Unit 1: Changing Population

Question 1

Development

Answer 1

The level of advancement that a place has achieved, in relation to economic and technological modernization as well as increased social quality of life and political stability

Question 2

Examples of social development

Answer 2

High life expectancy (quality of life), equality, justice

Question 3

Examples of cultural development

Answer 3

Education, preservation of culture

Question 4

Examples of political development

Answer 4

Freedom of speech, democracy

Question 5

Examples of environmental development

Answer 5

Conservation, sustinability

Question 6

Purchasing power parity (PPP)

Answer 6

The amount of money needed in one country to purchase the same goods and services in another country

Question 7

Core-periphery model

Answer 7

A model that suggests that some cities/regions development faster because of human/physical advantages and turn into co regions and others into periphery regions

Question 8

Internal migration

Answer 8

The movement of people within a country for both voluntary and involuntary reasons

Question 9

Demographic transition model

Answer 9

A geographical model used to explain the process of change from high birth and death rates to low ones as part of the economic development of a country from pre-industrial to an industrialized economy

Question 10

Population momentum

Answer 10

The tendency of population growth to continue beyond he point when replacement rate fertility has been achieved because of the high concentration of people of childbearing age

Question 11

Total fertility rate

Answer 11

The average number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years

Question 12

Natural increase

Answer 12

Birth rate minus death rate

Question 13

Dependency ratio

Answer 13

The number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

Question 14

Demographic dividend

Answer 14

The accelerated economic growth that may result from a decline in a country’s mortality and fertility and the subsequent decline in dependency ratio

Question 15

Examples of economic development (3)

Answer 15

Expansion of economy, advances quality of life, interdependency (between countries)

Question 16

Consequences of mega cities (8)

Answer 16

1. Slums
2. Homelessness
3. Crime
4. Traffic congestion
5. Air/water pollution
6. Urban sprawl
7. Costs of infrastructure
8. Waste management

Question 17

Physical factors that change population distribution (7)

Answer 17

1. Landforms
2. Climate
3. Soil
4. Vegetation
5. Access to water
6. Pests and diseases
7. Natural resources

Question 18

Human factors that change population distribution (4)

Answer 18

1. Agriculture
2. Manufacturing
3. Communication
4. Political factors

Question 19

Refugees

Answer 19

People who seek refuge from hazard, dangers, or persecution outside of their country, unable to return

Question 20

Internally displaced persons (IDP)

Answer 20

People who have been forcibly relocated within their own country

Question 21

Effects of an aging/greying population (6)

Answer 21

1. Social welfare
2. Healthcare
3. Senior homes
4. Pressure on social workers
5. Gaps in the job market
6. Working class pay more taxes

Question 22

External forces that affect the rate of economic development (4)

Answer 22

Colonization, trade between countries, foreign aid, TNC investment (neo-colonialism)

Question 23

Internal forces that affect economic development (3)

Answer 23

Transport, infrastructure, political systems (planning, policies towards trade)

Question 24

Why have 23% of Nigerians internally migrated from rural to urban areas?

Answer 24

Political efforts to expand development in urban areas

Question 25

Why are petroleum reservoirs a pull factor for people to internally migrate in Nigeria? (2)

Answer 25

1. Employment 2. Government improves unlit of life, education in large cities

Question 26

What is the Hu Huanyong line?

Answer 26

94% of China’s population lives east of this line.

Question 27

What makes the west end of China inhabitable? (Uneven population distribution)

Answer 27

South: steep, rugged mountains in the Himalayans North: Desert with dry climate and soil

Question 28

How does Shenzhen mitigate the consequences of urban sprawl (mega city growth)?

Answer 28

Urban sprawl - high rises, high density housing

Question 29

What are some challenges that Shenzhen faces as a mega city with a growing population?

Answer 29

1. Limited land 2. Shortage of energy and water 3. Environmental concerns, pollution 4. Homelessness by undocumented workers

Question 30

Why did Cambodia have a significant drop in population from 1975-1979?

Answer 30

The Khmer Rouge Regime

Question 31

Which occupations did the Khmer Rouge Regime target?

Answer 31

1. Doctors 2. Engineerings 3. Teachers 4. Lawyers Essentially well-educated professions that they deemed as threatening and capable of overturning the regime.

Question 32

Which measures of development decreased after the Khmer Rouge Regime? (3)

Answer 32

1. Fertility rate 2. Infan mortality rate 3. Life expectancy

Question 33

Why did the fall of the USSR cause a rise in death rates and fall in birth rates?

Answer 33

USSR had a stable structure, systems fell apart

Question 34

What did Russia’s government do to increase the population growth? (2)

Answer 34

- improve healthcare - encourage immigration

Question 35

Why did citizens from Niger internally migrate from Northern Niger to the capital? (3)

Answer 35

- land degradation (they used up all the nutrients in the soil, reused to the point that it was degraded) - lake Chad dried up (provided fish, water, livestock) - droughts

Question 36

What was the conflict in Syria that caused. 7.6 million people to be internally displaced?

Answer 36

Civil war

Question 37

What are the pull factors of Turkey for Syrian refugees or asylum seekers? (4)

Answer 37

- less Islamophobia - closer to home - similar culture - welcoming government