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Athletic Training > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

athletic training definition

A

healthcare providers that are responsible for the prevention, rehabilitation, and management of injuries as well as the overall well-being of their active patients

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2
Q

different career setting for ATs

A

college/university, PT clinics, hospitals, law enforcement, corporate, military/government, youth sports, fitness clubs, firefighting

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3
Q

requirements for certification

A

accredited master program, board of certification, and director confirmation

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4
Q

the purpose of PPE (preparticipation exam)

A
  • identity at risk athletes
  • comparison from year to year
  • protect the institution and decrease liability issues
  • provide a safe environment for athletes
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5
Q

components of PPE

A
  • history
  • patient check-in (paperwork, fees)
  • physical exam (height, weight, vision)
  • orthopedic screening (r/o pre-existing conditions)
  • concussion baseline test (GSC, BESS, impact testing)
  • physicians exam (history review, heart, and lungs, eyes, ears, nose, referral, clearance)
  • mental health screening
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6
Q

balance error scoring system

A

tests for balance on each foot, blinded balancing, foam pad balancing,

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7
Q

impact testing

A

tests visual and verbal memory, reaction time, and processing speed

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8
Q

negligence

A

failure to use reasonable care

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9
Q

tort

A

legal wrong committed against the person or property of another

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10
Q

nonfeasance (act of omission)

A

an individual fails to perform a legal duty

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11
Q

malfeasance (act of commission)

A

an individual does something, but improperly, that she or he has the legal right to do

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12
Q

ways to reduce the risk of litigation

A
  • establish a good relationship with athletes, patients, parents, clients, coworkers
  • establish policies and guidelines
  • develop EAPs
  • keep accurate documentation
  • detailed job description
  • written consent to provide care
  • don’t use faulty equipment
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13
Q

acute

A

sudden onset

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14
Q

chronic

A

occurring over long period of time

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15
Q

tendon

A

connective tissue connecting bone to muscle

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16
Q

ligament

A

connective tissue connecting two bones or joint

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17
Q

strain

A

injury to muscle or tendon

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18
Q

sprain

A

injury to ligament

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19
Q

open/closed chain

A

the upper or lower extremity is either not fixed or fixed

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20
Q

palpation

A

to touch or feel someone or a structure

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21
Q

isometric

A

muscle contraction without movement

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22
Q

isotonic

A

muscle contraction incorporating both concentric and eccentric contraction

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23
Q

tendinitis

A

acute inflammation of a tendon

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24
Q

tendinosis

A

chronic condition due to overuse leading to degeneration of a tendon

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25
bilateral
refers to both sides
26
unilateral
referring to one side
27
ipsilateral
referring to the same side
28
contusion
injured tissue or skin capillaries that have ruptured
29
power
amount of work over time
30
strength
the ability of a muscle to generate force against some resistance
31
muscular contractions
isometric contractions, concentric contraction, eccentric contraction, econcentric contraction
32
isometric contraction
muscles contraction with no change in length
33
concentric contraction
muscles shortening during contraction
34
eccentric contractions
muscle lengthening during contraction
35
econcentric contraction
combines both controlled concentric and eccentric
36
isometric advantages and disadvantages
advantage- easy to apply, little space required, good for stabilizing muscles, used in rehab disadvantage- can be boring, no hypertrophy, holding breath, cheating
37
isotonic advantages and disadvantages
advantages- hypertrophy, multidirectional, motivating disadvantages- space needed, spotting, cheating, weight cant be greater than weakest part of ROM
38
open/closed chain examples
open chain lower extremities: soccer open chain upper extremities: volleyball close chain lower extremities: squats close chain upper extremities: push ups
39
3 phases of healing
1. inflammatory response 2. fibroblastic repair 3. maturation remodeling
40
what can impede healing?
the extent of injury, edema, poor vascular supply, infection, muscle spasm
41
heat transfer mechanisms
conduction, convection, evaporation, radiation, conversion
42
conduction
heat transferred through direct contact
43
convection
heat transferred through movement of fluids or gases
44
evaporation
turning liquid to vapor
45
radiation
heat transferred from one subject in space to another
46
conversion
generation of heat from an energy source
47
physiological effects of heat and cold
heat- vasodilation, increased blood flow, decrease muscle guarding, decrease pain perception, increase metabolic rate, increase collagen elasticity, decrease joint stiffness, increase capillary permeability, increase edema cold- vasoconstriction, decrease blood flow, decrease muscle guarding, decrease pain perception, decrease metabolic rate, decrease collagen elasticity, increase capillary permeability
48
thermotherapy examples
heat packs, hot whirlpools, massage, ultrasound, radial pulse, active exercise
49
cryotherapy examples
ice bags, ice baths, ice massages, cold compression, cyrowand
50
evaluation process
1. history- MOI, location, pain level, acute or chronic 2. observation- demeanor, deformity, movement palpation 3. ROM- active, passive 4. MMT- 1-5 5. Special Tests- r/o an injury 6. Neurological/circulatory- sensory, motor, reflexes, capillary return 7. assessment/diagnosis 8. plan of management
51
Functional screening test
functional movement screen, landing error scoring system, overhead squat, single leg squat, tuck jump test
52
tendon/ muscles injuries
compression, tension, shearing, bending (fractures), torsion (spiral and oblique fractures)
53
grade 1 muscles strain
some fibers have been stretched or actually torn
54
grade 2 muscles strain
a number of fibers have been torn (can feel a depression or divot)
55
grade 3 muscle strain
complete rupture of muscle has occurred (significant impairment)
56
Spring ligament of foot
plantar calcaneonavicular
57
arches of foot
metatarsal arch, transverse arch, medial longitudinal arch, lateral longitudinal arch
58
arch abnormailites
pes cavus- high arch (Achilles shortening, excessive supination) pes planus- flat foot (pain in medial arch)
59
Jones fracture
base of 5th metatarsal
60
bunions
head of 1st deformity, over-pronation, flexor and extensor tendon maligned
61
bones of ankle
tibia, fibula, lateral and medial malleolus, calcaneus , talus
62
movements of ankle
inversion, eversion, dorsiflexion, planter flexion
63
Ottawa ankle rules
tenderness on the base of the 5th metatarsal cannot walk more than 4 steps point tender over the medial or lateral distal malleolus tenderness over the navicular bone
64
management for acute ankle sprain
PICE, immobilize for 1-2 days, massage
65
high ankle sprain lig
tibiofibular ligament
66
test for Achilles rupture
Thompsons test (squeeze calf)
67
rehab tecniques for ankle
balance training, ROM, Achilles stretch, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
68
meniscus function
support, cushion, stabilize
69
hamstring muscles
bicep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
70
MOI for MCL
direct contact from the lateral aspect of the knee forcing the knee to bend inward or lateral tibial rotation
71
MOI for PCL
falling directly on the knee at more or less 90 degrees forcing tibia back, or dashboard injury
72
signs and symptoms for MCL injury
hearing a pop, cannot weigh bear, positive valgus stress test, feeling of instability, pain on medial aspect, swelling, loss of ROM,
73
Knee plica
folding of synovial sheet - causes: falling of knee or twist with planted foot
74
structure involved with jumpers' knee
infrapatellar
75
ACL reconstruction
autograft- tissue from the patient's body (90-95% success) hamstring or knee cap allograft- donor tissue (not recommended for females)

Athletic Training (2 decks)

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