Unit 1

Question 1

biodiversity

Answer 1

variety in creation/ variety of life

Question 2

species

Answer 2

organisms that can breed freely with each other

Question 3

hybridization

Answer 3

cross breeding two different species

Question 4

morphology

Answer 4

physical characteristics/ appearance of an organism

Question 5

genetic diversity

Answer 5

ability to have various genes among the same species/ genetic variability of an organism

Question 6

structural diversity

Answer 6

range/ variety of physical shapes and sizes within a habitat

Question 7

autotroph

Answer 7

uses sources of energy to produce nutrients from water, gases and/ or minerals

Question 8

heterotroph

Answer 8

gets energy by eating organisms

Question 9

taxonomy

Answer 9

the science of classifying organisms

Question 10

eukaryotic

Answer 10

has a nucleaus

Question 11

prokaryotic

Answer 11

no nucleus

Question 12

viroid

Answer 12

a very small infections piece of RNA responsible for some serious diseases in plants

Question 13

prions

Answer 13

are a protien that warps your protiens to be like them

Question 14

bacteriophage

Answer 14

a virus that infects bacteria

Question 15

virus

Answer 15

a small, infectious particle that contains genetic material within a capsule

Question 16

capsid

Answer 16

a protein coat that surrounds the genetic material of a virus

Question 17

RNA

Answer 17

the genetic material that provides instructions for synthesizing protein

Question 18

epidemic

Answer 18

a large-scale outbreak of a disease that is confined to a limited geographic area

Question 19

pandemic

Answer 19

a large - scale outbreak of a disease that occurs over a widespread geographic area

Question 20

lysis

Answer 20

the host cell ruptures and releases 100 to 200 new viruses into the host cell’s surroundings

Question 21

lysogeny

Answer 21

the condition in which viral DNA stays dormant, continuing to reproduce with a cell’s DNA but not separating from it

Question 22

transduction

Answer 22

gene transfer in which a virus transfers DNA from one bacterium to another

Question 23

rabies spreads by…

Answer 23

being bitten by infected animal

Question 24

HIV/AIDS spreads by…

Answer 24

exchange of bodily fluids

Question 25

Measles spreads by...

Answer 25

direct contact

Question 26

A common cold spreads by...

Answer 26

contact and can be airborne

Question 27

pathogens

Answer 27

infectious bacteria

Question 28

bacteria can cause diseases such as...

Answer 28

cholera, leprosy, typhoid fever, strep throat etc

Question 29

antibiotic

Answer 29

a substance that can kill or weaken micro-organisms; natural antibiotics are produced by bacteria or fungi, whereas synthetic antibiotics are manufactured

Question 30

how many bacteria do you have in your body?

Answer 30

up to 100 trillion

Question 31

how can bacteria be helpful?

Answer 31

- fixing nitrogen - making vitamins K and B12 - used for cheese, yogurt, soy sauce, and chocolate - antibiotics (eg: insulin)

Question 32

cocci

Answer 32

round bacterial cells

Question 33

bacilli

Answer 33

rod-shaped bacterial cells

Question 34

spirilli

Answer 34

spiral/corkscrew shaped bacterial cells

Question 35

diplo-

Answer 35

pairs

Question 36

strepto

Answer 36

clumps

Question 37

staphylo-

Answer 37

strings

Question 38

hyphae

Answer 38

long filaments sharing cytoplasm

Question 39

lichens

Answer 39

combination organism with a fungi and an algae - fungi does the structure and getting water - algae makes food by photosynthesis

Question 40

Mycorrhizae

Answer 40

fungi associated with tree roots - help absorb nutrients and water - get sugars from the tree

Question 41

leaf cutter ants and farmed fungi

Answer 41

- ants provide food for the fungi | - ants eat off of it

Question 42

what are the seven levels of classification?

Answer 42

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 43

cilia

Answer 43

tiny hairlike protein structures present on the surface of many cells, often found in large groups

Question 44

flagella

Answer 44

relatively long, fine, whiplike structures present on the surface of some cells, occur singly or in small groups

Question 45

pseudopodia

Answer 45

extensions of cell protoplasm; may be blunt or threadlike, from a branching network or be stiffened with and internal supporting system

Question 46

gram positive means...

Answer 46

purple/ the cell wall stained strongly