Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ICT > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Information?

A

Data that has been processed to give it meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is knowledge?

A

Information with a set of rules applied to it - a conclusion has been drawn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does GIGO stand for and what does it mean?

A

Garbage In, Garbage Out

If something is input wrong into the computer, the output will also be wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the four types of validation checks? Brief description on each

A

Range check - check numbers are between a certain range
Format check - correct mix of letter and numbers checked
Presence check - check the field is not left empty
Check digit - extra number at the end of a set of numbers to check, through calculation, if the previous numbers are correct
Lists - forced to make a choice from a drop down list of options so only valid data can be entered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a transcription error?

A

Errors when copying data onto a computer (could be caused by bad handwriting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a transposition error?

A

Characters are accidentally swapped around (accidentally pressing the wrong key)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are good ways for minimising errors on a computer?

A 
Visually check (proofread) 
Double key (enter data twice and check they are the same)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some characteristics of good quality data?

A

True and correct
Fit for purpose
Unbiased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some examples of interactive TV services?

A 
Pay-To view: eg - buying a movie on demand 
Shopping
Betting
Dating
Voting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are typical 1)input 2)output devices for gaming?

A

1) joysticks, steering wheels, game controllers

2) speakers, television equipment, vibration feature on remote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of gaming?

A

Ad: some educational, develop team working skills
Dis: sedentary, can lead to obesity and other health issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Examples of image manipulation?

A

Cropping, red eye reduction, filters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are megapixels?

A

Used to compare the quality of images taken, the more the better.
Made up of one million pixels (pixel is a dot of light)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What devices does digital photography involve? Examples of each

A

Input - image sensors
Storage - flash memory, built in memory
Output - screen, printer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Data?

A

Raw facts or figures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does a webcam do?

A

Transmit still photos and videos across the internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are Facebook/my-spaces uses? (Social networking)

A

Get in touch with people
Find old friends and get in touch
Post videos and images
Download music
Join groups with people with a similar interest
Comment on others profiles, pictures and videos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does downloading mean?

A

Taking a file from the internet and saving a copy of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the disadvantages of downloading?

A

Puts the device at risk of virus’s

Accidentally (or not) downloading illegally are at risk of getting their internet access blocked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the ways in which a device can connect to the internet? Brief description of each

A

Broadband - connect using high speed data link
Satellite - beamed data signals from satellites orbiting the earth
Mobile - connect via a telephone company
Dial up - connect to telephone lines by dialling your internet service providers (ISP) number.
Cable - connect to cable company, often comes in packages with TV service

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the three types of connection technology?

A

Wireless
Bluetooth
GIS (Geographical Information Systems)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of wireless technology?

A

Ad: can use it in various places (WIFI hotspots), no wires needed
Dis: easier for hackers when using in a public spot, possible health risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Bluetooth technology?

A

Ad: no cables needed, quick to set up, no new computer software needed
Dis: only be used in a short distance (same room), possible health risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of GIS (Geographical information Systems)?

A

Ad: Save money and environment by choosing shortest route, plan time using it’s ETA (estimated time of arrival) system
Dis: send large cars/lorries down rural routes where they won’t fit, sometimes data is not up to date, can distract drivers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is an online shopping sight behind the professionally designed page?

A

A large database

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping for the business?

A

Ad: wider customer base, trading can be at any time, cheaper (no shop bought or rented)
Dis: if the server fails business is lost, customers without the internet are lost, high initial set up costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is double keying and why is it used when buying online?

A

Customers are made to enter key information twice to check it is correct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the different ways (using ICT) that attendance can be taken at school?

A 
Paper based (by hand) 
Keyboard entry 
Optical mark recognition (OMR) (by hand then scanned into computer)
Smart cards (students place them into card readers) 
Magnetic strip cards (students swipe to let them into school) 
Biometric (fingerprints or eyes scanned)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does MIS stand for and what does it do?

A

Management Information Systems - used by managers to provide them with data and statistics so they can make decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are data logging systems and when is it used in schools and why?

