Unit 1

Question 1

What is Nature

Answer 1

Genetic factors that influence the development of behavior

Question 2

What does the nucleus contain the most of?

Answer 2

Genetic information

Question 3

What do we mean by genetic factors?

Answer 3

The genetics of sex (X and Y Chromosomes)

Question 4

Cell body (Soma) contains what?

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 5

What is inside the nucleus?

Answer 5

‘thread-like’ structures called chromosomes

Question 6

Chromosomes have what inside them

Answer 6

Two strands of DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 7

How many bases are in DNA?

Answer 7

4 nucleotide bases

Question 8

What are the nucleotide bases called?

Answer 8

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine or A,T,G,C

Question 9

Portions of DNA contain what?

Answer 9

Information to code for proteins

Question 10

What is Nurture?

Answer 10

Experiences influence behavior development

Question 11

What is required for experimentation?

Answer 11

Manipulation and Random Assignment

Question 12

Manipulation

Answer 12

actively interfering with the stream of events

Question 13

Random Assignment

Answer 13

Everyone in your sample has the same opportunity to be assigned to an experimental/control group

Question 14

Independent Variable (IV)

Answer 14

something is manipulated

Question 15

Dependent Variable (DV)

Answer 15

something that is measured

Question 16

Control group

Answer 16

a typical situation

Question 17

Experimental group

Answer 17

gets the manipulation (IV)

Question 18

Extraneous Variable

Answer 18

an undesirable variable that ADDS ERROR to variables an experimenter is examining.

Question 19

N size

Answer 19

the total number of subjects/people/animals in the study

Question 20

Single blind

Answer 20

participants don’t know what group they are in

Question 21

Double Blind

Answer 21

participants AND experimenter do not know which group the participants are in

Question 22

Confounding variables

Answer 22

extraneous variables that vary with levels of the IV and offer an alternative explanation for the results of the experiment

Question 23

Operational defintion

Answer 23

how a concept in a specific research situation is measured

Question 24

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 24

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 25

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 25

nerves that extend from the brain to the rest of the body

Question 26

Somatic

Answer 26

means skin (temp, pain, hard or soft, what you can detect through your skin)

Question 27

Hemispheres

Answer 27

half of the brain (left hemisphere, right hemisphere)

Question 28

Sulci

Answer 28

are valleys in the brain

Question 29

Gyri

Answer 29

the top of the valleys

Question 30

White/Grey Matter

Answer 30

White matter gets its color because of fat; Grey matter is made up of cell bodies which in turn gives it a grey color.

Question 31

Sagittal

Answer 31

(side) looking at the brain from the side

Question 32

Coronal

Answer 32

(front) looking at the brain from the front

Question 33

Horizontal

Answer 33

(top) looking at the brain from the top

Question 34

Hindbrain

Answer 34

Reticular formation, Pons, Cerebellum, and Medulla

Question 35

Reticular formation

Answer 35

involved in arousal. Can fluctuate throughout the day due to energy levels

Question 36

Pons

Answer 36

sleep and dreaming

Question 37

Cerebellum

Answer 37

Coordinating movement

Question 38

Medulla

Answer 38

sustaining life

Question 39

Midbrain

Answer 39

Super colliculus, Inferior colliculus, and Substantia Nigra

Question 40

Substantia Nigra

Answer 40

produces dopamine, a neurotransmitter essential for smooth and coordinated movements

Question 41

Superior colliculus

Answer 41

orients you to movement (moving multiple things at once)

Question 42

Inferior Colliculus

Answer 42

orients you to sound (loud noise or small noise can take our attention away)

Question 43

Hippocampus

Answer 43

learning and memory

Question 44

Amygdala

Answer 44

emotions

Question 45

Pituitary gland

Answer 45

releases hormones

Question 46

hypothalamus

Answer 46

involved in the four F's: fear feeding, fighting, and making love

Question 47

Thalamus

Answer 47

the function is a major sensory relay station (Sight and hearing go to the thalamus and then it tells it where to go from there)

Question 48

Cerebral cortex

Answer 48

Broca's area, Wernicke's area, motor cortex, and somatosensory cortex

Question 49

Broca's area

Answer 49

can only be found in the left hemisphere of human brains and it's function is making language

Question 50

Wernicke's area

Answer 50

only in the left hemisphere and is involved in understanding language

Question 51

Motor cortex

Answer 51

moves muscle

Question 52

Somatosensory cortex

Answer 52

receives information from the world around us, typically through the skin

Question 53

Dendrties

Answer 53

receives information

Question 54

Myelin

Answer 54

sends information faster through the axon and is electric

Question 55

Ion channels

Answer 55

proteins create holes in neurons that allow ions to pass through

Question 56

Ions

Answer 56

Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride

Question 57

Sodium

Answer 57

Na+

Question 58

Potassium

Answer 58

K+

Question 59

Chloride

Answer 59

(Cl-)

Question 60

Action Potential

Answer 60

an electrical charge that travels down an axon

Question 61

2 Mechanisms that End Neurotransmitter Action

Answer 61

Reuptake and Enzymatic Degradation