Unit 1 Flashcards
(72 cards)
1
Q
Hobbes
A
- everyone is born equal
- King was the best option
- Absolute power to a sovereign
- The people chose Sovereign
2
Q
Locke
A
- life, liberty, and property
- Favors Law-making legislature such as English Parliament
- Often credited as a founder of modern “liberal” thought, Locke pioneered the ideas of natural law, social contract, religious toleration, and the right to the revolution that proved essential to both the American Revolution and the U.S. Constitution that followed.
3
Q
Rousseau
A
- all power in people
- influence “We the people”…
- direct democracy where everyone votes on the general will
4
Q
Montesquieu
A
- government should be in three separate branches; all have an equal amount of power (legislative, executive, judicial)
5
Q
Which US president freed the slaves
A
Abraham Lincoln
6
Q
Who is the commander in chief of our military
A
The president
7
Q
What are the original 13 states?
A
connecticut, new hamspire, new york, new jersy, massachusetts, pennsylvaian, delaware, virginia, north carolina, south carolina, georgia , rhode island and maryland (NO kentucky, or DC)
8
Q
Who was the first president
A
GW
9
Q
What do the stars on the flag mean?
A
One for each state in the union
10
Q
Which is guaranteed by the first amendment
A
freedom of press
11
Q
For how long do we elect the president of the us
A
4
12
Q
What is the capital of the ca
A
Sacramento
13
Q
What do the stripes mean on the flag?
A
13 original states
14
Q
What is the minimum voting age?
A
18
15
Q
Can the constitution be changed?
A
yes
16
Q
How many representatives are there in congress?
A
535
17
Q
Under our constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. Which is not one power of the federal government?
A
Determined speed limit (print money, declare war, create an army belonging to the government)
18
Q
For how long does elect each senator
A
6
19
Q
How many times may a senator be re-elected?
A
no limit
20
Q
What is the head executive of a state called?
A
governor
21
Q
Why are there 100 senators in the senate
A
2 from each state
22
Q
If both president and VP can no longer serve, who becomes the president?
A
the speaker of the house of representatives
23
Q
What is the basic belief in the Declaration of Independence?
A
All men are created equal.
24
Q
How many supreme court justices
A
9
25
What are the duties of congress?
make laws
26
When was the declaration of independence adopted?
July 4, 1776
27
What are the three branches?
legislative, executive, and judicial
28
How many branches
3
29
Under the constitution, some powers belong to states. What is not one power of the states?
Create post office belongs to federal
30
In what month is the new president inaugurated
Jan
31
What is the legislative branch of our government
congress
32
What are the 49th and 50th states of the union?
Hawaii and Alaska
33
What are the three rights or freedoms guaranteed by the bill of rights?
speech, press, and religion
34
What is the name of the ship that brought pilgrims to America
the mayflower
35
Who is the governor of your state
Gavin Newsome
36
Whose rights are guaranteed by the constitution and the bill of rights
everyone
37
What are the two major political parties in us?
democratic and republican
38
Who has the power to declare war according to the constitution
congress
39
What is considered "the supreme law" of the united states
constitution
40
Which of these is a purpose of the united nations
To discuss and try to resolve world problems
41
Who did the US fight in world war II?
Germany, Japan, and Italy
42
Where is the united states capital
dc
43
Who was the last VP
Mike Pence
44
What does the INS agency regulate
immigration
45
What is the 4th of July
independence day
46
What were the 13 original states of us called
colonies
47
Who was the main writer of the declaration of independence
Thomas Jefferson
48
What country did we fight during the revolutionary war?
England
49
which president was the first commander in chief of our military
gw
50
What are the first ten amendments to the constitutions called
the bill of rights
51
Where does freedom of speech come from
the bill of rights
52
How many changes or amendments are there to the constitution
27
53
What are the duties of the supreme court
interpret law
54
Was benjamin franklin a president
no
55
How does the U.S. Constitution promote and protect citizenship?
It promotes citizenship by giving each citizen some government responsibility and voting. And it protects citizenship by granting individual rights and protecting citizens from punishment for carrying out their duties as citizens.
56
Why does the Constitution specifically describe the powers granted by the national and state governments?
Federalism allows a union between states by limiting central government power, allowing the states to deal with their issues but allowing the federal government to deal with issues facing the country as a whole.
57
Define and explain how the major principles of the US Constitution are related to one another.
The major principles are popular sovereignty, limited government, federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, and individual rights. Popular sovereignty means the consent of the governed. Limited government means the government is restricted from doing certain things. The separation of powers splits the government into three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. Checks and balances mean each branch has some control over the others. And individual rights mean things like freedom of speech. There are all related because they all give different parts some power and responsibility.
58
How was John Locke significant?
He came up with the philosophy that all men are created equal with natural rights to life, liberty and property and should be governed by a government with the consent of the majority.
59
What were the reasons for the United States to separate from Britain?
Because the colonies had governed themselves for a long time and Britain needed money, levied a lot of taxes on America. Still, Americans, having read John Locke, thought this was unfair because they did not have representation in the British parliament.
60
What reasons were given for the failure of the Confederation Congress?
The confederation congress had only one branch, no ability to raise taxes, coin money, or force the states to repay debts, and everything was in disarray.
61
What did the framers of the Constitution borrow from the Iroquois’ Confederation?
The Iroquois system was federal -- the five or six individual tribes handled their affairs, as the American states eventually would. Those tribes formed an overarching government to address issues of shared importance.
62
What are the 6 principles?
Judicial review, limited government, separation of power, popular sovereignty, federalism, check and balance
63
Define Popular Sovereignty
All political power belongs to the people. It is stated in the Declaration of Independence and the constitution "we the people."
64
Define Limited Government
It is not all-powerful - it can only do those things that people have given it the power to do. the flip side of popular sovereignty. The "rule of law."
65
Define separation of powers
Distribution of powers between three branches: The legislative branch (congress), the executive (president), and the judicial branch (supreme court), each has specific power and responsibilities. The Framers of the constitution intended to create a stronger government for the US but also wanted to limit the power of the government
66
Check and balance
The branches are not separated, not completely independent of each other. A system of checks and balances ties them together.
67
Judicial Review
The power of the court to determine the constitutionality of governmental action. It can declare illegal, null, and void of no force and effect - a government action found to violate.
68
Federalism
The division of power among a central government and several regional governments. came out of the framers out of necessity.
69
Concurrent power example Name a famous concurrent power - meaning something the federal government can do that the state governments can also do.
tax
70
According to the video, which powers would be shared by the federal government and the states?
Making laws, tax, police, executive branch, the legislative branch
71
Delegated power
Those powers are granted to the national government under the United States Constitution. The power to coin money, regulate commerce, declare war, raise and maintain armed forces, and establish a Post Office. In all, the
72
Reserved powers
The Tenth Amendment reserves powers to the states, as long as those powers are not delegated to the federal government. Among other powers, this includes creating school systems, overseeing state courts, creating public safety systems, managing business and trade within the state, and managing local government.
