Unit 1 Flashcards
Natural rights
People are born free and equal; if violated by govt, the people can take it back
Social contract
Give up some rights for security provided by the govt
Popular sovereignty
People are the ultimate ruling authority
What was a result of Shay’s Rebellion?
-realization for a stronger federal govt
-constitutional convention is called
Virginia Plan
Proposed 3 branches of govt, a bicameral legislation, and representation by the population
New Jersey Plan
Focused on state sovereignty with a limited govt
Great Compromise
-bicameral legislation (house and senate)
-one delegate from each state
-20 year ban on slave trade
What is the electoral college?
The state representatives vote
Federalistss
Supported the constitution and wrote the federalist papers
Anti-federalists
Opposed the constitution
Nullification
States can void a law if felt unconstitutional
Direct democracy
Voting via direct participation
Pluralist
Direct voting but non govt. organizations also exert influence on voting decisions
Elite democracy
Voters elect officials to make decisions for them
Unitary state
One governing body with a uniform law
Extradition
Obligates states to send back criminals
Concurrent powers
Powers given to both the states and federal govt
Delegated powers
Expressed powers not given to the federal govt
Reserved powers
Any powers not mentioned are for the states
Compact theory
States created the federal govt and can tell the govt what to do; challenges the supremacy clause
McCulloch v Maryland
Addressed whether the federal government had implied powers and supremacy regarding the federal bank (necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause)
Dual federalism
Both the national and state governments supreme in their own sphere
16th amendment
Federal income tax that gave the federal government much more money
Cooperative (fiscal) federalism
Congress collects federal tax revenue and redistributes that money to the states. Lines where state power ends and govt power begins are blurred
