Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties

Question 1

Symbol

Answer 1

One or two letters that represent an element

Question 2

Atomic Number

Answer 2

The same as the number of protons in an atom (and electrons when neutrally charged)

Question 3

Molar Mass

Answer 3

Average mass of a mol of atoms in grams or a single atom in amus

Question 4

Alkali Metals

Answer 4

Group 1

Question 5

Alkaline Earth Metals

Answer 5

Group 2

Question 6

Transition Metals

Answer 6

Groups 3-12

Question 7

Halogens

Answer 7

Group 17

Question 8

Noble Gases

Answer 8

Group 18

Question 9

Lanthanides

Answer 9

Top row underneath the table

Question 10

Actinides

Answer 10

Bottom row underneath the table

Question 11

Periods

Answer 11

Horizontal rows of the periodic table

Question 12

Groups

Answer 12

Vertical columns of the periodic table

Question 13

Mass Number

Answer 13

Sum of its neutrons and protons

Question 14

Isotopes

Answer 14

Atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 15

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 15

The number of atoms that are in a single mole of any given element

Question 16

STP

Answer 16

Standard temperature and pressure
0 C and 1 atm

Question 17

Molarity (M)

Answer 17

The concentration of a solution in terms of volume

Question 18

Percent Composition

Answer 18

The percent by mass of each element that makes up a compound

Question 19

Empirical Formula

Answer 19

The simplest ratio of one element to another in a compound

Question 20

Molecular Formula

Answer 20

The actual formula for a substance

Question 21

Quantized

Answer 21

Electrons can exist only at specific energy levels, separated by specific intervals

Question 22

Coulomb’s Law

Answer 22

Electrostatic force between the nucleus and an electron = magnitude of the positive/negative charges divided by the distance between the charges

Question 23

Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 23

Energy absorbed and emitted by electrons (gamma rays to radio waves)

Question 24

Ionization (Binding) Energy

Answer 24

The amount of energy necessary to remove an electron from an atom

Question 25

Kinetic Energy

Answer 25

Energy of motion

Question 26

Photoelectron Spectrum

Answer 26

Chart of the amount of ionization energy for all electrons ejected from a nucleus

Question 27

Subshell

Answer 27

The shape of the space the electron can be found in

Question 28

Energy Level

Answer 28

Distance of the subshell from the nucleus

Question 29

Aufbau Principle

Answer 29

When building up the electron configuration of an atom, electrons are placed in orbitals, subshells, and shells in order of increasing energy

Question 30

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 30

The two electrons which share an orbital cannot have the same spin

Question 31

Hund's Rule

Answer 31

When an electron is added to a subshell, it will always occupy an empty orbital if one is available

Question 32

Valence Eletrons

Answer 32

Outermost electrons

Question 33

Ion

Answer 33

Atom that has either gained or lost electrons

Question 34

Anion

Answer 34

Negatively charged ion (gained electrons)

Question 35

Cation

Answer 35

Positively charged ion (lost electrons)

Question 36

Atomic Radius

Answer 36

Approximated distance from the nucleus of an atom to its valence electrons

Question 37

Ionization Energy

Answer 37

Energy required to remove an electron from an atom

Question 38

Electronegativity

Answer 38

How strongly the nucleus of an atom attracts the electrons of other atoms in a bond

Question 39

Electron Affinity

Answer 39

The energy change that occurs when an electron is added to an atom in its gaseous state