Unit 1

Question 1

Superior definition

Answer 1

Above

Question 2

Inferior definition

Answer 2

Below

Question 3

Proximal definition

Answer 3

Near to the root or origin

Question 4

Distal definition

Answer 4

Away fro the root or origin

Question 5

Medial definition

Answer 5

Towards the midline or axis
(an imaginary line down the centre of the body)

Question 6

Lateral Defnition

Answer 6

Away from the midlines or axis

Question 7

Anterior definition

Answer 7

To the front or in front

Question 8

Posterior definition

Answer 8

To the rear or behind

Question 9

Long bone definition

Answer 9

The bones found in the limbs
They have a shaft know as the diaphysis and two expanded ends know as the epiphysis.

Question 10

Short bones definition

Answer 10

Small, light, strong, cube shaped bones consisting of cancellous bon surrounded by a thin layer of compact bone.

Question 11

Flat bone definition

Answer 11

Thin, flattened and slightly curved, with a large surface area

Question 12

Irregular bones definition

Answer 12

Have complex shapes that fit none of the categories of the others.

Question 13

Sesamoid bones definition

Answer 13

Have a specialised function and are usually found within a tendon. These bones provide a smooth surface for the tendon to slide over.

Question 14

Order of the vertebral column

Answer 14

Cervical Vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacral Vertebrae
Coccygeal vertebrae

Question 15

Number of vertebrates in Cervical Vertebrae

Answer 15

7

Question 16

Number of vertebrates in Thoracic vertebrae

Answer 16

12

Question 17

Number of vertebrates in Lumbar vertebrae

Answer 17

5

Question 18

Number of vertebrates in Sacral Vertebrae

Answer 18

5

Question 19

Number of vertebrates in Coccygeal vertebrae

Answer 19

4

Question 20

What are the two postural defects

Answer 20

Kyphosis
Scoliosis

Question 21

Kyphosis

Answer 21

The result of this condition is hunchback because it is the excessive outward curve of the thoracic region on the spine. This is often caused by poor posture but can be caused by deformities of the vertebrae.

Question 22

Function of the skeletal system

Answer 22

Support
Protection
Attachment for skeletal muscle
Source of blood cell production
Store of minerals
Leverage
Weight bearing
Reducing friction across joints

Question 23

Function of Long bones
Examples of long bones

Answer 23

Movment, Support, Red blood cell production
Femur, Humerus, Tibia, Radius, Ulna

Question 24

Function of Short bones
Examples of Short bones

Answer 24

Fine or small movements, shock absorption, Stability, Weight bearing
Carpals, Tarsals

Question 25

Function of Flat bones Examples of Flat bones

Answer 25

Attachment for muscles, protection Sternum, scapula, pelvis, cranium

Question 26

Function of Sesamoid bones Examples of Sesamoid bones

Answer 26

Protection, reduction of friction across a joint Patella, Pisiform (wrist)

Question 27

Function of Irregular bones Examples of Irregular bones

Answer 27

Protection (Spinal cord), movement Vertebrae

Question 28

Ossification

Answer 28

The remodelling of the bone

Question 29

Osteoclasts

Answer 29

Bring calcium to the vine

Question 30

Osteoblasts

Answer 30

Break down the old and damaged bones calcium

Question 31

Epiphyseal line

Answer 31

When you finish growing

Question 32

Diaphysis

Answer 32

The shaft of the bone of the bone that has got bigger

Question 33

synovial joints (6)

Answer 33

HINGE JOINT BALL AND SOCKET GLIDING JOINT PIVOT JOINT SADDLE JOINT CONDLOID JOINT

Question 34

The range of movement at a synovial joints

Answer 34

-Flexion -Extension -Dorsiflexion -Plantar flexion -Lateral flexion -Horizontal flexion/extension -Hyper-extension -Abduction -Adduction -

Question 35

Different types of muscles

Answer 35

-Skeletal muscles -Cardiac muscles -Smooth muscles

Question 36

Skeletal muscles (4)

Answer 36

-known as striated or striped -Voluntary, which means it is under conscious control -they are vital for sport and exercise as they are connected to the skeletal system via tendons and are primary used for movements. -They can become fatigued during exercise

Question 37

Cardiac muscle (7)

Answer 37

- only found in the wall of the heart -work continuously -it is involuntary -it has its own blood supply -its contraction helps to force blood through your blood vessels to all parts of the body -each contraction and relaxation of your heart muscles as a whole represents one heart beat -does not fatigue

Question 38

Smooth muscle (4)

Answer 38

-involuntary -function under the control of your nervous system -it is located in the wall of your digestive system and blood vessels -helps to regulate digestion and blood pressure