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Microbiology > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Microorganisms

A

Organisms too small to see with the naked eye

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2
Q

Microorganisms
_____ anatomy
Lack highly ____ cells
____ tissues

A

Simple
Differentiated
Lack

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3
Q

4 types of microorganisms in order of descending complexity

A

Fungi (most complex)
Bacteria
Viruses
Prions (least complex)

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4
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Single celled organisms LACKING a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles

HAVE cell walls

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5
Q

What is the one prokaryotic cell that does NOT have a cell wall

A

Mycoplasma

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6
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Cells that HAVE a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

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7
Q

Eukaryotes are cells of ____ organisms

A

Higher

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8
Q

True or false

Eukaryotes can be single celled or multicellular organisms

A

True

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9
Q

Kingdom fungi include

A

Mold and yeast

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10
Q

True or false

Fungi are multicellular organisms or unicellular organisms

A

True

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11
Q

Are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic

A

Eukaryotic

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12
Q

Fungi have what type of reproduction cycles

A

Asexual and sexual

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13
Q

Bacteria are ___ celled and____

A

Single

Prokaryotic

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14
Q

Majority of bacteria have a cell wall with

A

Peptidoglycan

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15
Q

True or false

Bacteria lack a membrane bound nucleus but still have DNA

A

TRUE

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16
Q

What type of reproduction to bacteria have

A

Asexual

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17
Q

What are acellular infectious agents

A

NOT CELLS. They are infectious particles (smaller than cells)

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18
Q

When do acellular infectious agents have the ability to replicate

A

Only When the have infected a cell

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19
Q

Two categories of acellular infectious agents

A

Viruses

Prions

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20
Q

4 things viruses are composed of

A

Genetic material
Protein capsule
Proteins/sugars for attachment
Lipid envelope later

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21
Q

True or false

Viruses can replicate on their own

22
Q

What are two things prions (infectious protein particles) are a causative of

Study These Flashcards
A

Bovine spongiform encephalitis (MAD COW DISEASE)

Scrapies (sheep neurological disease)

23
Q

How do you name bacteria/viruses etc

Study These Flashcards
A

The genus followed by the species underlines or italicized

24
Q

Etiology

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A

The study of the cause of disease

25
Etiological agent
Whatever causes the disease (toxin, trauma, microorganisms)
26
Infection
Invasion and multiplication of organisms inside the body Usually from and injury (direct or indirect)
27
Infectious
Capable of causing infection, or being transmitted by infection
28
Infectivity
The ability to enter and replicate in a host
29
Direct injury (in the context of infection)
Damage to tissues caused by the infectious organism (toxins produced by the bacteria)
30
Indirect injury (in terms of infection)
Damage to tissues caused by the immune system
31
Host
An animal or plant in/on which a parasite (causes infection) or commensalism organisms (doesn’t cause infection) live on
32
Host cell
A cell that has been infected by a microorganisms (becomes the site of replication)
33
Pathogen
A virus, bacteria or microorganism that can causes a disease
34
Pathogenic
The ability to cause disease
35
Pathogenic factors
What allows the pathogen to cause disease
36
Pathogenicity
Measure of how much damage a pathogen is able to cause to a host
37
Non-pathogenic
Unable to cause disease
38
Virulence
Similar to pathogenicity | Measure of a pathogens ability to overcome the body’s defences
39
Virulence factors
Similar to pathogenic factor
40
Normal flora
Normally present on the healthy host
41
Ubiquitous
Found everywhere
42
In vivo
Within the body
43
In vitro
“With a glass” Outside the living body, on a dish/in a tube
44
Culture
The propagation of microorganisms or living tissues in special growth media
45
List the following in order of smallest to largest: Bacteria, skin cell, yeast, virus
Virus Bacteria Yeast Skin cell
46
What category Is a virus in
Acellular
47
What category does bacteria belong in?
Prokaryotic
48
What category does a skin cell belong in?
Eukaryotic
49
What category does yeast belong in
Eukaryotic
50
How can a pathogen have high infectivity but low pathogenicity
High ability to replicate/spread easily but causes little damage Example: common cold: spreads easy but not a lot of damage

Microbiology (12 decks)

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