Unit 3 Flashcards
(159 cards)
1
Q
Tibialis Anterior Origin
A
Lateral condyle and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
2
Q
Tibialis Anterior Insertion
A
Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
3
Q
Tibialis Anterior Innervation
A
Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)
4
Q
Tibialis Anterior Action
A
Dorsiflexes ankle; inverts foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
5
Q
Extensor hallucis longus Origin
A
Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
6
Q
Extensor hallucis longus Insertion
A
Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
7
Q
Extensor hallucis longus Innervation
A
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
8
Q
Extensor hallucis longus Action
A
Extends great toe; dorsiflexes ankle
9
Q
Extensor digitorum longus Origin
A
Lateral condyle of tibia and superior 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
10
Q
Extensor digitorum longus Insertion
A
Middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
11
Q
Extensor digitorum longus Innervation
A
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
12
Q
Extensor digitorum longus Action
A
Extends lateral four digits; dorsiflexes ankle
13
Q
Fibularis Tertius Origin
A
Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
14
Q
Fibularis Tertius Insertion
A
Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
15
Q
Fibularis Tertius Innervation
A
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
16
Q
Fibularis Tertius Action
A
Dorsiflexes ankle; aids in eversion of foot
17
Q
Fibularis Longus Origin
A
Head and superior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula
18
Q
Fibularis Longus Insertion
A
Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
19
Q
Fibularis Longus Innervation
A
Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
20
Q
Fibularis Longus Action
A
Evert foot; weakly plantarflex ankle, supports transverse arch of foot
21
Q
Fibularis Brevis Origin
A
Middle part of lateral surface of fibula
22
Q
Fibularis Brevis Insertion
A
Dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal
23
Q
Fibularis Brevis Innervation
A
Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
24
Q
Fibularis Brevis Action
A
Evert foot; weakly plantarflex foot
25
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Origin
Calcaneus (dorsal surface)
26
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Insertion
2nd to 4th toes (at dorsal aponeuroses and bases of the middle phalanges)
27
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Innervation
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
28
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Action
Extension of the metatarsalphalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th toes
29
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Origin
Calcaneus (dorsal surface)
30
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Insertion
1st toe (at dorsal aponeurosis and proximal phalanx)
31
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Innervation
Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
32
Extensor Hallucis Brevis Action
Extension of the metatarsalphalangeal joint of the 1st toe
33
Gastrocnemius Origin
Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
| Medial head: popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle
34
Gastrocnemius Insertion
Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
35
Gastrocnemius Innervation
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
36
Gastrocnemius Action
Plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes knee joint
37
Soleus Origin
Posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line, and medial border of tibia
38
Soleus Insertion
Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
39
Soleus Innervation
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
40
Soleus Action
Plantarflexes ankle; steadies leg on foot
41
Plantaris Origin
Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
42
Plantaris Insertion
Calcaneal tuberosity
43
Plantaris Action
Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle; function is probably mainly proprioceptive
44
Popliteus Origin
Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
45
Popliteus Insertion
Posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
46
Popliteus Innervation
Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)
47
Popliteus Action
Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia, may also medially rotate tibia of unplanted limb
48
Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin
Inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula and ifnerior part of interosseous membrane
49
Flexor Hallucis Longus Insertion
Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
50
Flexor Hallucis Longus Innervation
Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
51
Flexor Hallucis Longus Action
Flexes great toe at all joints; weakly plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
52
Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin
Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and by a broad tendon to fibula
53
Flexor Digitorum Longus Insertion
Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
54
Flexor Digitorum Longus Innervation
Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
55
Flexor Digitorum Longus Action
Flexes lateral four digits; plantarflexes ankle; supports longitudinal arches of foot
56
Tibialis Posterior Origin
Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, and posterior surface of fibula
57
Tibialis Posterior Insertion
Primarily to tuberosity of navicular; also to cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals
58
Tibialis Posterior Innervation
Tibial nerve (L4, L5)
59
Tibialis Posterior Action
Plantarflexes ankle; inverts foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
60
Abductor Hallucis Origin
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis
61
Abductor Hallucis Insertion
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
62
Abductor Hallucis Innervation
Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
63
Abductor Hallucis Action
Abducts and flexes 1st digit (great toe, hallux)
64
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Origin
Medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
65
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Insertion
Both sides of middle phalanges of lateral four digits
66
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Innervation
Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
67
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Action
Flexes lateral four digits
68
Abductor Digiti Minimi Origin
Medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
69
Abductor Digiti Minimi Insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
70
Abductor Digiti Minimi Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
71
Abductor Digiti Minimi Action
Abducts and flexes 5th digit
72
Quadratus Plantae Origin
Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
73
Quadratus Plantae Insertion
Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
74
Quadratus Plantae Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
75
Quadratus Plantae Action
Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits
76
Lumbricals Origin
Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
77
Lumbricals Insertion
Medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits
78
Lumbricals Innervation
Medial one: medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
| Lateral three: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
79
Lumbricals Action
Flex proximal phalanges; extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
80
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Origin
Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
81
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Insertion
Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
82
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Innervation
Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
83
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Action
Flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit
84
Adductor Hallucis Origin
Oblique head: bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals
| Transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3rd-5th metatarsophalangeal joints
85
Adductor Hallucis Insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
86
Adductor Hallucis Innervation
Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
87
Adductor Hallucis Action
Adducts first digit; assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot
88
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Origin
Base of 5th metatarsal
89
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
90
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Innervation
Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
91
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Action
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
92
Plantar interossei (three muscles) Origin
Bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
93
Plantar interossei (three muscles) Insertion
Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th digits
94
Plantar interossei (three muscles) Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
95
Plantar interossei (three muscles) Action
Adduct digits 3-5, flex metatarsophalangeal joints
96
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) Origin
Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5
97
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) Insertion
First: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit
| Second to fourth: lateral sides of 2nd to 4th digits
98
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) Innervation
Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
99
Dorsal interossei (four muscles) Action
Abduct digits (2-4), flex metatarsophalangeal joints
100
Sternocleidomastoid Origin
Sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum
| Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle
101
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line
102
Sternocleidomastoid Innervation
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), C2, C3
103
Sternocleidomastoid Action
Unilateral contraction: titls head to same side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side
Bilateral contraction: extend neck at atlanto-occipital joint; flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium; extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level
104
Trapezius Origin
Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
105
Trapezius Insertion
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
106
Trapezius Innervation
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), C3, C4
107
Trapezius Action
Descending: Elevate scapula
Middle: Retract scapula
Ascending: Depress scapula
108
Platysma Origin
Fascia covering superior parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
109
Platysma Insertion
Inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face
110
Platysma Innervation
Cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
111
Platysma Action
Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widens it as in expressions of sadness and fright
112
Mylohyoid Origin
Mylohyoid line of mandible
113
Mylohyoid Insertion
Mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid
114
Mylohyoid Innervation
Nerve to mylohyoid; a branch of inferior alveolar nerve (from mandibular nerve, CN V3)
115
Mylohyoid Action
Elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during swallowing and speaking
116
Geniohyoid Origin
Inferior mental spine of mandible
117
Geniohyoid Insertion
Body of hyoid
118
Geniohyoid Innervation
C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
119
Geniohyoid Action
Pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly; shortens floor of mouth; widens pharynx
120
Stylohyoid Origin
Styloid process of temporal bone
121
Stylohyoid Insertion
Body of hyoid
122
Stylohyoid Innervation
Stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
123
Stylohyoid Action
Elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of mouth
124
Digastric Origin
Anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible
| Posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone
125
Digastric Insertion
Intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid
126
Digastric Innervation
Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve
Posterior belly: digastric branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
127
Digastric Action
Working with infrahyoid muscles, depresses mandible against resistance elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking
128
Sternohyoid Origin
Manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
129
Sternohyoid Insertion
Body of hyoid
130
Sternohyoid Innervation
C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis
131
Sternohyoid Action
Depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing
132
Omohyoid Origin
Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
133
Omohyoid Insertion
Inferior border of hyoid
134
Omohyoid Innervation
C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis
135
Omohyoid Action
Depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid
136
Sternothyroid Origin
Posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
137
Sternothyroid Insertion
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
138
Sternothyroid Innervation
C2 and C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis
139
Sternothyroid Action
Depresses hyoid and larynx
140
Thyrohyoid Origin
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
141
Thyrohyoid Insertion
Inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid
142
Thyrohyoid Innervation
C1 via hypoglossal nerve
143
Thyrohyoid Action
Depresses hyoid and elevates larynx
144
Temporalis Origin
Floor of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporalis fascia
145
Temporalis Insertion
Tip and medial surface of coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible
146
Temporalis Innervation
Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3) via deep temporal nerve
147
Temporalis Action
Elevates mandible; closing jaw, retracts mandible
148
Masseter Origin
Inferior border and medial surface of maxillary process of zygomatic bone and zygomati arch
149
Masseter Insertion
Angle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible
150
Masseter Innervation
Mandibular nerve (CN V3) via masseteric nerve
151
Masseter Action
Elevates mandible
152
Lateral Pterygoid Origin
Infratemporal surface and greater wing of sphenoid and lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
153
Lateral Pterygoid Insertion
Joint capsule and articular disc of TMJ; pterygoid fovea on anteromedial aspect of neck of condyloid process of mandible
154
Lateral Pterygoid Innervation
Mandibular nerve (CN V3) via nerves to lateral pterygoid
155
Medial Pterygoid Origin
Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pyramidal process of palantine bone and tuberoisty of maxilla
156
Medial Pterygoid Insertion
Medial surface of ramus of mandible, inferior to mandibular foramen
157
Medial Pterygoid Innervation
Mandibular nerve (CN V3) via nerve to medial pterygoid
158
Medial Pterygoid Action
Elevates mandible; protrudes mandible
159
Lateral Pterygoid Action
Acting bilaterally: protracts mandible and depresses chin
| Acting unilaterally: swings jaw toward contralateral side
