Unit 1

Question 1

cartography

Answer 1

science of mapmaking

Question 2

census data

Answer 2

a survey taken that counts people and other demographics

Question 3

contagious diffusion

Answer 3

the spread of an idea/characteristic from person-to-person or online (ex: trends in clothing, slang, humor)

Question 4

culture

Answer 4

a particular group’s material characteristics, behavioral patterns, beliefs, social norms, and attitudes that are shared and transmitted

Question 5

density

Answer 5

how compact or spread out a characteristic/population is

Question 6

diffusion

Answer 6

the spread of a characteristic or idea

Question 7

distance-decay

Answer 7

the idea that the more space between two places, the less interactions they will have

Question 8

distribution

Answer 8

the places where a characteristic/population is spread

Question 9

what is the difference between distribution and density?

Answer 9

distribution focuses on the location, while density focuses on the ratio of the characteristic/population, the numbers

Question 10

equator

Answer 10

an imaginary line in the middle of the Earth which separates the Northern and Southern Hemisphere

Question 11

expansion diffusion

Answer 11

a idea spreading from place to place and within a society with popularity

Question 12

field data

Answer 12

data that is found by physically visiting a location and recording it there

Question 13

formal region

Answer 13

an official region where it shares one universal characteristic (political, economic, cultural)

Question 14

friction of distance

Answer 14

the idea that distance usually requires some amount of effort, money, and/or energy to overcome

Question 15

functional/nodal region

Answer 15

a main focal/nodal point surrounded by it’s connection links (usually trade, communication, and transportation)

Question 16

geospatial data

Answer 16

the location information and features or attributes of places

Question 17

GIS

Answer 17

Geographic Information Systems: a software that creates different map layers of data

Question 18

globalization

Answer 18

impact on local culture and economics caused by increased interaction between geographically distinct regions

Question 19

GPS

Answer 19

a navigational tool that finds a places absolute location

Question 20

gravity model

Answer 20

the interaction between two places can be determined by the product of the population of both places, divided by the distance from one another

Question 21

hierarchical diffusion

Answer 21

a characteristic that is passed from a place/person with power, to someone with less power, repeated

Question 22

hearth

Answer 22

the place where an idea originates from

Question 23

international date line

Answer 23

boundary from which each calendar day starts: When you cross the International Date Line heading east (toward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. When you go west (toward Asia), the calendar moves ahead one day.

Question 24

latitude

Answer 24

coordinate that shows the north/southness of a location

Question 25

location

Answer 25

a place's position on Earth absolute: exact relative: location in relation to other places

Question 26

longitude

Answer 26

coordinates showing how west/east and place is (think: x-coordinates)

Question 27

Mercator projection

Answer 27

good for navigation, but severely distorts the shape. may suggest that euro-centric places are superior than those that are non-white

Question 28

model

Answer 28

theoretical frameworks that let us predict things

Question 29

pattern

Answer 29

arrangement of objects on earth's surface in relationship to one another

Question 30

place

Answer 30

a specific location

Question 31

prime meridian

Answer 31

a line of longitude (stretches from north to south) that is define to 0 degrees, divides earth into eastern and western hemispheres

Question 32

projections

Answer 32

the earth's curved surface being put onto a flat surface, will always result in distortion

Question 33

regions

Answer 33

an area differentiated with a specific characteristic (formal, perceptual, functional, physical)

Question 34

relocation diffusion

Answer 34

idea spreading with the movement of people (ex: English coming to the United States)

Question 35

robinson projection

Answer 35

a curved map that is overall good, but has slight distortions in all areas

Question 36

scale

Answer 36

relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

Question 37

site

Answer 37

absolute location of a settlement on the Earth, includes the physical characteristics of the landscape specifically inside the settlement (climate, soil, etc)

Question 38

situation

Answer 38

settlement is in relation to other settlements and the features of the surrounding area, outside the settlement

Question 39

space

Answer 39

the distance between two locations

Question 40

space-time compression

Answer 40

reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation system (phones, social media, planes)

Question 41

spatial analysis

Answer 41

process of extracting or creating new information about a set of geographic features to perform routine examination, assessment, evaluation, analysis or modeling of data in a geographic area

Question 42

stimulus diffusion

Answer 42

an idea that is adapted/changed, but the underlying principle is still behind it

Question 43

sustainability

Answer 43

the process of using resources that prioritizes the future

Question 44

time zones

Answer 44

an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial and social purposes, separated by approximately 15 degrees longitude

Question 45

toponym

Answer 45

a name for a place with specifics origins or meanings

Question 46

uneven development

Answer 46

development takes place at different rates in different regions

Question 47

vernacular/perceptual region

Answer 47

an unofficial region that holds cultural meaning (Chinatown, Little Italy, The South)

Question 48

simplification

Answer 48

technique where shapes of retained features are altered to enhance visibility and reduce complexity

Question 49

symbolization

Answer 49

graphical device used to visually represent a real-world feature on a map

Question 50

categorization

Answer 50

the specific data/category converyed

Question 51

induction

Answer 51

the generalization and reasoning from details