uni t 6

Question 1

what is the structure of the earth

Answer 1

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

Question 2

what does the crust and upper mantle look like

Answer 2

crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere

Question 3

why is the outer core liquid?

Answer 3

due to high temperatures and not enough pressure to keep it in a solid state

Question 4

why is the inner core solid

Answer 4

because there’s a lot of pressure

Question 5

what is the largest part of the earth

Answer 5

mantle

Question 6

what type of rock is the mantle made of

Answer 6

silicates

Question 7

what does it mean when rock is “plastic”

Answer 7

rock can bend or fold

Question 8

which crust is thicker

Answer 8

continental

Question 9

which crust is thinner

Answer 9

oceanic

Question 10

which elements are more abundant in the crust

Answer 10

oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron

Question 11

what is special about the asthenosphere

Answer 11

partially molten and ductile nature allows for the movement of tectonic plates above it.

Question 12

What did alfred wegener do for plate tectonics

Answer 12

proposed theory of continental drift

Question 13

what were the clues and proof for his theory

Answer 13

fossil evidence

Question 14

what is the theory of plate tectonics

Answer 14

Plate tectonics is the theory that states that Earth’s outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle

Question 15

what is the convergence zone

Answer 15

ocean to crust, crust to crust

Question 16

what is the divergence zone

Answer 16

move away from each other

Question 17

what is the subduction zone

Answer 17

earth plates dives back into the mantle

Question 18

what is transform fault

Answer 18

slide past each other horizontally

Question 19

where does a hotspot come from

Answer 19

over exceptionally hot regions in the mantle

Question 20

what two things do subduction zones produce

Answer 20

earthquakes, ocean trenches

Question 21

what are the three types of volcanoes

Answer 21

shield, cindercone, composite

Question 22

what is a caldera

Answer 22

circular depression where the surface has slumped

Question 23

what is a vent

Answer 23

neck of a volcano where everything comes out

Question 24

what is a dyke

Answer 24

magma that goes up vertical

Question 25

what is a sill

Answer 25

solidified magma, not exposed, horizontal

Question 26

what is a pluton

Answer 26

always connected to sill and dyke, large magma

Question 27

what is a laccolith

Answer 27

dome shaped rock, higher up, stuck between 2 sedimentary

Question 28

where do most volcanoes happen

Answer 28

plate boundaries

Question 29

what is a high viscosity

Answer 29

lava that moves slow like syrup

Question 30

what is low viscosity

Answer 30

lava that flows fast

Question 31

what is low viscosity

Answer 31

lava that flows fast

Question 32

what are the two types of lava

Answer 32

pahoehoe, AA

Question 33

what are the two types of lava

Answer 33

pahoehoe, AA

Question 34

what is pillow lava

Answer 34

lava underneath water

Question 35

which heavy elements sink to the earth at its formation

Answer 35

iron, nickel

Question 36

what is the name of the world last super continent

Answer 36

pangea

Question 37

where does the sea floor sink back into the earth to be recycled

Answer 37

deep sea trenches

Question 38

when subduction happens which crust does under which crust

Answer 38

oceanic sub ducts beneath continental

Question 39

magma builds up inside which part of the volcano before eruption

Answer 39

chamber

Question 40

what does a volcano release into the air as it erupts

Answer 40

lava, ash, gas, smoke

Question 41

what causes an earthquake

Answer 41

sudden movement along faults within the earth

Question 42

how do we measure earthquakes? two ways.

Answer 42

seismograph, seismic analysis

Question 43

what does a p wave look like

Answer 43

look at camera roll bruh

Question 44

what does a s wave look like

Answer 44

look at camera roll again lol

Question 45

what do love waves look like

Answer 45

vjk look at camera roll

Question 46

what do rayleigh waves look like

Answer 46

roll

Question 47

what are the body waves

Answer 47

p and s

Question 48

which waves are surface waves

Answer 48

rayleigh and love

Question 49

how many seismographs stations are needed to triangulate an epicenter of an earthquake

Answer 49

3

Question 50

which has two shadow zones

Answer 50

p shadow zone

Question 51

which has one shadow zone

Answer 51

s shadow zone

Question 52

which wave can go through the earths core

Answer 52

rayleigh wave

Question 53

to find the epicenter of an earthquake you must get the distance by finding what measurement

Answer 53

time difference between the first P wave and the first S wave

Question 54

who is the father of geology

Answer 54

james hutton

Question 55

what earthquake waves cannot go through the core

Answer 55

s wave

Question 56

molten rock is called?

Answer 56

magma

Question 57

what equation can model a richter scale

Answer 57

logE= 11.8 + 1.5 m

Question 58

what gets transferred in the transition zone of the mantle

Answer 58

seismic wave activity and velocity

Question 59

what is a latitude line

Answer 59

measures the distance north or south of the equator

Question 60

what is a longitude line

Answer 60

imaginary lines that divide earth

Question 61

what latitude line do we measure from

Answer 61

distance north and south of equator

Question 62

which longitude line do we measure from

Answer 62

meridian

Question 63

what four things must be on a proper map

Answer 63

title, compass rose, key, scale

Question 64

how many degrees does a compass show

Answer 64

360