unit 1 Flashcards
Who was William Lloyd Garrison?
A white abolitionist and journalist who founded The Liberator and advocated for immediate emancipation.
Who was John Brown?
A white abolitionist who led the Harpers Ferry raid in 1859 to incite a slave rebellion.
Who was Arthur Schomburg?
A historian and collector of African American history, whose work laid the foundation for the Schomburg Center.
Who was Carter G. Woodson?
The ‘Father of Black History,’ who founded Negro History Week, which later became Black History Month.
Who was Richard Allen?
A former slave who founded the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church.
Who was Harriet Jacobs?
An enslaved woman who wrote Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, detailing her struggles for freedom.
Who was Gabriel Prosser?
A literate enslaved blacksmith who planned a large slave rebellion in Virginia in 1800.
Who was Denmark Vesey?
A freedman who planned a massive slave revolt in Charleston in 1822 but was caught before it happened.
Who was Nat Turner?
Led a violent slave rebellion in Virginia in 1831, resulting in harsher slave laws.
Who was Cinque?
Leader of the 1839 Amistad slave ship revolt.
Who was Hiram Revels?
The first African American U.S. Senator, elected in 1870 during Reconstruction.
When and why was the first Black Studies department founded?
It was founded in 1968 at San Francisco State University due to student activism demanding an inclusive curriculum.
What were the three major West African kingdoms?
Ghana, Mali, and Songhay.
What is the African diaspora?
The worldwide dispersal of African-descended people due to slavery and migration.
How was slavery in Africa different from the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
African slavery was often temporary and not based on race, while the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was permanent, hereditary, and racialized.
How many Africans were brought to the New World via the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
About 12.5 million, with most going to the Caribbean and South America.
What were Painter’s three stages of enslavement?
Capture, the Middle Passage, and sale into slavery.
Why were Africans chosen for slavery in the U.S.?
They were seen as more resilient to disease, had agricultural skills, and were easily identifiable due to race.
What are Painter’s three dimensions of African American religion?
African spiritual traditions, Christian influences, and social activism.
What did Thomas Jefferson conclude about African Americans?
He believed they were inferior and could not coexist with whites, supporting colonization efforts.
What was the American Colonization Society?
A group that advocated for the migration of freed African Americans to Africa, leading to the creation of Liberia.
Who invented the cotton gin, and what was its impact?
Eli Whitney; it increased the demand for enslaved labor in the South.
What was the difference between Presidential and Congressional Reconstruction?
Presidential Reconstruction (lenient) vs. Congressional Reconstruction (harsher, aimed at protecting African American rights).
Who were the Buffalo Soldiers?
African American soldiers who served in the U.S. military after the Civil War.
