Unit 1 (Back, Arm, Elbow, Shoulder, Spinal Cord Flashcards
(136 cards)
1
Q
Trapezius Origination
A
EOP, Nuchal Ligament, spinous process of C7-T12
2
Q
Trapezius Insertion
A
Lateral 1/3 Clavicle, Acromion, spine of scapula
3
Q
Trapezius Innvervation
A
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI), C3, C4
4
Q
Trapezius Blood Supply
A
Transverse Cervical Artery
5
Q
Trapezius Action
A
Desending - elevate scapula
Middle - Retract Scapula
Ascending - Depress Scapula
6
Q
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
A
Spinous process of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs
7
Q
Latissimus Dorsi Insertion
A
Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
8
Q
Latissimus Dorsi Innervation
A
Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6,C7)
9
Q
Latissimus Dorsi Action
A
Extend, adduct, medially rotate shoulder, raises body towards arms when climbing
10
Q
Levator Scapulae Origin
A
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4
11
Q
Levator Scapulae Insertion
A
Medial border of scapula superior to root of spine
12
Q
Levator Scapulae Innervation
A
Dorsal Scapular (C5), C3,C4
13
Q
Levator Scapulae Action
A
Eleveates scapula and titls glenoid cavity inferiorly
14
Q
Rhomboid minor/major Origin
A
Minor: nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 and T1
Major: spinous processes of T2-T5
15
Q
Rhomboid minor/major Insertion
A
Minor: triangular area at medial end of scapular spine
Major: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
16
Q
Rhomboid Innveration
A
Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)
17
Q
Rhomboid Action
A
Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity
18
Q
Splenius Origin
A
Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6
19
Q
Splenius Insertion
A
Splenius Capitis: mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superiour nuchal line of occipital bone
Splenius Cervicis: tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4
20
Q
Splenius Innveration
A
Post rami of spinal nerves
21
Q
Splenius Action
A
Acting alone: laterally flex neck and rotate head to same side
Acting together: extend head and neck
22
Q
Erector Spinae (Illocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) Origin
A
Broad tendon from posterior illiac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-illiac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament
23
Q
Erector Spinae (Illocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) Insertion
A
Illiocostalis (lumborum, thoracis, cervicis): angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
Longissimus (thoracis, cervicis, capitis): ribs between tubercles and angles, transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, mastoid process of temporal bone
Spinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis): spinous processes in upper thoracic region and cranium
24
Q
Erector Spinae (Illocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) Innervation
A
Post rami of spinal nerves
25
Erector Spinae (Illocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis) Action
Bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head
Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column
26
Semispnialis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis) Origin
Transverse processes of C4-T10
27
Semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis) Insertion
Occipital bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions
28
Semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis) Innervation
Post rami of spinal nerves
29
Semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, capitis) Action
Extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally
30
Multifidus Origin
Posterior sacrum, posterior superior illiac spine, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro-illiac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, articular processes of C4-C7
31
Multifidus Insertion
Fibvers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes of vertebrae locaated 2-4 segments superior to origin
32
Multifidus Innervation
Post rami of spinal nerves
33
Multifiuds Action
Unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side
34
Rotatores Origin
Transverse processes of vertebrae
35
Rotatores Insertion
junction of lamina and transverse processes or spinous process of vertebra immedidately (brevis) or two segments (longus) superior to vertebra of origin
36
Rotatores Innervation
Post rami of spinal nerves
37
Rotatores Action
Proprioception
38
Rectus capitis posterior major Origin
Spinous process of C2
39
Rectus capitis posterior major Insertion
Lateral 1/3 of inferior nuchal line
40
Rectus capitis posterior minor Origin
Posterior tubercle of C1
41
Rectus capitis posterior minor Insertion
Medial 1/3 of inferior nuchal line
42
Rectus capitis posterior Action
Bilateral: Extends head
Unilateral: Rotates head to same side
43
Obliquus capitis inferior Origin
Spinous process of C2
44
Obliquus capitis inferior Insertion
Transverse process of C1
45
Obliquus capitis inferior Action
Bilateral: Extends head
Unilateral: Rotates head to same side
46
Obliquus capitis Superior Origin
Transverse process of C1
47
Obliquus capitis Superior Insertion
Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines
48
Obliquus capitis Superior Action
Bilateral: Extends head
Unilateral: Tilts head to same side, rotates to opposite side
49
Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin
Spinous processes of T11-L2
50
Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion
Inferior borders of ribs 8-12 near their angles
51
Serratus Posterior Inferior Action
Depresses Ribs
52
Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation
9-11 Intercostal nerves, subcostal nerve
53
Serratus Posterior Superior Origin
Nuchal Ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3
54
Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion
2nd-4th ribs
55
Serratus Posterior Superior Action
Elevate Ribs
56
Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation
2nd-5th Intercostal nerves
57
Platysma Origin
Fascia covering superior parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
58
Platysma Insertion
Inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face
59
Platysma Innervation
Cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
60
Platysma Actions
Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widens it as in expressions of sadness and fright
61
Sternocleidomastoid Origin
Sternal Head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum
| Clavicual Head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle
62
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line
63
Sternoclediomastoid Innervation
