Unit 1+2 Test

Question 1

The first civilizations in the Americas differed from the first civilizations in Africa and Asia because they…

Answer 1

Developed in mountain valleys, fertile lowlands, and highland areas

Question 2

What is one of the basic features of civilization?

Answer 2

Organized government

Question 3

As villages grew into cities, social organization became more complex. What were people ranked according to?

Answer 3

Their jobs

Question 4

Immediate changes in ancient civilizations were often caused by what?

Answer 4

Environmental changes and events

Question 5

How did the development of spoken language help Stone Age people?

Answer 5

It allowed people to cooperate and perhaps make plans for the future

Question 5

As methods of cultural diffusion, what do migration, trade, and warfare have in common?

Answer 5

They each cause interaction between people from different cultures

Question 6

Why are the roots of the Neolithic Revolution traced to the development of farming?

Answer 6

Farming allowed people to live in permanent villages year-round

Question 7

How did the social structure develop in settled farming villages during the Neolithic Revolution?

Answer 7

Men began dominating social, political, and economic life

Question 8

What is most likely the reason Neolithic peoples formed governments?

Answer 8

Organize large public works projects

Question 9

What would be different about modern society if the Neolithic Revolution had not occurred?

Answer 9

People would not live in large towns and cities

Question 10

Earliest civilizations developed around what geographic feature

Answer 10

Rivers

Question 10

The study of past people and cultures through their material remains

Answer 10

Archaeology

Question 11

A political unit that includes a city and its surrounding lands and villages is called what?

Answer 11

City-state

Question 12

People who moved from place to place in search of food are called what

Answer 12

Nomads

Question 13

The belief that spirits inhabit plants, animals, or other natural objects is known as?

Answer 13

Animism

Question 13

First written languages where written in what form?

Answer 13

Cuneiform

Question 14

What is the name given to the oldest complete humanoid skeleton

Answer 14

Lucy

Question 14

What are some ways we can learn about a civilization without understanding their written records?

Answer 14

We can learn about them through the artifacts they left behind

Question 14

The pivotal change in human societies from hunting and gathering to a more settled way of life based on agriculture and domestication of animals was?

Answer 14

Neolithic Revolution

Question 14

Why do historians believe that the Harappan Civilization was mostly peaceful?

Answer 14

Historians believe this because there is no evidence of war. There is no evidence of war in any form including art, war weapons, or signs of destruction to prove otherwise

Question 14

What are objects made by humans and studied by historians

Answer 14

Artifacts

Question 15

What evidence suggests that many people moved to Mohenjo Daro from far away? Why might people travel long distances to Harrappa?

Answer 15

The evidence that helps prove the theory of migration into Mohenjo Daro is by analyzing their teeth. They also saw the art that showed people wearing a variety of clothing and hairstyles. They also probably moved for trade.

Question 16

Because people in Harappa were not fighting, what other skills could they have developed?

Answer 16

They developed skills in architecture and plumbing

Question 17

Why would having standard and uniform weights and measures be important for a civilization?

Answer 17

It can help build in relation to the topography of the region

Question 18

What modern conveniences and technology did the people of Harrappan have?

Answer 18

Plumbing and architecture

Question 19

The _______ civilization was able to achieve a peaceful society where war was not fought. Because of this, they where able to develop modern day skills such as plumbing and architecture.

Answer 19

Harrappan

Question 20

Group of hominids nicknamed the handy man because archaeologists originally thought they where the first group of hominids to use stone tools. However, they did create stone tools, and used them to do things such as cut, scrape, chop, or saw plants, animals, or wood.

Answer 20

Homo Habilis

Question 21

Earliest group of Homonids

Answer 21

Australopithecines

Question 22

Upright man since their skeletons showed they where fully upright walkers. They where known to have large brains and bones and small teeth compared to other groups. Believed to be the first group to create fire. Created the first tool called a hand axe and their remains have been found throughout Europe and Asia.

Answer 22

Homo erectus

Question 22

Theory that states that Homo Sapiens first lived in Africa and then migrated to other areas of the world.

Answer 22

Out of Africa Theory

Question 23

Modern day humans

Answer 23

Homo sapiens

Question 24

The two groups that emerged from homo sapiens.

Answer 24

Neanderthals and earliest modern humans

Question 24

One of the two groups that originally developed from homo sapiens, that spread through out the world.

Answer 24

Early modern humans

Question 25

Where did Neanderthals mostly live?

Answer 25

Europe and Asia

Question 26

After Neanderthals died out, what is the other group that even still to this day is the only hominid group still on earth?

Answer 26

Modern day humans

Question 27

What are the two sections human prehistory is divided into?

