Unit 1 Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
The decision to raise taxes is an example of
A. public policy.
B. executive power.
C. the force theory.
D. democracy.
A
A
2
Q
Which of the following statements about sovereign states is false?
A. Sovereign states have supreme power within their own borders.
B. Sovereign states may be the colonies or territories of other states.
C. Sovereign states decide their own foreign and domestic policies.
D. Sovereign states may be dictatorships.
A
B
3
Q
Which of the following is a necessary characteristic of a “state” (or nation in today’s usage)? (Mark all that apply.)
A. Territory B. Military C. Government D. Wealth E. Sovereignty F. Population
A
A. Territory
C. Government
E. Sovereignty
F. Population
4
Q
1.An institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies
A
C. Government
5
Q
2.The power of government is held by the people and exercised by majority rule.
A
D. Democracy
6
Q
3.The power of government is held by one individual or small group of people and is not responsible to the people.
A
H. Dictatorship
7
Q
4.The process by which a society decides how power and resources will be distributed within that society.
A
I. Politics
8
Q
5.The power of a nation to govern its own territory and determine its own domestic and foreign policies.
A
F. Sovereignty
9
Q
6.A document which defines the principles, structures, and processes of a government
A
E. Constitution
10
Q
7.The power to make laws
A
G. Legislative
11
Q
8.The power to enforce, execute, administer, carry out, etc. the law
A
B. Executive
12
Q
9.The power to interpret the law
A
J. Judicial
13
Q
10.How government addresses issues like education, defense, the environment, etc.
A
A. Public Policies
14
Q
Locke, Harrington, Hobbes, and Rousseau would most likely agree that
A. those of royal birth should rule the state.
B. government should be eliminated.
C. the state developed out of force.
D. the state exists to serve the will of the people.
A
D
15
Q
Which of the following is a purpose of the government of the United States as outlined in the Preamble of the Constitution? (Mark all that apply.)
A. To defend the nation against foreign enemies
B. To uphold and protect individuals’ rights and liberties
C. To provide justice and equality before the law
D. To provide needed services to citizens
E. To provide domestic order and peace
A
All of the Above
16
Q
Which of the following most accurately describes the divine right theory of the origin of states?
A. States began when people agreed to give up power to the state to promote the general well-being.
B. States were patterned after the institution of the family.
C. God gave rulers the right to run states.
D. States originated when the strongest individual(s) imposed their rule on others.
A
C
17
Q
Which of the following theories had the greatest influence on the formation of United States government?
A. Evolutionary theory
B. Social contract theory
C. Force theory
D. Divine right theory
A
B
18
Q
Which of the following most accurately describes the evolutionary theory of the origin of states?
A. God gave rulers the right to run states.
B. States began when people agreed to give up power to the state to promote the general well-being.
C. States originated when the strongest individual(s) imposed their rule on others.
D. States were patterned after the institution of the family.
A
D
19
Q
Which of the following most accurately describes the force theory of the origin of states?
A. States began when people agreed to give up power to the state to promote the general well-being.
B. States originated when the strongest individual(s) imposed their rule on others.
C. God gave rulers the right to run states.
D. States were patterned after the institution of the family.
A
B
20
Q
In a parliamentary government, the prime minister
A. is chosen by the executive branch.
B. is subject to the legislature’s control.
C. has absolute power.
D. is chosen by the people.
A
B
21
Q
Which of the following is a false statement?
A. The United States developed the presidential system and is the leading example of this type of system.
B. In a parliamentary system of government the prime minister and cabinet must resign if they lose the support of a majority of the legislature.
C. The majority of government systems in the world today are presidential.
D. Confederate governments are rare and generally lack authority.
A
C
22
Q
A government can be both
A. unitary and parliamentary.
B. parliamentary and presidential.
C. federal and unitary.
D. confederate and dictatorial.
A
A
23
Q
Which of the following is a false statement?
A. England town meetings are an example of direct democracy.
B. Direct democracy is also called pure democracy.
C. Direct democracy and a republic are the same form of government.
D. Direct democracy does not exist at the national level anywhere in the world today.
A
C
24
Q
Which of the following are dictatorships? (Mark all that apply.)
A. Autocracy
B. Confederacy
C. Oligarchy
D. Anarchy
A
A&C
25
The government system of the United States is a/an (Mark all that apply.)
