Unit 1 Chem - A1 structure and bonding in applications in science

Question 1

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 1

Positive Protons and Neutral neutrons

Question 2

What surrounds the nucleus

Answer 2

Energy shells

Question 3

What do the energy shells contain?

Answer 3

Negative electrons

Question 4

Relative mass of protons and neutrons

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Relative mass of an electron

Answer 5

0

Question 6

Maximum no of electrons in shell 1

Answer 6

2 electrons

Question 7

Maximum no of electrons in shell 2

Answer 7

8

Question 8

Maximum no of electrons in shell 3

Answer 8

18

Question 9

Maximum no of electrons in shell 4

Answer 9

32

Question 10

Maximum no of electrons in shell 5

Answer 10

50

Question 11

What are the energy levels/shells broken down into (sub shells) ?

Answer 11

S,p,d,f orbitals

Question 12

Aufbau principal

Answer 12

Electrons fill the orbital with the lowest available energy state in relaxation to the proximity to the nucleus before filling orbitals with higher energy states.

Question 13

What’s the point of Aufbau principle

Answer 13

It gives the most stable electron configuration possible

Question 14

Electrons have the same charge so they _________ each other

Answer 14

Repel

Question 15

Orbitals

Answer 15

Regions where there is a 95% probability of locating an electron. An orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons.

Question 16

Electronic Configuration

Answer 16

The distribution of electrons in an atom or molecule

Question 17

Spin

Answer 17

Electrons have two possible states, spin up or down. In each orbital an electron will be in a differ spin state.

Question 18

Bohrs theory

Answer 18

An electrons shells orbit in circles around the nucleus

Question 19

How many electrons can s block hold

Answer 19

2

Question 20

How many electrons can p block hold?

Answer 20

6

Question 21

How many electrons can d block hold?

Answer 21

10

Question 22

How many electrons can f block hold?

Answer 22

14

Question 23

Ionic bonding

Answer 23

Atoms transfer electrons to achieve a full outer shell
And is the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 24

When does ionic Bonding occur

Answer 24

Between metals and non metals

Question 25

Do the non metals in ionic bonding lose or gain electrons?o

Answer 25

Gain

Question 26

Do metals in ionic bonding lose or gain electrons?

Answer 26

Lose

Question 27

An Atom that that loses an electron becomes a positively charged _____

Answer 27

Cation

Question 28

An Atom that gains electrons becomes a negatively charged _________

Answer 28

Anion

Question 29

Ion

Answer 29

Atom that loses or gains an electron

Question 30

Atom

Answer 30

The smallest part of a substance which cannot be broken down chemically

Question 31

When atom loses an electron it g________

Answer 31

Gains

Question 32

When an atom gains an electron it l_____

Answer 32

Loses

Question 33

Two factors that affect charge density

Answer 33

Ionic charge Ionic radius

Question 34

Group 1,2,3 metals will donate electrons to become?

Answer 34

Cations 1+ cation 2+ cation 3+ cation

Question 35

How is a -2 anion more attractive than a -1 anion?

Answer 35

It’s smaller in size and larger in charge so the charge is more concentrated and this makes it more attractive

Question 36

Ionic charge

Answer 36

Atom/ ion with a net electrical charge

Question 37

Charge density increases as _______ decreases.

Answer 37

Radius

Question 38

As you move down a group the atomic radius _________ because there is an extra _______ due to more electrons

Answer 38

Increases Shell

Question 39

How is the strength of a ionic bond measured?

Answer 39

Electrostatic force between two oppositely charged ions

Question 40

The bigger the ionic charge results in a stronger a_______ and stronger ionic _____

Answer 40

Attraction Bond

Question 41

electrostatic attraction

Answer 41

the force experienced by oppositely charged particles which hold them strongly together

Question 42

giant ionic lattice

Answer 42

a regular arrangement of positive and negative ions