Unit 1 Flashcards
(212 cards)
the ______ is the space between the pleural cavities and occupies the center of the thoracic cavity
Mediastinum
The boundaries of the mediastinum Anterior: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Posterior: \_\_\_\_\_\_ Superior: \_\_\_\_\_\_ Inferior: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Lateral: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
The boundaries of the mediastinum Anterior: sternum Posterior: thoracic vertebrae Superior: thoracic inlet Inferior: diaphragm Lateral: pleura
What are the divisions of the mediastinum and which one has subdivisions?
Superior mediastinum
Inferior mediastinum
Inferior mediastinum is further subdivided into anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum
What are the contents of the middle mediastinum?
Pericardium and heart, phrenic nerves and cardiac plexus, pulmonary trunk bifurcation, R and L pulmonary arteries and veins, ascending aorta, Superior and inferior vena cava, azygous vein, tracheal bifurcation, R and L bronchi, lymph nodes
What are the contents of superior mediastinum?
Thymidine remnants Trachea Esophagus Brachiocephalic trunk Superior vena cava Aortic arch Brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, internal thoracic vessels vagus nerve, phrenic nerve, thoracic duct and lymph nodes
What is the arterial supply to the thymus?
Inferior thyroid artery
Internal thoracic artery
what is the venous drainage of the thymus?
Thymus vein -> brachiocephalic vein
Internal thoracic vein
What are the tributaries to the brachiocephalic veins?
Subclavian Internal jugular vein vertebral vein Inferior thyroid vein Internal thoracic vein Left superior interostal vein i
What forms the superior vena cava?
Formed by two brachiocephalic veins
Where does the superior vena cava begin and end?
Begin: behind right first costal cartilage
End: behind right 3rd costal cartilage
What are the tributaries to the superior vena cava?
Right brachiephalic vein Left brachiocephalic vein Azygous vein Pericardial veins Mediastinal veins
Where does the arch of the aorta lie?
Lies behind the manubrium sterni
Where does the arch of the aorta begin and end?
At the level of the sternal angle (T4/T5)
What are the branches of the arch of the aorta from left to right?
Brachiocephalic artery (AKA innomiate)
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery
What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum?
Esophagus Thoracic aorta Azygous and hemiazygous veins Thoracic duct, Lymph nodes Sympathetic trunk Vagus nerves
_________ is a muscular tube; 10 inches long. Lined with stratified squamous epithelium
Esophagus
Where does the esophagus begin at?
The level of CVI form the cricoid cartilage
_______ pierces the diaphragm at the level of TX
Esophagus
Where the esophagus joins the stomach, what epithelium is it lined with?
Simple columnar epithelium
Sites of Constriction of the posterior mediastinum
A the junction of the pharynx and esophagus
Where the esophagus is crossed but the arch of aorta
Where the esophagus is compressed by the left main bronchus
At the esophageal opting of the diaphragm
What is the arterial supply for the upper 1/3rd postieror compartment?
Inferior thyroid artery -> thyrocervical trunk-> subclavian trunk
Middle 1/3 -> thoracic aorta
Lower 1/3-> left gastric artery -> celiac trunk
What is the venous drainage that is associated with upper 1/3?
Inferior thyroid vein
What is the venous drainage of the middle 1/3 of the posterior mediastinum?
Azygous vein
What is the lower 1/3 of the venous drainage?
Left gastric vein-> portal vein