```
A. federal system.
B. confederacy.
C. direct democracy.
D. autocracy.
E. indirect democracy.
```
A&E
26
The inability to resolve conflicts is sometimes a characteristic of a
A. parliamentary government.
B. presidential government.
C. unitary government.
D. dictatorship.
B
27
Which of the following are criteria used to classify and compare governments? (Mark all that apply.)
A. Who can participate in the government process?
B. Geographic distribution of power within the state (nation)
C. Population
D. The historical era in which a government existed
E. The relationship between legislative and executive branches of government
A,B,&E
28
The government system of the United States is a/an (Mark all that apply.)
```
A. unitary government.
B. parliamentary government.
C. representative democracy.
D. oligarchy.
E. presidential government.
```
C&E
29
Which of the following is a false statement regarding dictatorships?
A. In today's world, one person dictatorships are common.
B. Modern dictatorships are both authoritarian and totalitarian.
C. Dictators often come to power by force.
D. Dictatorships are typically militaristic.
A
30
In a democracy, sovereignty is held by
A.one person.
B. the wealthy.
C. one group.
D. the people.
D
31
Which of the following is an example of a government classified by its relationship between legislative and executive branches?
A. Confederate government
B. Direct democracy
C. Oligarchy
D. Presidential government
D
32
"...government of the people, by the people, for the people."
Democracy
33
A government in which a single person holds unlimited power
Autocracy
34
A government in which a small, often self-appointed, group holds the power to rule
Oligarcy
35
A government in which all power is centralized
Unitary
36
A government in which power is divided between a central government and local governments
Federal
37
An alliance of independent states
Confederation
38
A government in which members of the executive branch are also members of the legislative branch and subject to the legislature's direct control
Parliamentary
39
A government in which the executive and legislative branches are separate and coequal
Presidential
40
Which of the following is a basic concept of American democracy? (Mark all that apply.)
```
A. Individual freedom
B. The necessity of compromise
C. The worth and dignity of every person
D. The equality of all persons
E. Majority rule tempered by minority rights
```
All of the Above
41
What is a mixed economy?
A. Neither the government nor the people can make economic decisions.
B. All aspects of the economy are privately owned and run.
C. Private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation.
D. All aspects of the economy are owned and operated by the government.
C
42
The United States has a mixed economy.
True
False
True
43
The free enterprise system is based on (Mark all that apply.)
```
A. private ownership.
B. government control.
C. individual initiative.
D. competition.
E. profit.
```
All but B
44
How does a democracy serve the varied needs of its citizens when forming public policies?
A. Through random choices
B. Through double standards
C. Through force
D. Through compromise
D
45
In a democracy the equality of all persons is defined as
A. equality of opportunity and equality before the law.
B. economic equality.
C. mental and physical equality.
D. social equality.
A
46
The free enterprise system is a political system.
True
False
False
47
Which of the following would not happen in a free enterprise system?
A. Benjamin has an idea for a new type of exercise bike so he starts his own company.
B. Joanne's Jewels goes out of business soon after a large department store opens nearby.
C. Hunt Enterprises is a privately owned business.
D. The government takes control of K.P. & Co. to product 30 million metric tons of steel per year.
D
48
The democratic government of the United States depends upon the
A. support of the global community.
B. free enterprise economic system.
C. American people's belief in the basic concepts of democracy.
D. vast amounts of information available on the Internet.
C
49
What are the roles of the government in a mixed economy?
A. Control and promotion
B. Promotion and regulation
C. Regulation and control
D. Production and advertisement
B
50
For what reason might the ruler(s) in a dictatorship feel threatened by the existence of the Internet?
A. The Internet can be unreliable.
B. The Internet can inform, but only when citizens make the effort to utilize its resources.
C. The Internet might not be accessible to everyone.
D. The Internet might provide a forum through which people could unite and rebel.
D
51
According to the law of supply and demand, if strawberries become scarce due to a drought in berry-producing regions, what happens to the price of strawberries?
A. The price will drop.
B. The price will rise, then drop.
C. The price will rise.
D. The price will remain the same.
C
52
The Internet seems especially suited to satisfy which of these needs in a democracy?
A. The need for accurate, and always reliable, information on which to base decisions
B. The need for an uneducated elite to run the government
C. To control the lives of citizens
D. To be informed about the many different institutions and policies of the government
D
53
Information found on the Internet can be false, difficult to verify, or biased.