A

The collection of data over a period of time using sensors linked to the computer. Often used in science experiments, automatic data collection is more accurate (but can be expensive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the types of sensors data logging has?

A

Temperature, light, PIR (Passive infra-red), pressure, sound

32
Q

What are sensors?

A

Input devices used to feed information into a computer from the outside world.

33
Q

What are the sensors used in weather forecasting?

A

Temperature, wind, pressure, humidity, rain

34
Q

Some example of home technology and advantages and disadvantages of it?

A

3D television, smart phones, interactive consoles (Wii)
Ad: 3D allows more realistic viewing, smart phones mean people can access the internet anywhere with coverage, convenience
Dis: more appealing technology mean less physical activity and more sedentary activities leading to health problems

35
Q

Some example of school technology and advantages and disadvantages of it?

A

VLE are allowing pupils to access tests and resources online, biometric registration
Ad: can learn at anytime, teachers focus less on registration and more on planning
Dis: not every pupil has access, teachers need to be trained

36
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of weather technology? (Environment technologies)

A

Ad: sensors are very accurate and forecasting helps people
Dis: some worry we rely on technology too much

37
Q

What is a GUI and what does it enable you to do?

A

Graphical User Interface
Make changes based on your needs and preferences such as:
Make screens and icons different sizes
Change resolutions and colour scheme
Change volume, contrast and brightness and wallpaper

38
Q

What are some features of the desktop environment?

A

On-screen help and shortcuts (control+c=copy)
Password protection
Folder management

39
Q

What are the three ways learning may take place on a computer?

A

Online tutorials
Online assessment
Virtual Learning Environment

40
Q

What learning devices/software can help the disabled?

A

Braille keyboard, microphone (verbal commands), text to speech software (computer reads allowed what is written), customised desktops environments

41
Q

What is application software?

A

Software designed to carry out a particular set of tasks. (Works with operating software which controls software and hardware.

42
Q

What are the three main types of application software? Brief description

A

Generic- wide range of tasks eg. Spreadsheets
Specialised- smaller range of tasks eg. Accounting software
Bespoke- created for specific organisation and tasks (very expensive)

43
Q

What are the four sources information can come from?

A

Files on disks (transfer from one PC to another - USB)
CD-ROM (can use encyclopaedias)
Database (big source)
Internet (unreliable but can search for information)

44
Q

What are databases used for?

A

Storing and organising large amounts of data on a computer

45
Q

What is a query in a database?

A

A way of searching for specific data, written in the form of Field-Operator-Criteria. They can be simple or complex depending on the specificity of the search

46
Q

What is Field-Operator-Criteria in terms of queries in databases?

A

Field is what is searched for eg. Number of items
Operator is how much is asked for eg. , =
Criteria is the resulting answer eg. 13

47
Q

What are the 10 types of data?

A

Number, text, date, time, currency, Boolean (used when two choices are available), lists, picture, sound, video

48
Q

Why are databases made up of? Brief description of each

A

Fields - columns of a particular item of data eg. A list of surnames
Records - rows/a collection of fields eg. All of Mr Jones’s information
Files - a collection of records

49
Q

What is a key field?

A

A unique field - no other record will have the same field

Eg. Car registration number

50
Q

What is a search engine?

A

A big database of websites, you can carry out searches for websites using keywords

51
Q

What should reports in searches and queries include?

A

Relevant information
Be appropriately formatted
Sensible title, date and page numbering
Used calculated fields if necessary

52
Q

What are the advantages of handling information on a computer?

A 
Faster access to data (searches and queries) 
Variety of output formats (screen, printed, transferred)
Data integrity (validation checks)
53
Q

What features will a data handling system use to ensure the data stays secure?

A

Password protection
Access rights (limited access for different levels of staff)
Backup procedures

54
Q

What is an email and what are they used for?

A

An electronic message sent between PC’s via the internet.

