Unit 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Head
A
Cephalic
2
Q
Skull
A
Cranial/cranium
3
Q
Base of Skull
A
Occipital
4
Q
Face
A
Facial/facies
5
Q
Forehead
A
Frontal/Frons
6
Q
Eye
A
Oculus/Orbital/Ocular
7
Q
Cheek
A
Buccal/Bucca
8
Q
Ear
A
Otic/Auris
9
Q
Nose
A
Nasal/Nasus
10
Q
Neck
A
Cervicis/Cervical
11
Q
Chin
A
Mental/Mentis
12
Q
Mouth
A
Oris/Oral
13
Q
Armpit
A
Axilla/Axillary
14
Q
Upper Arm
A
Brachium/Brachial
15
Q
Front/inner elbow
A
Antecubitis/antecubital
16
Q
Wrist
A
Carpus/Carpal
17
Q
Forearm
A
Antebrachium
18
Q
Elbow
A
Olecranon/Cubital
19
Q
Thumb
A
Pollex
20
Q
Palm
A
Palmar/Palma
21
Q
Fingers
A
Digits/phalangeal
22
Q
Anterior Knee
A
Patella/patellar
23
Q
Posterior Knee
A
Popliteal/Popliteus
24
Q
Lower Leg
A
Crus/crural
25
Ankle
Tarsus/tarsal
26
Calf
Sura/Sural
27
Heel
Calcaneal/Calcaneus
28
Sole of Foot
Plantar/Planta
29
Thigh
Femoral/Femur
30
Buttocks
Gluteal/Gluteus
31
Toes
Digits/Phalanges
32
Great Toe
Hallux
33
Hand
Manual/Manus
34
Foot
Pedal/Pes
35
Pubic
Pubis/perineal
36
Groin
Inguinal/Inguen
37
Pelvis
Pelvic
38
Hip
Coxal
39
Navel
Umbilical/Umbilicus
40
Abdomen
Abdominal
41
Breast
Mammary/mamma
42
Chest
Thorax/Thoracic/Thorcis
43
Shoulder
Acromial
44
Back
Dorsal
45
Loin
Lumbar/Lumbus
46
Sacrum
Sacral
47
Epigastric Region
On top of stomach
48
Umbilical region
Centered on the umbilicus
49
Hypogastric Region
Under the stomach
50
R/L Hypochondriac region
Under the ribs
51
R/L Lumbar Region
In line with lower back on abdominopelvic region
52
R/L Iliac or Inguinal Region
Groin/Flank
53
RUQ/LUQ/RLQ/LLQ
Abdominopelvic Quadrants
54
Dorsal Cavity
Cranial Cavity and Vertebral Cavity
55
Ventral Cavity
Thoracic Cavity and Abdominopelvic Cavity
56
Cranial Cavity
Contains Brain and Skull
57
Vertebral Cavity
Contains Spinal Cord and Vertebrae
58
Thoracic Cavity
Pleural Cavity, Pericardial Cavity and Medistinum
59
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity and Pelvic Cavity
60
Sectional planes
Frontal, Sagittal, and Transverse
61
Midsagittal
Left from right - Dividing body into two equal mirror image parts.
62
Parasagittal
All other sagittal planes.
63
Sagittal/longitudinal Plane
Divides left from right sides
64
Frontal/Coronal Plane
Divides Anterior from Posterior
65
Transverse/Horizontal/Axial Plane
Divides Superior from Inferior
66
Oblique Plane
Any plane or section that does not fit the other S, F, T planes. (Diagonally etc)
67
Superior
Top
68
Inferior
Bottom
69
Cranial
Towards head
70
Caudal
Towards buttocks/tail
71
Medial
Towards midline
72
Lateral
Away from midline
73
Proximal
Closer to joint/origin
74
Distal
Further from joint/origin
75
Anterior/Ventral
Front
76
Posterior/Dorsal
Back
77
Ipsilateral
Same side of midline
78
Contralateral
Opposite side of midline
79
Superficial
Closer to surface
80
Deep
Closer to core
81
Parietal
Membrane surface closest to cavity wall
82
Visceral
Membrane surface closest to organ
83
Anatomical Position
Standing erect, facing observer, head level, eyes front, arms at sides, palms facing forward, and feet forward.