True
False
True
54
In a democracy, individual rights end when they begin to infringe on the rights of others.
True
False
True
55
Why does the free enterprise economic system work well with a democratic political system?
A. Voters choose the government, which in turn runs the economy.
B. Neither one requires a great deal of government participation.
C. The chaos of the free enterprise system is balanced by the order of a democratic government.
D. Both are based on the idea of individual freedom and reinforce each other in practice.
D
56
In a democracy, minorities (Mark all that apply.)
A. determine public policy.
B. must be heard.
C. are always wrong.
D. may criticize the majority.
B&D
57
Democracy is a pure and perfect form of government.
True
False
False
58
What does the law of supply and demand state?
A. The government should determine what is to be produced, how much will be produced, and how much goods and services will cost.
B. When supplies of goods and services become plentiful, prices tend to drop. When supplies become scarcer, prices tend to rise.
C. Individual freedom, compromise, and government regulations are necessary components of a free enterprise system.
D. When supplies of goods and services become plentiful, prices tend to rise. When supplies become scarcer, prices tend to drop.
B
59
Which of the following illustrates the concept of equality of opportunity?
A. Citizens must obey the tax laws but may work to change them.
B. Public schools may not exclude students because of their sex or race.
C. Government may limit the beliefs and ideas of individuals.
D. Government involvement in the economic system
B
60
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware were
A. royal colonies.
B. proprietary colonies.
C. charter colonies.
D. crown colonies.
B
61
The idea that government should serve the will of the people is called
A. limited government.
B. ordered government.
C. representative government.
D. proprietary government.
C
62
Much of American government is based on the English political ideas of (Mark all that apply.)
A. limited government.
B. representative government.
C. ordered government.
D. monarchy.
All but D
63
Which of the following was a limitation on the English king's power included in the Petition of Right of 1628? (Mark all that apply.)
A. The king could not allow his child to follow him to the throne.
B. The king could not require people to shelter troops without the home owner's consent.
C. The king could not declare martial law in peacetime.
D. The king could not imprison critics without trial by jury.
All but A
64
The organized and regulated relationships colonists brought with them from England is referred to as
A. ordered government.
B. limited government.
C. proprietary government.
D. representative government.
A
65
What is a bicameral legislature?
A. A legislature with two houses
B. A legislature that is appointed by a governor
C. A legislature with one house
D. A legislature that is run directly by the Crown
A
66
Which type of colony was controlled by an individual who had been granted ownership by the king?
A. Charter colonies
B. Proprietary colonies
C. Royal colonies
D. Representative colonies
B
67
Which of the following was characteristic of royal colonies?
A. The governors and their councils shared the power to tax and spend.
B. They lacked charters.
C. Their legislatures were unicameral.
D. Their governors lacked veto power over the legislatures.
A
68
Which of the following was the most common type of colony and also was the colonial type most subject to the direct control of the king?
A. Royal colonies
B. Proprietary colonies
C. Charter colonies
D. Representative colonies
A
69
What three types of governments developed in the colonies?
A. Unicameral, bicameral, and self-governing
B. Royal, proprietary, and charter
C. Public Ordered, representative, and limited
D. Religious, commercial, and free
B
70
The idea that government is not all-powerful is called
A. ordered government.
B. proprietary government.
C. limited government.
D. representative government.
C
71
What is a unicameral legislature?
A. A legislature that is run directly by the Crown
B. A legislature with one house
C. A legislature with two houses
D. A legislature that is appointed by a governor
B
72
Which of the following is a historical British document that helped shape the governments of the American colonies? (Mark all that apply.)
A. The Magna Carta
B. The English Bill of Rights
C. The Articles of Colonial Charter
D. The Petition of Right
All but C
73
In the charter colonies, most governmental matters were handled by
A. a proprietor.
B. Parliament.
C. the British monarch
D. the colonists
D
74
Which of the following is a document written in 1215 that introduced the rights of trial by jury and due process of law?
A. The Magna Carta
B. The English Bill of Rights
C. The Petition of Right
D. The Code of Hammurabi
A
75
Which of the following was a cause or reason for colonial settlement? (Mark all that apply.)