Motor- Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
| Sensory - C2 and C3 nerves
64
Sternocleidomastoid Action
Unilateral: tilts head to same side and rotates so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side
Bilateral: extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints; flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium; extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level
65
Anterior Scalene Origin
Anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae
66
Anterior Scalene Insertion
1st Rib
67
Anterior Scalene Innervation
Cervical spine nerves C4-C6
68
Anterior Scalene Action
Flexes neck laterally, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
69
Middle Scalene Origin
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C7 vertebrae
70
Middle Scalene Insertion
Superior surface of 1st rib, posterior to groove for subclavian artery
71
Middle Scalene Innervation
Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
72
Middle Scalene Action
Flexes neck laterally, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
73
Posterior Scalene Origin
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6 vertebrae
74
Posterior Scalene Insertion
External border of 2nd rib
75
Posterior Scalene Innervation
Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8
76
Posterior Scalene Action
Flexes neck laterally, elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
77
Deltoid Origin
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
78
Deltoid Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
79
Deltoid Innervation
Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)
80
Deltoid Action
Clavicular (anterior): flexes and medially rotates shoulder
Acromial (middle): abducts shoulder
Spinal (posterior): extends and laterally rotates shoulder
81
Supraspinatus Origin
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
82
Supraspinatus Insertion
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
83
Supraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular Nerve (C4, C5, C6)
84
Supraspinatus Action
Initiates and assist deltoid in abduction of shoulder and acts with other rotator cuff muscles
85
Infraspinatus Origin
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
86
Infraspinatus Insertion
Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
87
Infraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular Nerve (C5, C6)
88
Infraspinatus Action
Laterally rotates shoulder, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
89
Teres Minor Origin
Middle part of lateral border of scapula
90
Teres Minor Insertion
Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
91
Teres Minor Innervation
Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)
92
Teres Minor Action
Laterally rotates shoulder, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
93
Teres Major Origin
Inferior part of lateral border of scapula and posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
94
Teres Major Insertion
Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
95
Teres Major Innervation
Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
96
Teres Major Action
Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint
97
Subscapularis Origin
Subscapular fossa
98
Subscapularis Insertion
Lesser tubercle of humerus
99
Subscapularis Innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)
100
Subscapularis Action
Medially rotates and adducts shoulder, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity
101
Pectoralis Major Origin
Clavicular Head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
| Sternocostal Head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
102
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
103
Pectoralis Major Innervation
Lateral and Medial pectoral nerves, clavicular head (C5, C6), sternocostal head (C7, C8, T1)
104
Pectoralis Major Action
Adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
Acting alone, clavicular head flexes shoulder joint and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position
105
Pectoralis Minor Origin
3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages
106
Pectoralis Minor Insertion
Medial and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
107
Pectoralis Minor Innervation
Medial Pectoral Nerve (C8, T1)
108
Pectoralis Minor Action
Stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
109
Subclavius Origin
Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
110
Subclavius Insertion
Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
111
Subclavius Innervation
Nerve to Subclavius (C5, C6)
112
Subclavius Action
Anchors and depresses clavicle
113
Serratus Anterior Origin
External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs
114
Serratus Anterior Insertion
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
115
Serratus Anterior Innervation
Long thoracic Nerve (C5, C6, C7)
116
Serratus Anterior Action
Protracts scapula and hold against thoracic wall; rotates scapula
117
Biceps Brachii Origin
Short Head: tip of coracoid process of scapula
| Long Head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
118
Biceps Brachii Insertion
Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
119
Biceps Brachii Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5, C6)
120
Biceps Brachii Action
Supinates forearm and, when it is supinated, flexes elbow joint; flexes shoulder joint; short head resists dislocation of shoulder
121
Brachialis Origin
Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
122
Brachialis Insertion
Coronoid process and tubersoity of ulna
123
Brachialis Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5, C6)
124
Brachialis Action
Flexes elbow joint in all position
125
Corocobrachialis Origin
Tip of coracoid process of scapula
126
Corocobrachialis Insertion
Middle third of medial surface of humerus
127
Corocobrachialis Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5, C6, C7)
128
Corocobrachialis Action
Helps flex and adduct shoulder joint; resists dislocation of shoulder
129
Triceps Brachii Origin
Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial Head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
130
Triceps Brachii Insertion
Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
131
Triceps Brachii Innervation
Radial Nerve (C6, C7, C8)
132
Triceps Brachii Action
Chief extensor of elbow joint; long head extends shoulder joint and resists dislocation of humerus (especially important during abduction)
133
Omohyoid Origin
Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
134
Omohyoid Insertion
Inferior border of hyoid bone
135
Omohyoid Innervation
C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis
136
Omohyoid Action
Depresses, retracts and steadies hyoid
