service is a fully managed pub/sub message service?
Amazon SNS
100
Which service is a fully managed message queue service?
Amazon SQS
101
Within Amazon SNS, messages are organized according to ___________.
Topics
102
Within Amazon SQS, messages are organized into ______________. There are two types of these. They are _________ and _________.
Queues. Standard, FIFO
103
____________ enables orchestration of workflows through a fully managed service.
AWS Step Functions
104
With AWS Step Functions, you are charged per _________ ___________
state transition
105
Within AWS Step Functions, workflows are defined using ________ __________ _________
Amazon States Language
106
■ Ruth started a non-profit that assigns volunteers to opportunities
■ Recently their database server went down, and users were unable to signup
■ While the situation is better, there is still some downtime expected in the future
■ She wants to explore an AWS service that could prevent lost user signups
■ What service would you recommend to Ruth?
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)
107
■ Jessi created a list of onboarding steps for new customers for their new app
■ These steps detail integrations with their CRM, emails to the user, and analytics
■ Jessi is worried about the time it will take to build all of this from scratch
■ Is there an AWS service that can help with this approach?
AWS Step Functions
108
■ Roger’s company is an eCommerce company building a custom platform
■ They are still adding new functionality
■ He wants aspects of the platform to listen for events like orders and refunds
■ They don’t yet know all of the elements that would need to respond to events
■ Is there a service that would allow current and future parts of the platform to listen for
these events?
Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)
109
___________ provides event history of your AWS account activity, including actions taken through the AWS Management Console, AWS SDKs, command line tools, and other AWS services.” - Amazon Web Services
AWS CloudTrail
110
CloudTrail inserts an audit trail in an ____________
| ____________ or into ___________ ___________.
S3 bucket, CloudWatch logs
111
Which service provides metrics, logs, and alarms for infrastructure?
Amazon CouldWatch
112
Which service continually evaluates infrastructure against a set of rules?
AWS Config
113
Which service provides operational data and automation across infrastructure?
AWS Systems Manager
114
Which service allows for custom dashboards based on collected metrics?
Amazon CloudWatch
115
Which service continuously monitors and records your AWS resource configurations and allows you to automate the evaluation of recorded configurations against desired configurations?
AWS Config
116
AWS Config provides specific ________ _________ with rules for specific compliance standards.
Conformance packs
117
Which service provides multiple tools that make it easier to manage your AWS infrastructure?
AWS Systems Manager
118
Which service is a managed service for provisioning infrastructure based on templates?
AWS CloudFormation
119
CloudFormation templates can be written in _______ or ________.
JSON, YAML
120
Which CloudFormation feature enables you to find changes in your infrastructure after it was launched by CloudFormation?
Drift detection
121
“AWS OpsWorks is a _________ __________ service that provides managed instances of ______________ and ____________.
configuration management, chef, puppet
122
Which service is used to create a multi-account environment that follows the recommended best practices in operational efficiency, security, and governance?
AWS Control Tower
123
AWS Control Tower provides a way to create new AWS accounts based on ________________.
Templates
124
■ Elliott is an operations engineer at a financial services company
■ He recently discovered that someone had disabled a security setting on a server
■ He is concerned that events like this might go unnoticed until a breach
■ Which service would allow the organization to continually track configuration of
infrastructure?
AWS Config
125
■ James is the lead architect at a SaaS company
■ They will be launching a new application that includes several components
■ He is looking to minimize manual work required when creating infrastructure
■ What service would enable James to automate much of this effort?
AWS CloudFormation
126
■ Candace is the CTO at a manufacturing company
■ A cloud server needed to support their manufacturing process was deleted
■ They want to make sure the follow up with the person who deleted this instance
■ Which service could show the individual that deleted this specific server?
AWS CloudTrail
