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Dental Anatomy and Occlusion > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

Maxillary

A

Teeth in the upper arch (maxilla)

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2
Q

Mandibular

A

Teeth in the lower arch (mandible)

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3
Q

Midline

A

Divides each arch into equal halves

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4
Q

Mid-sagittal plane

A

2 dimensional plane (aka, midline)

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5
Q

Quadrants

A
  1. Maxillary Right 2. Maxillary Left 3. Mandibular Right 4. Mandibular Left
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6
Q

Anatomical Directions

A

Reversed when looking straight on

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7
Q

Occlusion

A

Manner in which the mandibular teeth contact the maxillary teeth

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8
Q

Mastication

A

Biting or chewing food

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9
Q

Heterodont

A

Comprised of different types of teeth that perform different functions in mastication (ie: human teeth)

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10
Q

Homodont

A

All teeth are the same type (ie: lower vertebrates)

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11
Q

Diphyodont

A

2 separate sets of teeth (ie: humans)

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12
Q

Monophyodont

A

Only one set of teeth

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13
Q

Polyphyodont

A

More than 2, or continuos, sets of teeth developed throughout life

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14
Q

Deciduous Dentition

A

AKA Primary Dentition; The first set of 20 teeth (baby teeth) in humans tha come in about 6-20yrs; 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 molars per quad

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15
Q

Permanent Dentition

A

2nd set of 32 teeth (adult teeth) in humans that come in from 6-21yrs

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16
Q

Incisors

A

2 teeth in each quadrant closest to the midline (central & lateral) 8 total, Biting, cutting, incising & shearing functions

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17
Q

Canine/Cuspid

A

1 tooth in each quadrant. 4 total. Cutting, tearing, piercing, and holding functions

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18
Q

Premolars/Bicuspids

A

The 4th and 5th teeth from the midline (1st & 2nd premolars). 8 total. Tearing, holding, and grinding functions.

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19
Q

Molars

A

The last 3 teeth in each quadrant (1st, 2nd & 3rd; AKA 6-yr, 12-yr & Wisdom tooth). 12 total. Grinding Function.

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20
Q

Primary dentition period

A

Period when only deciduous teeth are present (6 mo ? ~6 yrs when first permanent tooth erupts)

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21
Q

Mixed dentition period

A

Period when both deciduous and permanent teeth are present (~6 yrs ? 12 yrs) until the last deciduous tooth falls out

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22
Q

Permanent Dentition period

A

Period when only permanent teeth are present (~12 yrs ? rest of life)

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23
Q

Exfoliated

A

When a baby tooth falls out

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24
Q

Resorption

A

Natural process by which deciduous roots are ?melted away? to allow for exfoliation