Answer 27

1) Old Stone Age (paleolithic period) (2 million - 12,000 years) 2) New Stone Age (neolithic period) (12,000 - 5,000 years)

Question 28

What where many people in the Old Stone Age?

Answer 28

Nomads

Question 29

What where the roles of men and women in the Old Stone Age?

Answer 29

Women/Children: gathered food Men: hunted +fished

Question 30

During which two periods did people work with stone?

Answer 30

Old Stone Age and New Stone Age

Question 31

During what stone age did people develop skills and technology?

Answer 31

New Stone Age

Question 32

Did humans use fire 1 million years ago?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

What are some advantages from the use of fire?

Answer 33

Cooking, keeping animals away, staying warm

Question 34

Where Paleolithic people nomads?

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

About how many people where in each paleolithic nomad group?

Answer 35

20-30

Question 36

What did the Paleolithic nomads depend on when strategizing for survival

Answer 36

- They depended on the environment and their surroundings - Tools/Weapons

Question 37

T or F The people from the Old Stone Age adapted accordingly to their environments

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What where some tools that people in the Old Stone Age created?

Answer 38

Digging sticks, spears, axes from stone, bone and wood

Question 39

What was the purpose of developing languages between the Paleolithic nomads?

Answer 39

When hunting + to discuss future plans

Question 40

Where is the ancient civilization of Sumar located?

Answer 40

In between the Tigris and Euphrates

Question 41

What does the term "land between the rivers" refer to and what rivers are they talking about?

Answer 41

Mesopotamia is between the Tigris-Euphrates rivers.

Question 42

Region of the middle east where civilizations first began.

Answer 42

Fertile crescent

Question 43

Unpredictable flooding, no natural protection, and limited resources where all challenges of which ancient civilization?

Answer 43

Mesopotamia

Question 44

Invented the wheel, the sail, the plow, math, and geometry along with cuneiform.

Answer 44

Sumer

Question 45

What is the Epic of Gilgamesh?

Answer 45

A series of Sumerian poems.

Question 46

Where was Sargon the great from?

Answer 46

Greece

Question 47

T or F Sargon the great defeated the city states of Sumer.

Answer 47

True: He conquered all of them.

Question 48

What was the world’s first empire and who was it founded by?

Answer 48

Akkad (founded by Sargon the Great)

Question 49

T or F The middle east was peaceful in ancient times.

Answer 49

False: There were many wars happening

Question 50

What civilization was created 150 years after Sumer?

Answer 50

Babylon

Question 51

Babylon empire reached its peak during the reign of who?

Answer 51

Hammurabi

Question 52

T or F Hammurabi's law wasn't that harsh like other civilizations

Answer 52

False: It was very violent and had some of the most gruesome punishments.

Question 53

What Age was created during the time of the Hitties.

Answer 53

Iron age

Question 54

Where did the Hitties come to Mesopotamia from

Answer 54

Asia Minor or Turkey

Question 55

What where the Hitties experts in

Answer 55

Iron work

Question 56

What did their good iron work allow for the Hitties to have?

Answer 56

Larger armies

Question 56

How many years since Sumer had passed when the Assyrians conquered Mesopotamia?

Answer 56

2,000

Question 57

Possibly the first people to use crucifixion

Answer 57

Assyrians

Question 58

Founded the first library with work from the whole fertile crescent.

Answer 58

Assyrians

Question 59

T or F the Assyrians had a reputation for being unproblematic

Answer 59

False: They were known for being cruel

Question 60

Who did the Assyrians fall to?

Answer 60

Nebuchadnezzar from the New Babylonian empire

Question 61

Who unified the Persian empire?

Answer 61

Daruis I

Question 61

T or F Babylon had 2 parts to it

Answer 61

True: Southern Mesopotamia and part of Assyria to the north

Question 62

Who did the second round of Babylon fall to?

Answer 62

Persia

Question 63

T or F The Persians hated their people and were very strict.

Answer 63

False: They were very tolerant and allowed people to keep their customs and religions

Question 64

What system was established by Darius I once he unified Persia?

Answer 64

Bureaucracy

Question 65

How was Persia divided once Daruis took over?

Answer 65

Provinces and was governed by satraps (governors)

Question 66

Who established common weights and measures in Persia`

Answer 66

Darius I

Question 67

Founded by Zoroaster; rejected polytheism in favor of monotheism; belief of good god in constant battle with evil; belief of good judgement and afterlife

Answer 67

Zoroastrianism

Question 67

Powerful traders in the Mediterranean

Answer 67

Phoenicians

Question 68

Most important city states of the Phoenicians

Answer 68

Tyre and Sidon

Question 69

Had colonies along northern coast of Africa and coasts of Sicily, Sardinia, and Spain

Answer 69

Phoenicians

Question 70

T or F The Phoenicians created an alphabet

Answer 70

True