Unit 1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Scientific methods
Research based on observable, empirical and measurable evidence that precedes from observation, hypothesis- testing then evaluation.
Sociological Imagination
A form of critical thinking that examines the social world from multiple points of view. it seems the social in individual behaviour
Theory
A theory is a statement about the way the world is believed to work. the role of sociological theories is to explain social behaviour in the real world. for example why are some people racist or sexist or ageist?
Sociological perspective
A sociological perspective is a collection of theories that provides researches with a model to guide and reflect upon their social research.
Research Methods
The ways in which researches collect data, conduct research and analysis findings.
Experiment
Controlled research that involves testing the effect of one variable on another variable, usually by comparing results from a control group to an experimental group.
Survey
Research involving participants responding to set of questions or statements that are usually analysed statistically.
Questionnaire
Research involving a set of planned questions for participants to answer which is usually analysed statistically.
Interview
Research whereby a participant is asked to answer a serious of questions though a one-on-one conversation.
Fieldwork
Research involving the careful observation and recording of participant behaviour in a naturalistic setting
Participants Observation
Research involving the careful watching and recording of participants (subject) behaviour in a clinical or naturalistic setting.
Secondary Analysis
Research involving the study of data conducted by someone else.
Historical Analysis
Research involving the use of the primary sources and other original evidence to form accounts of the past.
Quantitative Data
Numerical information that has been collected in research that reflects the amount or quantity of what is being studied.
Qualitative Data
Descriptive information that has been collected in research that includes words, descriptions. pictures and other quantities of what is being studied. commonly used in social sciences.
Sociological discourse
A discourse is a way of reflecting on data and observations made about people or events. Opinions are based upon a collection of beliefs, ‘truths’, myths and the language of a culture/subculture.
Stereotype
Assumptions about individuals based on their social group membership rather than individual characteristics.
Youth
A socially constructed, age based, social category appropriate to Western societies which usually includes young people between the ages of 12 and 24.
Adolescence
A term with strong biological associations describing the period of onset of puberty to full sexual reproduction and full physical maturation.
Prejudice
A positive or negative prejudgement (attitude) about an entire category of people
Discrimination
The unequal treatment (actions) towards a category of people.
Ethnicity
The particular cultural features that are shared by the distinctive group or population. The social traits shared by these groupings include nationality, ideology, and lifestyles. Common language, common cultural and religious practices and a common ancestry support the ethic identity.
Cultural hybridity
The process of combining and drawing upon different cultural and ethnic identities to create a new hybridised culture, slightly changing the dominant culture in the process.
Social class
The social identity and status of groups of people based on shared social and economic background. In Australia the term socioeconomic status (SES) is often used interchangeably with social class.
