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AP US History > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Reasons Europe Moves Toward Exploration

A

Improvements in Technology, Religious Conflict, Expanding Trade, Developing NationStates

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2
Q

Discovering North and South America

A

Land Bridge-Native Population; Vikings; Christopher Columbus

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3
Q

Cultures in North America

A

Native Americans lived mostly in semi-permanent settlements in small populations; men:hunted, fought, built; women: gathered, food, children

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4
Q

Great Plains Tribes

A

Nomadic Tribes who hunted Buffalo

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5
Q

Pueblos

A

complex society that built multi-story dwellings

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6
Q

Iroquois

A

Iroquois Confederation or League of Confederation: political confederation of tribes to protect against other tribes and Europe. Located in Northern Part of N. America. Have to deal with early settlers

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7
Q

Aztecs

A

Complex society in central Mexico

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8
Q

Incas

A

Complex society in Peru

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9
Q

Columbus

A

1492; Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored him; came in early fall to the Bahamas, thought it was India

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10
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

exchange of new goods between Europe and Natives: crops, disease, spices, slaves

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11
Q

Treaty of Tordesilias

A

Spain and Portugal initiate exploration; both are Catholic and start competing; the Pope divides the New World between these countries; called Line of Demarcation; West of Line-Spain; East of Line-Portugal

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12
Q

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

A

1513; Crosses Isthmus of Panama to get to Pacific

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13
Q

Juan Ponce de Leon

A

1513; Florida looking for Fountain of Youth

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14
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

1520; sailing around the world

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15
Q

Herman Cortes

A

Mexico

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16
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

1532; Peru

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17
Q

Hernando de Soto

A

1539-1542; Florida and part of the Mississippi River

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18
Q

Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

A

1540-1542; New Mexico-Kansas

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19
Q

Conquistadors

A

Spanish explorers who bring riches to Spain

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20
Q

Encomienda System

A

Spanish gov allowed colonists to enslave natives as long as they converted them

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21
Q

Asiento System

A

Spanish gov gave permission to other countries to sell slaves to Spanish Colonies

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22
Q

New England Colonies

A

Mass,RI, Conn, NH

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23
Q

Middle Colonies

A

NY,NJ,Delaware,Penn and products were grain, livestock, iron and rice

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24
Q

Southern Colonies

A

VA, Maryland, NC, SC, Georgia, products: tobacco,indigo, rice, farm products, furs

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25
Chesapeake Colonies
Maryland, Virginia
26
Restoration Colonies
Carolinas, NY, NJ, Penn, Delaware
27
Corporate Charter
given to corporations, businesses, joint-stock
28
Royal Charter
area is still controlled by the crown
29
Proprietary Charter
given to individuals from the king
30
Jamestown
first permanent English colony 1607
31
Timeline of Jamestown 1
King James gives charter, 1606 Christopher Newport sails, arrives 4 months later then told to set up
32
Instructions
Go 100 miles inland, be on river, be on island, open area, low moist area, they chose a bad area because there was wildlife, bugs, bad land for bathrooms and houses, water doesn't move and feces could seep into drinking water; lots of English gentlemen who didn't want to work; will eventually move
33
Activites
Build a fort, clear lands, search for gold, no time allotted for searching for resources
34
1608
Newport goes back for supplies and John Smith becomes leader
35
John Smith
he thou shall not work, shall not eat
36
Population after 1 spring
40 left out of 100
37
later part of 1608
Newport returns with 70 men and 2 women
38
1609
Virginia company expands and sends 2 ships with 800 men and women
39
the ships
one had supplies and the other had people
40
fate of the ships
supplies gets stuck in bermuda and extra men come
41
Winter of 1609-1610
Starving time; people had no food, no supplies, 60/400 survive, cannabalism occurs
42
1610
other ship returns and military law is instituted; Thomas West becomes governor
43
1610-1614
first Anglo-Powhatan War
44
1614
peace with the Powhatan tribe; marriage of teen aged Pocahantes and John Rolfe helped
45
What will become the major crop of Jamestown
tobacco, the brown gold
46
What happened when tobacco supply increased
price went down
47
in 1619
more women will come and develop permanent ties, Dutch bring the 1st shipment of slave to Jamestown; House of Burgesses will be established
48
1622
Pocahantas dies which causes peace with the tribe to fall apart
49
1624
Jamestown becomes a royal colony
50
1644-1646
second anglo-powhatan war
51
Plymouth Colony
Separtists or Pilgrims (broke up with Puritans)
52
Puritans wanted
to purify the Anglecan Church while Separatists wanted to separate
53
1620
suppossed to go to Virginia but end up in Plymouth;
54
Mayflower Compact
signed by all passengers, sets up direct democracy
55
Spring Population
50
56
Governor of Plymouth Colony
William Bradford
57
Massachusetts Bay Colony
John Winthrop wanted to create a city on a hill or a utopia which other cities will model after
58
March 1630
about 700 settlers come with a charter from the king; 500 survive until next spring
59
The Great Migration
1640; thousands of Puritans will come to Massachusetts Bay Colony
60
Society within Massachusetts: Gov
ideas of town meetings and general asembly
61
Society within Massachusetts: Education
key because Puritans have to be able to read the bible; Harvard established 1636 which goes with the saying that war was planned in the north, fought in the south, and won by the french. north planned b/c they were litterate
62
Society within Massachusetts: Church
not religiously tolerant; lack of openess
63
Reasons for pop decline
young people started to leave and survival rate was low
64
Conversion Process
allowed young people to be converted; supposed to help with pop decline
65
Halfway Convenant
allowed everyone to sacrements and communion and children of saints did not have to be converted
66
1692
Salem Witch Trials
67
RI
Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson; separation of church and state; freedom of religion
68
Conn
Thomas Hooke; Fundamental Orders of Conneticut: first written constiution in 1639
69
Maryland
Lord Baltimore; mostly Catholic; Maryland Toleration Act- allowed for Freedom of Religion for only Christians
70
Carolinas
8 Lords Proprietors 1663; Restoration Colony; split in 1729; headright system- get 50 acres of land for paying for an indentured servant or buying stock in a join-stock compant
71
New York
first settled by the Dutch; lost land in 1664 during Anglo-Dutch war
72
Pennsylvania
William Penn; Quakers; Quakers were very tolerant of other religions; oppositte of Puritans; Hily Experiment; good treatment of Native Americans; Delaware will eventually break away
73
Georgia
last colony to be established in 1732; buffer zone; James Oglethrope was the governor; very strict

AP US History (3 decks)

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