A. To provide a home for those in search of greater personal and religious freedom
B. To provide refuge for the poor and escape from England's harsh debtor laws
C. As commercial ventures (to make $)
D. To provide a homeland for Native Americans
All but D
76
Which type of colony had the greatest freedom of self-government?
A. Charter colonies
B. Royal colonies
C. Crown colonies
D. Proprietary colonies
A
77
Which colony was founded mainly as a place for personal and religious freedom?
A. New York
B. Virginia
C. Massachusetts
D. Georgia
C
78
Please use the internet or other sources to research the term "salutary neglect." (This term is not found in your textbook.) Which of the following is true regarding salutary neglect? (Mark all that apply.)
A. Salutary neglect was the British policy of non-interference in the economic and political affairs of the American colonies.
B. Salutary neglect created dissatisfaction and dislike among colonies for British rule.
C. Salutary neglect was the result of British focus on European affairs and the great distance between the nation and its colonies.
D. Salutary neglect allowed the colonists greater freedom and allowed them to govern themselves.
A, C, & D
79
The written grant of authority from the king to establish a colony was called a
A. constitution.
B. charter.
C. petition.
D. bill of establishment.
B
80
Early, colonial self-government was possible and practical because the great distance between England and her American colonies.
True
False
True
81
What was the outcome of the Second Continental Congress?
A. The colonies were unable to come up with a plan to improve their relations with England.
B. The colonies declared their independence from England.
C. The British government repealed some, but not all, of the taxes and trade acts.
D. The British government imposed even stricter and more repressive measures.
B
82
This very early league of settlements was formed for defense against Native Americans.
The New England Confederation
83
This early plan of colonial cooperation was proposed by Ben Franklin. It would have regulated trade and provided a defense against French and Indian attacks. It was rejected by the colonies and the King.
Albany Plan
84
This body of delegates from nine colonies was called because of new British tax and trade policies. A new tax on legal documents and newspapers was especially hated.
Stamp Act Congress
85
This body was called because of the Intolerable Acts. It urged the colonies to refuse to trade with Britain.
First Continental Congress
86
This body was the nation's first national government. It guided the new nation through the Revolutionary War.
Second Continental Congress
87
All thirteen colonies were represented in the Second Continental Congress.
True
False
True
88
Which of the following were colonial attempts at unity? (Mark all that apply.)
A. The French and Indian War
B. The Albany Plan
C. The First Continental Congress
D. The Stamp Act Congress
All but A
89
Which of the following are "self-evident" truths listed in the Declaration of Independence? (Mark all that apply.)
A. All men are created equal.
B. The power of government is derived from the consent of the governed.
C. Under certain circumstances people have a right to rebel against their government.
D. One purpose of government is promoting people's safety and happiness.
All but D
90
Which of these State constitutions is the oldest and still in force today?
A. Massachusetts
B. New Hampshire
C. Virginia
D. South Carolina
A
91
Which of the following ideas are included in the Declaration of Independence? (Mark all that apply.)
A. People have certain natural rights.
B. The people may change or abolish the government.
C. God gives certain people the right to govern.
D. Government can exist only with the people's permission.
All but C
92
Benjamin Franklin wrote most of the Declaration of Independence.
True
False
False
93
Which was an achievement of the Second Continental Congress?
A. Establishing a strong central government
B. Passing the Intolerable Acts
C. Preparing a Declaration of Rights
D. Raising an American army
D
94
The Declaration of Independence was written and signed more than a year after the Revolutionary War began.
True
False
True
95
What made American colonists angry and resentful toward England?
A. An English boycott of American goods
B. British attempts to destroy their governments
C. Harsh taxes and trade restrictions
D. A lack of military protection
C
96
The idea that government can exist and function only with the consent of the governed is called ordered government.
True
False
False
97
The first attempt to unite the former colonies under a central government was called the
A. Declaration of Independence.
B. U.S. Constitution.
C. Albany Plan of Union.
D. Articles of Confederation.
C
98
What was the outcome of the First Continental Congress?
A. The colonies were unable to come up with a plan to improve their relations with England.
B. The British government imposed even stricter and more repressive measures.
C. The colonies declared their independence from England.
D. The British government repealed some, but not all, of the taxes and trade acts.
B
99
Which of the following concepts and principles were common features of State constitutions? (Mark all that apply.)
