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Dental Anatomy and Occlusion > Unit 11 > Flashcards

Unit 11 Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Active Eruption

A

Toot entry to oral cavity to contact w/ antagonist

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2
Q

Passive Eruption

A

Continuing process of adaptation of the tooth.

No antagonist = supraerupt

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3
Q

Nasmyth’s Membrane

A

When tooth erupts, keratinous membrane-like enamel cuticle surrounds the crown
-abbraded away

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4
Q

Time lag btwn eruption and root ocompletion for deciduous teeth is….?

A

1 year

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5
Q

Position of developing permanent teeth

A
  1. Perm teeth lingual to succedaneous teeth
  2. Premolars are in the root furcations of molars
  3. Perm molars are not succedaneous teeth - buds develop from dental lamina in the alv process, distal to deciduous dentition
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6
Q

Growth causes extra space between teeth (anterior segment of arches), this is known as….

A

diastemas

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7
Q

What is the first permanent tooth to emerge, and at what age?

A

Mandibular First Molar, age 6

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8
Q

What are the cornerstones of occlusion in the permanent dentition

A

4 First molars
Serve as guide for eruption
Loosing deciduous teeth prematurely may cause a tilt/drift mesially - reducing space for canines and premolars

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9
Q

What does changing the space available in the mouth possibly lead to..

A

Changing first molars relationship w/ antagonist, possible impaction, crowding, or malocclusion

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10
Q

Process by which root of tooth is “melted away”

A

Resorption

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11
Q

Where does resorption begin

A

Apex then towards cervical, begins at least 1 year prior to exfoliation

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12
Q

Exfoliation

A

When root structure is absorbed, crown becomes loosened and is lost

  • occurs symmetrically (L/R)
  • Mandib teeth precede the same max teeth in exfoliation - exception = 2nd molars (all are lost simultaneously)
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13
Q

Ankylosis

A

When eruption ceases, tooth becomes fixed, and resorption cannot progress naturally

  • when root structure fuses w/ bone
  • remove as soon as its diagnosed
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14
Q

Stages of tooth development (alternative)

A 
Initiation
Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Apposition - laying enamel and dentin
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15
Q

Initiation

A

Includes dental lamina and bud stages

Affects presence/absence of tooth buds

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16
Q

Proliferation

A

During bud/ca/bell sages

Influences size and proportions of tooth

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17
Q

Histodiff

A

Advanced cap stage through bell stage

Formation of potential enamel and dentin forming cells

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18
Q

Morphodiff

A

Shape and size of tooth, takes place during bud/cap/bell stages
No effect on enamel and dentin forming process

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19
Q

Which dentition is more prone to abnormaliites?

A

Permanent

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20
Q

Abnormal number of teeth

A

Anodontia

Supernumerary Teeth

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21
Q

Anodontia

A

“complete lack of teeth” - missing any teeth
Should be hypodontia
Total or Partial Anodontia

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22
Q

Partial Anodontia

Study These Flashcards
A 
Hereditary Factors
Dental lamina may be below threshold
~5%
Permanent Max and Mandib 3rd molars > max lat incisor > man 2nd premol
In deciduous = man central incisor
23
Q

Supernumerary

Study These Flashcards
A 
Extra tooth buds diff from dental lam = Genetic
Both decid and perm teeth
1. Mesiodens - btwn max central incisors
2. Distodens - 3rd molar region
~1-2%
24
Q

Abnormal Size of Teeth

Study These Flashcards
A

Macrodontia

Microdontia

25
Macrodontia
(Gigantism) 1. True macrodontia - pituitary gigantism - all teeth 2. False Macrodontia - individual teeth - incisors, canines, man 3rd molars
26
Microdontia
(Dwarfism) 1. True Microdontia - pituitary dwarfs - all teeth 2. Individual teeth - max lat incisor (PEG LATERALS), and max 3rd molars
27
Abnormal Shape of Teeth
* during morphodiff and appositional stages* 1. Taurodontism 2. Dilaceration 3. Flexion 4. Germination 5. Fusion 6. Concrescence 7. Segmented Root 8. Dwarfed roots 9. Hypercementosis 10. Accessory Cusps and Roots 11. Missing Cusps 12. Enamel Pearls 13. Hutchinson's Teeth 14. Dens in dente 15. Odontoma
28
Taurodontism
``` Premolars and Molars Crown occupies greater proportion of the tooth bulk than normal -No CEJ constriction -Furcation - apical half of tooth - Hereditary - w/ other syndromes ```
29
Dilaceration
Distortion of the root and crown | - Trauma, injury, pressure
30
Flexion
Distortion of root portion only | Sharp Bends
31
Germination
Incomplete splitting of single tooth germ | Wide MD, usually incisor (twinning)
32
Fusion
Union of two adjacent tooth buds - Enamel & dentin - 2 identifiable pulp cav's - only the crowns - ANT teeth - Deciduous
33
Concrescence
Unions of root structure through cementum only - Permanent molars (max) - After eruption, never involves dentin or enamel
34
Segmented root
disturbance during root development, seperated root segment | -Break in hertwig's sheath?
35
Dwarfed Roots
Root = dwarfed Crowns = abnormal contour --> great incisocerv convexity on labial surace - Max Central (bilateral) - Hereditary?
36
Hypercementosis
XS cementum - Perm Molars - Trauma, metabolic disturb, CHRNOIC INFLAM of PULP
37
Accessory Cusps
3rd Molars or if anterior - talon cusp (phillips screwdriver)
38
Accessory Roots
Trauma, pressure, metabolic disease | 3rd Molars
39
Missing Cusps
Usually dimunitive
40
Enamel Pearls
aka Enamelomas B/L of Man Molars M/D on Max Molars ~2%
41
Hutchinson's teeth
Hypoplastic Defects (enamel dysplasia) Prenatal Syphilis Screwdriver shape w/ deep notch, mulberry appearance w/ gnarled enamel
42
Dens in Dente
Small tooth w/in tooth Perm Max Lat Incisor Lingual Pit--> leads to enamel and dentin in the pulp caivty
43
Odontoma
Benign Tumor Complex Odontoma - no dental form - calcified dental tissues Compound Odontoma - arranged in shape that resembles tooth
44
Abnormal Calcification and Apposition
Enamel Dysplasia | Dentinal Dysplasia
45
Enamel Dysplasia
Catchall label - all enamel developmental abnormalities 1. Enamel Hypoplasia - during enamel matrix formation 2. Enamel hypocalcification - time of disturbance is later than for hypoplasia (during enamel matrix maturation)
46
Types of Enamel Dysplsia
Amelogenesis Imperfeca Dental Fluorsis Focal Hypomaturation Turner's Teeth
47
Dentinal Dysplasia
Tetracycline Staining | Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
48
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
- Hereditary - Range: almost no enamel, to depositied to immature enamel - rampant caries, excessive attrition - rough surface
49
Dental Flurosis
XS fluoride - Hypocalcification problem - Chalky white bands, pigmented w/ brown or yellow - resistant to caries
50
Focal Hypomaturation
- similar to enamel dysplasias - chalky white and opaque area (circular) - susceptible to caries
51
Turner's Teeth
Individual Teeth - injury to dev perm tooth follicle - assymetrical
52
Tetracycline Staining
Admin of wide-spec antibiotic tetracyclines to mother during prenatal periods or to an infant - intrinsic color change of dentin - primary and perm teeth - yellowing cast, may be gray or purple
53
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Genetic disturbance of dentin formation - bluish-brown crown = Opalescent dentin - normal enamel, but fractures easily

Dental Anatomy and Occlusion (4 decks)

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