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25
Succedaneous
?succeeding? deciduous teeth; AKA, the permanent teeth that replace the exfoliated deciduous teeth. Only permanent teeth that aren't succedaneous are the molars.
26
Dental Formula
A number and letter designation of the various types of teeth found in a dentition
27
Human Permanent Dentition (formula)
I ? 2/2: C -1/1: P -2/2: M ? 3/3
28
Human Deciduous Dentition (formula)
I ? 2/2: C ? 1/1: M ? 2/2
29
Anatomical Crown
Portion of the tooth covered by enamel; divided vertically into labial, middle & lingual; divided horizontally in incisal, middle & cervical thirds
30
Clinical Crown
Portion of the tooth visible in the mouth (may or may not be the same as the anatomical crown)
31
Anatomical Root
Portion of the tooth covered with cementum; divided in horizontal thirds (cervical, middle & apical)
32
Clinical Root
Portion of the tooth not visible in the mouth
33
Enamel
Hard, mineralized tissue that covers the dentin of the anatomical crown (hardest living body tissue)
34
Dentin
Hard tissue which forms the main body of the tooth & surrounds the pulp cavity; not directly visible in a normal tooth
35
Cementum
The layer of hard, bonelike tissue that covers the dentin of the anatomical root
36
Cervical Line, Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ)
Line around the external surface of the tooth where the enamel & cementum meet
37
Dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
Internal line of meeting of the dentin & enamel in the anatomical crown
38
Pulp
Living soft tissue which occupies the pulp cavity of a vital tooth; contains nutrient supply (blood vessels) & nerves
39
Pulp Cavity
Internal cavity that contains the pulp
40
Pulp canals, Root Canals
Portion of the pulp cavity located in the root(s) of the tooth
41
Pulp Chamber
Enlarged portion of pulp cavity in the anatomical crown
42
Pulp horns
Pointed incisal or occlusal elongations of the pulp chamber that correspond to cusps or lobes in the tooth
43
Alveolar process
Entire bony part around the tooth that supports the teeth in the jaw
44
Alveolus (Alveoli)
Bony socket of the alveolar process in which an individual tooth is set
45
Periodontal Ligament (membrane)
Fibrous attachment of the tooth cementum to the alveolar bone
46
Gingiva (Gingivae)
The gums (fibrous tissue enclosed by mucous membrane) that covers the alveolar processes & surrounds the necks of the teeth
47
Anterior Teeth
Teeth towards the front of the mouth (12 incisors & canines)
48
Posterior Teeth
Teeth towards the back of the mouth (Decicious = 8 molars; Permanent = 20 premolars & molars)
49
Mesial
Towards the midline
50
Distal
Away from the midline
51
Labial/Facial
Outside surface towards the lips of anterior teeth
52
Lingual/Palatal
Inside surface towards the tongue
53
Incisal edge/ridge
Biting edge of anterior teeth
54
Buccal
Outside surface towards the cheeks of posterior teeth
55
Occlusal
Chewing surface of posterior teeth
56
Apex
Tip of the root
57
Proximal
Any surface between 2 teeth (only mesial & distal surfaces)
58
Line Angle
Line/angle formed by the junction of 2 crown surfaces; name derived by combining the names of those 2 surfaces
59
Point Angle
Point of junction of 3 crown surfaces (named after the 3 surfaces)
60
Tubercles
Rounded or pointed projections found on the crowns of teeth (Mini-cusps)
61
Cusp of Carabelli
Tubercle on the mesial part of the lingual surface of permanent maxillary 1st molars
62
Cingulum (Cingula)
Large, rounded eminence on the lingual surface of all anterior teeth encompassing entire cervical third of the lingual surface
63
Ridges
Linear, convex elevations on the surfaces of crowns
64
Marginal ridegs
Ridges at the mesial and distal terminations of the occlusal surface (posterior teeth) & less prominent lateral margins of the lingual surface (anterior teeth)
65
Triangular ridges
Linear ridges that descent from the tips of cusps of posterior teeth toward the central area of occlusal surface.
66
Transverse ridge
Combo of 2 triangular ridges
67
Oblique ridge
Special type of transverse ridge which crosses the occlusal surface of most maxillary molars in an oblique direction from the distobuccal to mesiolingual cusps
68
Cusp ridges
4 per cusp extending in different directions (mesial, distal, facial, lingual)
69
Inclined plane
Sloping area found between 2 cusp ridges
70
Mamelons
Small rounded projections of enamel (varying #s and sizes) on the incisal ridges of recently erupted incisors.
71
Fossa (Fossae)
An irregular, rounded depression or concavity on the crown of a tooth. Anterior teeth - large, shallow fossa on the lingual surface. Posterior teeth - 2 or more fossae on the occlusal surface
72
Developmental (primary) groove
Groove/line that denotes the coalescence of the primary lobes of the crown
73
Supplemental (secondary) groove
Auxiliary groove that branches from a developmental groove; normally not as deep
74
Pit
Small, depressed area where developmental grooves often join/terminate. Deepest portion of a fossa.
75
Contact area
Area on a proximal surface of the crown that contacts the adjacent tooth in the same arch
76
Lobe
One of the primary anatomical divisions of the tooth crown, often separated by identifiable developmental grooves.

Dental Anatomy and Occlusion (4 decks)

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