Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Language Development > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

(86 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

a process that begins before birth by which a child learns to understand language and communicate

A

language development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

language is learned through these

A

receptive and expressive means

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ability to understand and demonstrate comprehension

A

receptive language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

demonstrated through gestures and words

A

expressive language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

basic elements of language

A

phonology/articulation, semantics, morphology and syntax, and pragmatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

theoretical approaches to language development

A

cognitive interactionists, social interactionists, gestural and usage-based thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

basic elements of language

A

phonology/articulation, semantics, morphology and syntax, and pragmatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do we learn language?

A

biological basis, neurological research, Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, arcuate fasciculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

learning language through research with other species

A

biological basis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

learning language by research into brain that shows lateralization for language

A

neurological research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

left frontal lobe

A

Broca’s area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

left posterior temporal lobe

A

Wernicke’s area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

band of subcortical fibers that connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas

A

arcuate fasciculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a speaker who knows the syntactic rules of a language demonstrates this

A

linguistic competence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the everyday use of the use of language demonstrates this

A

performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when the speaker has acquired all the language rules (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics), they are demonstrating this

A

communicative competence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Skinner, Watson, and Mowrer are key proponents of this theoretical approach to language acquisition

A

behavioral approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

performance over competence (or function) is the main focus of this theoretical approach to language acquisition

A

behavioral approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

language is a skill, a behavior, and a reinforced habit in this theoretical approach to language acquisition

A

behavioral approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the process of forming associations; repeated pairing will cause learning (stimulus forms learning)

A

classical conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

in this theoretical approach, adult in the child’s environment shapes the child as the teacher and provides the reward

A

behavioral approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

behaviorists use this type of conditioning that shapes behaviors by rewards and punishments to shape the correct approximations toward adult speech

A

operant conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

in this theoretical approach, the child is shaped by the adult in the environment

A

behavioral approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

in this theoretical approach, the child is passive and practices what is shown/modeled to them

