Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Development > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three basic issues of human development

A

nature vs nurture
continuity vs discontinuity
universal vs context specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is an example of nature vs nurture

A

am i tall because my father is tall
or
am i tall because i eat a healthy diet each and everyday

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

genetic and hereditary influences are nature or nurture

A

nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

environmental influences and experiences are nature or nurture

A

nurture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is continuity vs discontinuity

A

whether development progresses smoothly throughout the lifespan or whether life is really a set of specific and discreet stages, each with unique characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an example of continuity vs discontinuity

A

do we think the same way when we are children as when we are adults, the difference being just that we accumulate more knowledge and experience or do we think differently with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is universal vs context specific

A

whether everyone follows the same path of development or whether each person will find their own unique path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the five theoretical approaches (or lenses)

A 
psychodynamic perspective
learning theory
cognitive perspective 
ecological and systems approach
life-span and life course theory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the psychodynamic perspective

A

the idea that there are forces or drives within us that lead us to behave the way we do
not under our control or aware of them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who is the most famous psychodynamic theorist? who studied under him

A

Freud

Erik Erikson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what did Erikson propose

A

that the personality and social development of the individual occurs through 8 stages across the lifespan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the two types of the learning theory

A

behaviourism

social-learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is behaviourism

A

we learn through what happens after we behave. Behaviour is followed by reinforcement or punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is social-learning

A

that we learn by watching other people and imitating what we see
we may be selective about who we imitate depending on who we are and what we can do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the cognitive development theory

A

how we think and how we gather information about the world around us

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the three cognitive development theories

A

Jean Piaget
Lawrence Kohlberg
Information Processing Theory

17
Q

what is the Jean Piaget theory

A

suggests from early infancy we are actively engaged with the world and building our knowledge and concepts of people objects and events

18
Q

what did Jean Piaget help parents and developmentilists learn

A

that infants are not idle, when they hold an object then put it in their mouth and then drop it they are gathering information about the size texture and functioning of the object

19
Q

what is the Lawrence Kohlberg theory

A

he developed jean piagets theory further, focusing on moral reasoning
how we think specifically about moral dilemmas, and proposes that individuals progress through a series of stages

20
Q

what is the information processing theory

A

takes a more technical approach and focuses on how information is taken in how it is stored and how it is later retrieved,
how we select information

21
Q

what is the ecological and systems approach

A

we must not only observe the child but we must also understand something about his/her parents and their relationships and the community and extended family

22
Q

what is the life-span and lifecourse perspective

A

there is plasticity in growth and development and that we cannot truly understand oneself or others without understanding what has gone on in their life
timing and combination of events and circumstances is important in the development

23
Q

what are some research methods examples

A

self report data
representative sampling
systemic data collection

24
Q

what is self report data

A

an example is asking friends and family for their opinions

but you have to be careful that they have not biases towards the topic

25
Q

what is representative sampling

A

only sampling from one group of people is limiting

important to gather information from a representative sample that is broad range of people

26
Q

what is systemic data collection

A

requires we develop and follow consistent procedures and record information accurately

27
Q

what are the approaches in developmental data collection

A

naturalistic observations
structured observations
sampling behaviour with tasks
self reports

28
Q

explain the limitations of naturalistic observation

A

there may be so much going on that it can be difficult to keep track, what are the ethics of this data collection, will the researcher change her behaviour based on others

29
Q

what are limitations of structured observations

A

when we remove people from their natural environments to environments that have been set up for the study
it is hard to know whether they will react he same or if they will change based on the environment

30
Q

what are some limitations of sampling behaviour

A

when we create tasks to stimulate the behaviour we want to study and the data collected is only as good as the stimulation created

31
Q

what are the limitations of self report

A

may be limited by how well individuals remember events and how much information individuals are willing to share

32
Q

the discussion of the study is only with limited number of individuals that were included in indepth interviews

A

qualitative study

33
Q

what is wrong with a qualitative study

A

the rich information obtained might not be applicable to a broader group of people

34
Q

the manipulation of key conditions and the control of other variables is what type of study

A

experimental study give the ability to establish a cause and effect relationship between important variables

35
Q

a discussion about r values in the results and the interest in studying the relationships between variables is what study

A

correlation

36
Q

when the r values are greater then zero it indicates what

A

that one variable increases the other decreases, and that an r of zero indicates that the variables are totally unrelated

37
Q

ethical laws need to make an individual feel

A

protected from harm
well-informed about what is happening
and confident that their personal information would be kept private

Development (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions