Unit 1 Flashcards

(32 cards)

0
Q

Block Grant

A

Large amount of money provided by the government for a broad reason

Example: education

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1
Q

Bicameral Legislature

A

2 house legislature–>Congress is made up of both the Senate and House of Representatives

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2
Q

Categorical Grant

A

Amount of money provided by the government for a more specific reason

Example: science department

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3
Q

Centralist

A

Someone who supported a strong central/national government (federalist)

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4
Q

Checks and Balances

A

A system devised so that each branch of government can “check” another branch so that no one is able to abuse their power

Example: president can veto a law

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5
Q

Commerce Clause

A

Congress has the ability to regulate state/foreign trade

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6
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

Powers that are shared with both the national and state governments

Example: elections or taxes

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7
Q

Confederation

A

Group of people who work together as a government

Example: the southern states when they seceded from the union

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8
Q

Decentralists

A

People who supported a government where states had more power (anti-federalists)

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9
Q

Direct Democracy

A

When the people directly make changes to legislation and public policy

Example: Greek government (long ago)

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10
Q

Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)

A

Clause allows the national government to make any laws “necessary” for running the government constitutionally

Example: Patriot Act after 9/11 (necessary because terrorism is now a serious threat/problem)

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11
Q

Electorate

A

People who are able to vote

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12
Q

Enumerated Powers

A

Powers listed directly in the constitution

Example: congress has the power to declare war

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13
Q

Federalism

A

The division between state and national government in which they share powers

Example: Dual, New and Coopertive Federalism

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14
Q

Dual Federalism

A

National government is more limited and the powers are strictly divided between national/state government (state has more power)

Example: layer cake

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15
Q

Cooperative Federalism

A

When federal and state governments work together and share power to solve problems for the good of the people

Example: marble cake

16
Q

New Federalism

A

Much more limited central government (provides more power to states)–>with Reagan

17
Q

Federalist Papers

A

Written by Madison, he wrote newspaper articles trying to convince NY to support and ratify the constitution

Example: No. 10- factions

18
Q

Formal Amendment

A

2/3 of congress vote and 3/4 of the states ratify an amendment

19
Q

Indirect Democracy

A

When people indirectly participate in government by voting for politicians

Aka- representative republic

20
Q

Informal Amendment

A

Elastic Clause allows for the government to make laws as time goes on and society calls for new rules and laws

21
Q

Inherent Powers

A

Deals with foreign affairs (national government)

22
Q

Judicial Review

A

Power of the courts to deem a law or presidential action to be unconstitutional

23
Q

Marbury vs Madison

A

Court case that established judicial review–>Adams stacked the judges before leaving his term as president and Jefferson refused to deliver the court commissions so Marbury filed for a writ of mandamus, but it was denied and considered unconstitutional

24
McCulloch vs Maryland
Declared national supremacy when the state of Maryland tried to tax the national government-->in a tied dispute the national government has more power/authority
25
Policing Powers
Powers given to the local government Example: speeding or parking
26
Popular Sovereignty
Government by the people
27
Reserved Powers
Powers reserved for the state because they were not declared in the Constitution to the national government
28
Seperation of Powers
3 branches--> Executive Legislative Judicial
29
Shay's Rebellion
An uprising by the farmers who felt that they were being treated unfairly through the Articles
30
Supermajority
2/3
31
Unicameral
One house-->British Parliament