A

behavioral approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
the source for this theoretical approach is external
behavioral approach
26
research has shown that socially reinforced responses foster child language development in this theoretical approach
behavioral approach
27
research has shown that typical children will learn the modeled form in this theoretical approach
behavioral approach
28
research with disordered children has shown success in this theoretical approach
behavioral approach
29
research cannot demonstrate training in the home environment for this theoretical approach
behavioral approach
30
research cannot prove that gains in language are due to reinforcement in this theoretical approach
behavioral approach
31
Noam Chomsky is the key proponent for this approach
linguistic approach
32
the focus of this approach is that language is innate in humans (grammar form)
linguistic approach
33
LAD
language acquisition device
34
an innate mental mechanism that makes language possible, according to linguists
language acquisition device
35
what are the receptive milestones (9)?
1. alerting (response to sound) (1-2 weeks) 2. orienting - voice (4 months) 3. orienting - to bell (looks to side) (5 months) 4. orient to bell (looks at it) (10 months) 5. 1 step command + gesture (11.5 months) 6. 1 step command without gesture (15 months) 7. points to 1 body part (18 months) 8. points to 5 body parts (23 months) 9. noun and verb and noun with content (24 months)
36
this receptive milestone occurs around 1-2 weeks
alerting (response to sound)
37
this receptive milestone occurs around 4 months
orienting
38
this receptive milestone occurs around 5 months
orienting to bell (looking to the side)
39
this receptive milestone occurs at 10 months
orienting to bell (looking at it)
40
this receptive milestone occurs at 11.5 months
1 step command + gesture
41
this receptive milestone occurs at 15 months
1 step command without gesture
42
this receptive milestone occurs at 18 months
points to 1 body part
43
this receptive milestone occurs at 23 months
points to 5 body parts
44
this receptive milestone occurs at 24 months
noun and verb and noun with content
45
child can mimic/replicate after a model—not part of repertoire, a new action
imitation
46
awareness that objects have separate existence and a function apart from self, awareness of features, categorization
object knowledge
47
this theoretical approach believes that a LAD provides the child with the capacity to learn any language
linguistic approach
48
this theoretical approach believes that the child will have the capacity to take language due to its innate linguistic capabilities that they are endowed with and employ their ability to create sentences
linguistic approach
49
research from 1960-1990 supports this approach by showing that grammar is largely innately programmed
linguistic approach
50
this theoretical approach cannot discount what a child sees, hears, or interacts with on a daily basis in the environment of a learned experience
linguistic approach
51
this theoretical approach has contrary evidence through research and case studies with deaf parents and hearing children that shows exposure does matter when it comes to language development
linguistic approach
52
what are the three types of interactionist approaches?
cognitive, social, and usage-based gestural
53
Piaget is the primary proponent for this type of interactionist approach
cognitive type
54
Bates is the primary proponent for this type of interactionist approach
social type
55
this type of interactionist approach is the newest, and explores the roots of human language in a gesture form
usage-based gesture type
56
the focus of this theoretical approach is that there is a universal need to interact and learn the message (content)
interactionist approach
57
cognitive ability allows for skills in this theoretical approach
interactionist approach
58
interactions map and develop skills in this theoretical approach
interactionist approach
59
this theoretical approach builds knowledge
interactionist approach
60
the need to know is important in this theoretical approach
interactionist approach
61
in this theoretical approach, the child is very social and attempts to understand their world through interacting; the adult assists and facilitates, as well as models the information
interactionist approach
62
understanding that objects have permanence and an identity apart from their own perception
object permanence
63
aspects of this theoretical approach can be supported, research has found
interactionist approach
64
the eclectic nature of this approach takes into consideration each side of the continuum—with both behavioral and linguistic approaches
interactionist approach
65
contrary evidence for this approach, through research studies, has shown that children in isolation demonstrate problems with the cognitive/innate portion of these theories
interactionist approach
66
contrary evidence for this approach has found that language does not seem (or cannot be proven) to be learned in the absence of social interaction
interactionist approach
67
in this approach, language is internal/innate or predisposed to this ability in the child's role
linguistic approach
68
in this approach the source is the child; the adult has a minor role
linguistic approach
69
function
behavioral approach
70
form
linguistic approach
71
content
interactionist approach
72
stimuli and reinforcement governs language acquisition in this linguistic approach
behavioral approach
73
a part of transformational generative grammar; developed by Noam Chomsky, in which surface structure (looking at a sentence) is derived from deep structure (the meaning of a sentence) by the application of transformational rules (research in the 1950s)
transformational syntax
74
pretending to eat with a play spoon or brushing hair with a hair brush are examples of this
symbolic play
75
how does language learning vary?
environment, parents/adults, culture, learning style/personality
76
some children's early lexicons are dominated by words for objects, called this
referential
77
some children's early lexicons are dominated by words or pronouns (mine & me) and function (no, uh-oh) words, call this
expressive
78
research completed by Nelson in 1973 indicated that children learned faster in this group
referential
79
children in this group experienced a slower, steadier rate of language acquisition
expressive
80
this strategy includes a greater user of pronouns
pronominal strategy
81
this strategy includes a greater use of nouns
nominal strategy
82
sources of variation for a child
rate of learning and personality influences (styles of learning—audiological, visual, tactile, etc.)
83
input factors for sources of variation include these
conversational partners who impact learning, parents, siblings, childcare providers, peers, etc.
84
in this source of variation, language acquisition is especially influenced by maternal education
socioeconomic status (SES)
85
research has shown this about socioeconomic statuses in sources of variation for language acquisition
parents talk more to children from higher SES; give less directives than low SES families (ask instead; encourage child to make inferences; middle to upper SES have higher rate of vocabulary development; quantity of words 3-1 learned in high vs. low SES
86
why is it important to know that a child is referential versus expressive?
it can impact the rate of learning

Language Development (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions