Unit 1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Define feedback
Feedback refers to the information an athlete receives regarding their performance (4 types)
What are the four types of feedback?
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Concurrent
Terminal
Define intrinsic feedback
Intrinsic feedback refers to the sensory information that occurs during and after an athlete performs a movement. It is the internal feedback an athlete judges themselves based on visual or auditory cues regarding the performance.
Define extrinsic feedback
Extrinsic feedback is the augmented feedback that is received at the completion of a movement, including knowledge of results and performance.
Eg. - A coach providing feedback on a serve in volleyball.
- A judge giving a quantitative score.
Explain why inexperienced athletes often don’t rely on intrinsic feedback.
Experienced athletics can rely on intrinsic feedback because they have developed knowledge and understanding of kinaesthetic feel, and judge their performance based on this. Experienced athletes often use both intrinsic and extrinsic feedback to assess and judge.
In comparison to inexperienced athletes who can’t.
Define concurrent feedback
Concurrent feedback refers to feedback that can be Insteon sic or extrinsic that occurs during a performance. Players can alter and make adjustments to their performance during activity.
Define terminal feedback
Terminal feedback occurs after one’s performance and always comes from an intrinsic source.
Eg - a cricketer receives feedback about the quality of a shot when it reaches the boundary.
What are the types of practise?
Massed and distributed Whole and part Blocked and random Varied and constant Drill and Problem solving
Explain massed and distributed practise
Massed practice refers to a practise schedule with short or no rest recovery time between trials.
Distributed practise refers to a practise schedule with relatively long rest periods between trials.
Explain part and whole practise
Part practise targets part or components of a skill. (Makes learning a complex skill easier, EG: dance routine, long jump, dig in volleyball)
Whole practise is the practise of a whole skill entirely. (Effective when the skill being tuschtest is simple but highly dependent or has related parts)
EG: putting a golf ball, shooting an arrow.
Explain Blocked and Random practise
Blocked practise is the repeated practise of one skill in a block of time. (Leads to better performance of a motor skill within drill practise).
Random practise is the practise of two or more skills in random rider. (Results in longer lasting learning of motor skills) .
Explain Constant and Varied practise
Constant practise refers to the repetitive practise of one variation of a skill in one context. (EG: passing ball between 2 people 5m away).
Varied practise refers to the practise of several variations of a skill in several different contexts. (EG: passing a ball between 2 people on different surfaces and different distances apart, using a variety of types of passes.)
Explain drills and problem solving practise.
Drill practise refers to the repetitive practise of a physical action set by a teacher or coach. (EG: dribbling a Ball)
Define motor skill
A motor skill is an activity that requires voluntary muscular movement to achieve a goal/task.
How well a movement/motor skill is performed depends on factors:
- how often
- type of practise
- how much is learned during practise
- how well learning is applied
Motor learning occurs as a direct result of practise or experience.
What are the classifications of motor learning
Two classifications of motor skills exist on a continuum:
Gross and fine motor skills
Define Gross motor skills + examples
Involve movements that primarily require require large muscles groups, such as a muscles in legs and arms.
Eg: walking, running, kicking, throwing.
Define fine motor skills - examples
Fine motor skills involve controlled movements that primarily require small muscles groups, such as muscles in the fingers or hands.
Eg: Darts, archery, shooting.
Why is it important to know one’s learning style?
1) it facilitates ones learning
2) maximise one’s skills by utilising the best learning techniques in order to improve.
3) expand skills to develop a broader understand & range of skills.
Explain Closed motor skills + examples
Closed motor skills refer to skills performed when the supporting surface, object and other people are stationary. It is performed in a highly controlled/predictable environment in which environmental factors (changing positioning of environments) are not considered.
Eg: batting from a bowling machine, spike machine, goal keeping from a machine.
Explain Open motor skills
Open motor skills are performed in an unpredictable environment in which the support surface, object and people involved in the skill are moving. Environmental factors need to be considered.
Eg: diving a car, sticking a moving ball, passing a ball between opponents, passing a ball under pressure.
Explain continuous motor skills + examples
A discrete motor skill has a clearly defined beginning and ending while they are typically simple, one movement skills.
Eg: throwing a ball, swinging a bat.
Explain continuous motor skills + examples
Continuous motor skills are repetitive movements that don’t have a clearly defined beginning and ending.
Eg: running, walking
Explain serial motor skills + examples
Serial motor skills are discrete skills linked together in a continuous movement sequence. They are typically repetitive movements with a specific beginning and ending.
Eg. Playing a guitar, performing triple jump.
Explain the linear vs non-linear learning styles
Linear:
- suggests improvements an changes are in a linear progression.
- learning occurs in a predictable, gradual series of steps.
- simple to complex progression.
Non-linear:
- suggests improvements and changes are in a non-linear progression.
- learning is dynamic, unpredictable and erratic.
- doesn’t follow simple to complex. (May experience large improvement followed by sudden decline or not experience improvement at all due to changing environments).