A. Separation of powers and checks and balances
B. Civil rights and liberties
C. Limited government
D. Popular sovereignty
All of the Above
100
Who argued that the Declaration of Independence is a statement of principle through which the United States Constitution should be interpreted?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. John Adams
D. James Madison
A
101
Which of the following was not on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence?
A. Roger Sherman
B. Robert Livingston
C. John Adams
D. George Washington
D
102
Even thought the Declaration was written in June and dated in July of 1776, when did most of the members of Congress sign it?
A. In August, 1776
B. In July, 1776
C. In September, 1776
D. In July, 1777
A
103
The Declaration of Independence was officially dated...
A. July 4th, 1776
B. August 4th, 1776
C. September 17th, 1787
D. July 2nd, 1776
A
104
Which delegate of the 2nd Continental Congress officially proposed that the colonies ought to be free and independent states?
A. Roger Sherman
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. Benjamin Franklin
D. Richard Henry Lee
D
105
Who was the principle author of the Declaration of Independence?
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. John Adams
C. King George III
D. George Washington
A
106
To whom was the Declaration of Independence officially written?
A. King George III
B. George Washington
C. The people of Great Britain
D. The colonists
A
107
Congress authorized the delegates at the Philadelphia convention to write a new plan of government.
True
False
False
108
The Articles of Confederation provided a
A. weak confederate government.
B. federal form of government.
C. unitary form of government.
D. strong central government.
A
109
The Articles of Confederation had to be ratified by all 13 states.
True
False
True
110
Which of the following resulted while the Articles of Confederation were in effect?
A. There was a strengthening of relations and greater cooperation between the States.
B. Bickering among the States and economic chaos resulted. (as seen in Shay's Rebellion)
C. The debts incurred to fight the Revolutionary War were paid in full.
D. The Articles were revised several times.
B
111
The plan of government after the Second Continental Congress and prior to the Constitution was the
A. Articles of Confederation
B. Declaration of Independence.
C. Northwest Ordinance
D. Albany Plan
A
112
Attendance at the Annapolis meeting was very good.
True
False
False
113
Ten years of domestic harmony followed the Revolutionary War.
True
False
False
114
Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation? (Mark all that apply.)
A. No executive or judicial branch of government was created.
B. No provision was made to regulate trade.
C. The national government could not levy or collect taxes.
D. Congress could not make the States obey the Articles or the laws it passed.
All of the Above
115
Delegates met at Annapolis to
A. recommend a way to create a national army.
B. recommend a federal plan for regulating commerce.
C. attend a reception honoring George Washington.
D. recommend ways to end slavery.
B
116
No amendments were ever added to the Articles of Confederation because
A. Amendments required the consent of all 13 State legislatures.
B. Amendments were not needed.
C. No provisions were provided on how to amend the Articles.
D. Amendment required the approval of the judicial branch of government and one was never created.
A
117
Economic issues, political problems, and even violence demonstrated the weakness of the Articles of Confederation.
True
False
True
118
Which of the following best describes the relationship among the States during the Critical Period?
A. Children squabbling at a playground
B. A choir singing in unison
C. A traffic jam
D. A baseball team at the playoffs
A
119
Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress could pass laws with the approval of
A. 9 of 13 States.
B. 11 of 13 States.
C. 7 of 13 States.
D. 13 of 13 States.
A
120
Which of the following as a power given to Congress, at least on paper, by the Articles of Confederation?
(Mark all that apply.)
A. Settle disputes between States
B. Conduct foreign policy
C. Establish a uniform money system
D. Create a navy and army
All of the Above
121
The Mount Vernon trade negotiations were successful.
True
False
True
122
Shay's Rebellion was
A. a protest against the Articles of Confederaton.
B. an uprising of farmers in Massachusetts over the loss of property to tax collectors.
C. Daniel Shay's refusal to pay taxes in New York because he was a legal resident of Vermont.
D. a riot in Pennsylvania over the sale of liquor to Native Americans.
B
123
The national government established by the Articles of Confederation
A. refused to repay the war debt it owed to the States.
B. permitted the States to make agreements with foreign governments.
C. proved too weak to deal with growing economic and political problems.
D. began imposing harsh tax policies on property owners and merchants.
C
124
The government set up by the Articles of Confederation had
A. no legislative or judicial branch.
B. only a legislative branch, consisting of a unicameral Congress.
C. only a legislative branch, consisting of a bicameral Congress.
D. only a legislative and an executive branch.
B
