Unit 1 - Basic Flashcards
(14 cards)
describe atom structure
Atom is divided in
atomic nucleus :
- protons positive charge
- neutrons uncharged
atomic shell:
-electrons negative charge
Ion
when then number of protons and electrons are not equal, atom is electrically charged positively or negatively, this refers to an ion
different charges (attraction, repulsion)
positive charges are drawn to negative charges and vice versa.
two like charges will repel each other
different charges in an atom create forces that causes electrons to orbit around the nucleous
faraday’s field theory
electrical fields occur in the vicinity of charges, meaning that charges can influence their environment through these fields
fields generated at rest or moving
at rest charges generate electrostatic fields
moving charges generate magnetic fields
voltage
equal to the difference of two potentials > difference between two states in the electrical fields
convection current
a shift of current will occur when two point with different electrical potential are connected via a conductor
electrical current
the movement of charge in a material over time.
Describes how many electrons equivalent to a certain number of coulomb of charge are shifted within a certain time.
electrical resistance
a measure of the body’s resistance to a current flowing to it, depends on the material
dictates how well a body can compensate for potential difference
electrical power
express the ratio of energy used for unit of time
How can a circuit be supplied
constant voltage or constant current
circuit supplied with constant voltage
a voltage source creates a fixed potential difference; current will flow to decrease this potential difference, the ammount of current depends on the value of the resistance of the circuit.
circuit supplied with constant current
current source can output a fixed value of current, and the voltage is then set depending on the value of the resistance.
real circuit
if a voltage or current source experience losses