84
Levels of organization (Smallest to Largest)
1. Chemical
- Atomic
- Molecular
2. Cellular
3. Tissue
4. Organ
5. System
6. Organism
85
Embryology
First 8 weeks of development
86
Developmental Biology
All stages of development
87
Cell Biology
Cell structure and function
88
Histology
Microscopic structure of tissue
89
Surface anatomy
Surface markings, visualization and palpitation.
90
Gross Anatomy
Structure viewed Without a microscope
91
System Anatomy
Specific systems (digestive system)
92
Regional Anatomy
Structure specific regions of the body (thorax/cervical)
93
Radiographic Anatomy
Structures via CT, MRI, and XRAY
94
Pathological Anatomy
Structural change with disease
95
Neurophysiology
Functional properties of Nerve cells
96
Endocrinology
Hormones and how they control body functions
97
Cardiovascular Physiology
Function of heart and blood vessels
98
Immunology
Function of body’s defense system
99
Respiratory Physiology
Function of lungs, air passageways and gas exchange
100
Renal physiology
Function of Kidney
101
Exercise Physiology
Change function with muscular activity
102
Pathophysiology
Functional changes with disease and aging
103
Anatomy
Study of Structure
104
Physiology
Study of Function
105
Homeostasis
Equilibrium or balance in the body’s internal environment due to the constant interaction of the body’s many regulatory processes
106
Integumentary System
1. Protects
2. Regulates temperature/fluid
3. Sense organ
Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous
107
Skeletal System
1. Supports
2. Protects
3. Point of attachment for muscles
4. Calcium, minerals, and lipids stored
Axial (core) and Appendicular (limbs)
108
Muscular System
1. Produces movement
2. Stabilization for position/posture
3. Generates heat
Skeletal (voluntary), cardiac, and smooth (blood vessels/gut wall)
109
Nervous System
1. Generates action potentials to regulate activities
2. Detects and acts on internal/external changes
Cerebrum + Cerebellum (brain) and Spinal Cord
110
Endocrine System
1. Regulates long term
2. Growth, threats, fluid, mineral, energy balance, and reproductive cycles.
- Hypothalamus (homeostatic feedback)
- Thyroid (neck)
- Thymus (mediastinum, immune cells)
- Adrenal glands (kidney, 2)
- Pancreas (insulin)
- Testes
- Ovaries
111
Syndrome
Group of signs and/or symptoms that commonly occur together.
112
Metabolic Syndrome
Combo of 3 or more of;
1. Hypertension
2. Dyslipidemia
3. Obesity
4. Type 2 diabetes
113
Hypotension Signs/Symptoms
1. Dizziness
2. Fainting
3. Seizures
4. Stiff neck
5. SOB/shallow breaths
6. Pale skin
7. Sweating&fever
8. Diarrhea or vomiting
9. Thirst, fatigue, depression
10. Headache
114
Hypertension signs/symptoms
1. Depression/anxiety
2. Heart disease
3. Sexual problems
4. Stroke
5. Loss of vision
6. Kidney disease
7. Bone loss
115
Metric System Base Units
Meter (m) - Length
Gram (g) - mass
Liter (L) - volume
Second (s) - time
Celsius (*C) - temperature
Mole (mol) - amount of matter
116
Tera
T
10^12
117
Giga
G
10^9
118
Mega
M
10^6
119
Kilo
k
10^3
120
Hecto
h
10^2
121
Deca
da
10^1
122
Deci
d
10^-1
123
Centi
c
10^-2
124
Milli
m
10^-3
125
Micro
10^-6
126
Nano
n
10^-9
127
Pico
p
10^-12
128
Lymphatic System
1. Returns protein/fluid to blood
2. Lymphocytes mature and proliferate
Thymus gland (mediastinum)
Spleen (near stomach LUQ)
Appendix (near cecum)
129
Cardiovascular System
1. Pumps blood
2. Carries oxygen/nutrients to cells
3. Regulates acid base
4. Temperature/water balance
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Heart
Right Atrium/Left Atrium
Right ventricle/Left ventricle
130
Respiratory System
1.Transfers oxygen to blood
2.Transfers carbon dioxide from blood
3.Helps with acid base
4. Vocal cords produce sound
Nostrils/nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Larynx
Trachea
Lungs
Diaphragm
131
Digestive system
1. Physical and chemical breakdown of food
2. Absorbs, nutrients, and water.
3. Eliminate solid waste.
Mouth/tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, cecum, appendix, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas
132
Urinary system
1. Produces stores in eliminate waste/urine
2. Helps maintain acid base and balance of fluids
3. Regulates production of red blood cells
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
