Unit 1: Bonding (Notes) Flashcards

0
Q

Boron exception

A

Boron is stable with 6e

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1
Q

Beryllium exception

A

Be is stable with
2e
4e

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2
Q

VSEPR Theory

A

Electrons repel each other which causes bending of certain branches of molecule

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3
Q

D: Electronegativity

A

A measure of how well atoms attract bonding electrons

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4
Q

Atomic size trend on the periodic table

A

Left (bigger) - Right (smaller)

Top (smaller) - Bottom (bigger)

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5
Q

E/n Difference

> 1.7

A

Ionic

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6
Q

E/n difference

<1.7

A

Polar covalent

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7
Q

E/n difference

= 0

A

Non polar covalent

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8
Q

D: Bond dipoles

A

Represent the distribution of charge within a bond

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9
Q

D: Molecular dipole

A

Represents overall charge distribution of molecule

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10
Q

Difference between inter and intramolecular forces

A

Intermolecular - forces between molecules

Intramolecular - bonds with molecule

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11
Q

DD force

A
  • Only for polar molecules

- Dipole of one molecule aligns with the dipole of adjacent molecules

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12
Q

HB

A
  • Strongest IMF
  • H bonded with nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
  • H is attracted to lone pairs of other molecules
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13
Q

LDF

A
  • Random motion of electrons causes them to bunch up = temporary dipole
  • Weakest IMF
  • Determined by # of electrons/protons
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14
Q

Melting and Boiling points

A

Stronger bond = Higher boiling and melting points

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15
Q

Solubility rule

A

Polar solute dissolves in polar solvent. Vice versa

16
Q

5 Properties of covalent network bonding

A
  1. Hard
  2. Poor conductors
  3. Rigid structure
  4. High mp
  5. Strongest bond
17
Q

6 Properties of metallic bonding

A
  1. Malleable
  2. Ductile
  3. Low to high mp
  4. Good conductors
  5. Crystal lattice
  6. Low e/n
18
Q

3 Properties of ionic solids

A
  1. Solid at room temperature
  2. High bp
  3. Poor conductors as solids
19
Q

2 Properties of molecular solids

A
  1. Low bp

2. LDF, DD, HB

20
Q

List type of bonds from strongest to weakest

A
  1. Covalent network
  2. Covalent
  3. Ionic
  4. Metallic
21
Q

List IMFs from strongest to weakest

A
  1. HB
  2. DD
  3. LDF