Unit 1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the unresolved issues between the US and China?
Patents, cybercrime, nuclear programme North Korea, stolen Covid-Vaccine informations, etc.
What was the common interest between the US and China in 1937?
Chinese forces posing threat to Japan, the United States’ rival at that time
What did the United States do in 1911 to drive the Chinese society to a rather Western culture?
Supported the formation of nationalist political regimes that replaced the monarchy in 1911
Successive US presidents from Dwight Eisenhower to Lyndon Johnson viewed China as part of what?
A wider communist threat
Why did the US government withdraw forces from South East Asia in the 1970s?
To act as a neutral counterbalance to Soviet communism in the region
As China has been a major creditor of the US, what do both countries fear accordingly?
The US sees that as a source of weakness, while China fears potential US protectionism
What is most likely China’s military strategy?
To deter US military activity within first and second island chain, including disputed territories like Taiwan, Spratly Islands and Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands
Which Chinese leader opened the purely state-planned socialist economy?
Deng Xiaoping
What does the more ‘hostile’ perspective of the two perspectives of Chinese foreign policy include?
The rather hostile foreign policy perspective considers a heavy opposition between China and the US.
Its advocates cannot imagine the close cooperation between the US and China, they foresee a Cold-War like relationship, or even a potential conflict.
What does the ‘neo-internationalist’ perspective of the two perspectives of Chinese foreign policy include?
This perspective advocates China’s peaceful role in international relations.
Its advocates see that China pursues a modern diplomacy in which it seeks for win-win cooperations and avoids conflicts, based on historical figures like Zheng He. It sees China’s development heavily depending on world peace.
Which realist scholar argued that China cannot rise peacefully?
John Mearsheimer
He argued that the powerful structural imperatives of the international system will force the US to abandon its constructive policy towards China.
Why was China’s economic growth in line with US interests (at least in the post-WWII period)?
Because capitalist economic growth was a key aim of the US strategy as such growth was of mutual benefits.
What was Obama’s message in his visit to Japan in 2009?
Obama advocated the cooperation with China on issues of mutual interest, but agrees that there will also be differences. However, he demonstrated openness to improve the US-Chinese relationship.
What does ‘interdependence’ in IR mean?
Interdependence means mutual dependence. This implies a benign view of IR, in which different states are interconnected in multiple ways (through economic relations, environmental concerns, etc.). States depend not only on its own actions but on actions of others.
What is a fall-back position in IR?
What a party could gain without agreeing to a deal. If a state can gain much without a deal they will be in a stronger position than a state that can gain little without it. Put a different way, the state that stands to gain most from any negotiation in relation to their fall- back position, is in the weaker position.
Why and who argued that most relationships of interdependence are asymmetrical?
Keohane and Nye argued that the ability to impose costs or realise benefits are uneven, and that allows some states to exert greater influence than others.