They are used for communicating work and leisure purposes everyday

55
Q

What are the 8 features of email ? Brief explanation

A

Compose - compose a message
Signature - put at the bottom of each message
Group email - create a distribution list
CC - carbon copy (seeing who the group email was also sent to)
BCC -blind carbon copy (cannot see who also receive the group email)
Attachments - attach files
Forward - resend a message you received
Address book - save names and email addresses of people
Folders - group related emails and title the group (folder)

56
Q

What are the advantages of email?

A

Efficient
Files easily attached and sent
Less paper used (better for environment)

57
Q

What are the disadvantages of email?

A

Harmful computer viruses spread
Lots of spam and junk mail
Could be hacked into

58
Q

What are the ways email reduce its disadvantages?

A

Spam filters
Virus scanners
Parental control (for abusive language)

59
Q

What are the three main parts of spreadsheets? Brief description

A

Data - the text/numbers typed in
Labels - headings explaining the data
Formulas - automatic calculations

60
Q

What are spreadsheets used for?

A

Data storage, and performing calculations

61
Q

What are the four main types of formula used in spreadsheet?

A

*
/

62
Q

What are the five functions (more advanced calculations) used in spreadsheet?

A

SUM - adds up everything in the bracket afterwards
AVERAGE - finds the average of everything in the brackets afterwards
IF - makes decisions (follows the commands of the bracket afterwards)
MIN - finds the smallest number in the bracket afterwards
MAX - finds the largest number in the bracket afterwards.

63
Q

Examples of formatting techniques on spreadsheet?

A 
Borders
Formatted according to data type (cells with money have a £ in front) 
Cells merged
Different font
Background fill
64
Q

What is a relative cell reference in spreadsheets?

A

When you drag (replicate) a formula down the spreadsheet and the cells change depending on their data

65
Q

What is absolute cell referencing in spreadsheets?

A

Placing a dollar sign before each letter and number of the cell reference, when replicated, it will be fixed

66
Q

What are the benefits of using spreadsheet?

A

When data changes formulas automatically recalculate
Accurate maths
Charts and graphs produced easily

67
Q

Explain the process of control systems?

A

Data from sensors are processed by a computer which decides whether to send a control signal to other devices such as motors or lights

68
Q

What are the two types of control systems? Brief description

A

Feedback systems - the output changes the input eg. A heater (changed by the outside temperature)
Non-feedback systems - the output doesn’t change the input eg. Burglar alarm (not affected by surroundings

69
Q

What is desktop publishing (DTP)?

A

Allows you to make professional looking documents like newsletters or posters

70
Q

What are the features of desktop publishing?

A

Spellchecker/thesaurus
Mail merge (sending documents via a database)
Automatic routines eg. Headers and footers
And other obvious ones - can find on word

71
Q

What good practice design recommendations can be made whilst designing a website?

A

Sequencing instructions (a few step instructions)
Animations
Transitions (animate the way the slides move from each page)
Links (hyperlinks eg. buttons)

72
Q

How can someone adapt their presentation for the disabled?

A

Sound
Clear fonts
Pop-up comments for description of images

73
Q

What is the copyright designs and patents act 1988?

A

Used to make sure that intellectual property - such as text, music or images - is protected.
Things that were then made illegal:
-Copying a CD ROM without the authors permission
-Using images on business sights without permission
-Downloading or sharing music over the internet for free

74
Q

What are examples of dangers our society is facing as a result of the ever growing internet?

A

Disclosure of personal data
Misuse of images
Inappropriate language

75
Q

What is the code of conduct for being safe online?

A 
Don't give out personal information
Don't interact with strangers
Don't give bank details in emails
Don't open unknown attachments 
Don't post pictures and use a pretend name
Report any wrongdoing of others
76
Q

What are ways in which data can be damaged?

Keep your backup in a different location

A

Accidental destruction of data
Viruses and malicious activity
Transmitted data from unauthorised access (hacking)

77
Q

What are the health problems associated with computer use?

A

RSI - repetitive strain injury
Eye strain
Backache
Stress

ICT (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions